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CSET Spanish Subtest 2 397 Questions and
Answers 2025/
What are the characteristics of Modernism (1888-1910)? There are 10. -
- Loneliness
- Sensuality
- Defense of Indigenism
- Harmony
- Exoticism
- Fine Materials
- Mythological
- Sayings/Gallicism
- Aristocratic
- Change of meter Who was the most important modernist? Where was he from? - Ruben Dario Nicaragua This type of writing Gained popularity in mid-13th Century w/ Alfonso X - Spanish Prose The last great poet of middle ages. Wrote Coplas a la muerte de su padre. - Jorge Manrique First to introduce Sonnet into Spanish Literature - Iñigo López de Mendoza Facts of Juan Ruiz -
- Castilian Poet
- 14 Century
- Writer of (Libro de un Buen Amor)
- Mester de Clerencia Facts of Alfonso X (The Wise) -
- Translation of works from Arabic to Latin.
- Vernacular of Castle
- Use of Castilian
- Prolific Author (Writer) of 300 Poems.
- Gacilian Father of Spanish Prose. King of Castile and Leon. - Alfonso X (1252-1284) Mester de clerencia - Intend for instruction, didacticism and erudition 13 Century. Facts of Cantar de Mio Cid -
- Real man, battles, conquests,
- 1140
- Realism
- No super natural beings
- 14 silabas
- Mester de Juglaria Arte menor - Verses of 8 or less Arte mayor - Verses of 9 or more syllables Tamales are also called - humitas Sancocho/guisado - stew What is corn called in Andean countries? - el choclo What is cooked on a comal (griddle)? - tortillas Machu Picchu was discovered again in the year - 1911 A device used to make tortillas (a flat or slightly hollowed oblong stone on which materials such as grain and cocoa are ground using a smaller stone.) - un metate The indigenous of Mesoamerica thought that the Creators made people out of which food? - Corn (Maíz) La Epifanía is celebrated on what day? It's also known as what? Who do kids think bring them presents? - 6th of January. The Feast of the Magi Kings. The 3 kings. Día de los muertos is celebrated on what day? - 2nd of november The Inca lived along which mountain range? How many countries did they inhabit? - The Andes. 4 (Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, y Chile) La cordillera blanca can be found in which country? - Perú The Iglesia de San Francisco de Quito is in which country? -
The Boom Osvaldo Dragún (Argentina) is part of what literary movement? - The Boom Chac Mool is about...Is authored by...and is part of what period of literature? -
- Filiberto - adquiere una piedra de Chac Mool
- Con el paso del tiempo se transforma en ser vivo
- El dios ejerce un control hasta dominar a Filiberto.
- Busca liberar esta esclavitud huyendo a Acapulco, donde encuentra la muerte. Parte del BOOM en LA (Latino America) Similarities between Chac Mool by Fuentes and Casa Tomada by Cortazar -
- Entidad maligna ominosa
- Que invade y se apropia del espacio de la casa familiar
- Personajes apegados que huyen Who exemplified existencialismo? -
- Pablo Neruda (Walking Around),
- Miguel De Unamuno (San Miguel bueno, mártir) What is existencialismo? -
- Humans exist first
- Human spends lifetime changing their nature.
- Finding self and the meaning of life a poetic form combining verses of 7 and 11 syllables. Ex: The Dream by Sor Juana de la Cruz - silva Who wrote Chac Mool - Carlos Fuentes Who exemplified costumbrismo? - Pardo Bazán Who exemplified culteranismo? - Luis de Góngora Who exemplified conceptismo? (del Barroco) - Francisco de Quevedo retruécano - juegos de palabras; inversión de los terminos de la clausula o proposicion en otra subsiguiente e.x.: El momento es eterno. La eternidad es momentánea. ("Mi caballo mago") - Sabine Ulibarrí
ambiente (ambience) -
La sensacion que el lector debe percibit del texto. El medio en el que mueven a los personajes. Ejemplo: Un ambiente opresivo y violento rodea a la joven Ildara en un pueblo pequeño de Galicia, una región del noroeste de España, a finales del siglo XIX. "Las medias rojas" (Emilia Pardo Bazán) Ricardo Jaimes Freyre Where was he from? - Bolivia Ricardo Jaimes Freyre, What style influenced? - Symbolist-influenced verse the development of Latin American MODERNISM!! Ricardo Jaimes Freyre Who did he collaborate with? - Rubén Darío on Revista de América. What were the two schools of poetic thought during the Renaissance? (1300-1600) -
Salmantine: Concise and realistic 2 Sevillan: Complex and grandiloquent (extravagant in language, style,) Much of Renaissance literature had to do with what topic? (1300-1600) What was popular during this period? -
- Christianity
- Romantic thought
- CARPE DIEM! Picaresque novel was also popular What is hemistitch/ hemistiquio? - sola frase a la mitad o fragmento de un verso (Arte mayor). Ejemplo: Ha muchos años - que busco el yermo, ha muchos años - que vivo triste, ha muchos años - que estoy enfermo, ¡y es por el libro que tú escribiste! Ejemplo 2: Pero que es leer - sí no tengo ojos Para que soñar - sí no tengo ilusión Para qué correr - sí no tengo camino Para que vivir - sin tus labios rojos Para que jugar - si tengo confusión Para que seguir - si no tengo destino
Describe Francisco Franco (Who did he lead a campaign against? Who did he defeat?) -
- Against Republican govt in 1934 ÷d Spain btwn rightists & leftists.
- 1936-1939=Spanish civil war 3.Defeated Republicans Describe Magical Realism (mid 20th Century) -
- Surreal
- Strange
- Common Who is Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer? -
- Spanish post-romanticist poet
- Playwright
- Columnist: Known for the Rhymes and the Legends Gustavo Adolfo Becquer Year: - 1836 - 1870 fiction (ficción) - Obras literarias que presentan acontecimientos y personajes imaginarios. Ejemplos: Don Quijote de la Mancha (Miguel de Cervantes), "Dos palabras" (Isabel Allende), "Borges y yo" (Jorge Luis Borges), etc What are Borges' best known works? -
- Ficciones
- El Aleph, 1940s= short stories interconnected including dreams, labyrinths, libraries, mirrors, fictional writers, philosophy, and religion. To which genre did Borges contribute/influence? -
- philosophical literature & fantasy.
- magical realism and naturalism of the 19th century, Who was Jorge Luis Borges? -
- Argentine
- Short-story writer, essayist, poet and translator,
- Key figure in Spanish-Lang/Lit Jorge Luis Borges Year: - (1899-1986) Key industries in Mexico include... - Agriculture Industry Tourism Mining
During what 3 year period did the Spanish conquer the Aztecs? - 1519 - 1521 Mexico declared its independence from Spain in - 1810 In Pre-Columbian Times, who inhabited Mexico? - North - Chimichecas Center - Aztecs South (Yucatan) - Mayans Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra wrote: - Don Quijote de la mancha Alonso Quijano is the "real" name of this character... - Don Quijote. Alonso-old man- crazy after reading many chivalric novels & he becomes Don Quijote, a traveling knight. Latin American literature witnessed the onset of chronicles as a result of which event? - arrival of the Spaniards in the New World Julio Cortázar (Who was he? When did he live? Where is he from? What movement did he found? Who did he influence? Most notable work?) -
- Argentine
- Novelist, short story writer, and essayist.
- 1914 - 1984.
- Founders of LA Boom.
- Work: Hopscotch Rubén Darío (when was he born? what style did he found? What does his work expose? MOST popular work? -
- 1867- 191 6 Nicaraguan
- Founder of Modernism
- Society vs. Artist
- Works: EL Rey Burgues (1888)/ Azul - Social problems/materialism Rubén Darío What was the effect of his works on Hispanoamerica? -
- Style - >into modernism. STYLE: REBELLIOUS, INCORPORATES Hispanic traditions, SENSUAL, PLURAL, (sincreticismo), FIGHTING with ITSELF. maniqueísmo - Religión universalista por el sabio Mani Sor Juana de la Cruz -
- 1651 - 1695
- Baroque
- Sor Juana lived during Mexico's:
Andalusia: The Andalusia that Lorca shows through his works is that which can't be seen but felt: the ancient Andalusia, the Andalusia of the ________, the black sorrow, the occult. - Duende The 'Romancero Gitano' has many different characters, but they are not the typical characters (by this we mean people) but 'abstract' characters or topics like... - violence, death, love, etc. Romancero Gitano (Gypsy Ballads) is a book of poems by ____________ , published in 1928. It's made up of __ ballads revolving around the topic of the gypsy life style, culture and customs. The ballads reflect: -
- Federico Garcia Lorca (his most famous book)
- 18
- The pains of the gypsy people who live in the margins of society and are constantly persecuted by the authorities, and the fight against them and their repressive laws. What did Federico Garcia Lorca write? - Dramas: Bodas de sangre, Yerma, La casa de bernarda Alba Poetry: Libro de poemas, Canciones, MOST FAMOUS: Romancero gitano (gypsy) The largest Gothic Cathedral in the world, constructed in the 15th Century - The Catedral de Sevilla Constructed in 1328, this palace was the residence of King Alfonso XI. During the Reconquest, it housed the Catholic Kings including Isabella y Ferdinand - El Alcazar de los Reyes Cristianos en Córdoba Also known as the Monastery of San Lorenzo the Royal of Escorial, this is a famous palace in Spain that was constructed by King Phillip(Felipe II) at the end of the 16th Century. It was built in a style called desornamentado (undressed) - El Escorial a museum in Madrid that is famous for its neoclassical architecture and for housing many famous works of art - El Prado Using more words than necessary to say something. (As in Lorca's "lo lleva codo a codo" from Romancero Gitano) - périfrasis/retórico Federico Garcia Lorca was a member of which group? - Generation of 27 The genre in which a real-life-like situation is invaded by something too strange to believe - Magical Realism
Magical Realism was born in: - Colombia Marti is referred to: - the Apostle of Cuban Independence José Marti wrote in what style? - modernism José Marti wrote in what style? What books did he write (most famous)? - MOST FAMOUS NOVEL: Amistad Funesta What are some central themes of Gabriela Mistral's poems? - Nature, betrayal, love, a mother's love, sorrow and recovery, travel, and Latin American Facts of Gabriela Mistral - A female Chilean poet-diplomat, educator and humanist. What award did Octavio Paz win in 1990? - Nobel Prize for literature in 1990. What concepts did Octavio Paz focus on? - Loneliness and existential restlessness. Who was Octavio Paz? - Was a Mexican poet, essayist, and diplomat who wrote from 1931-1965. Octavio Paz. He can be classified neither as an _________ nor as a ________ symbolist because his way of writing was very unique. The literary movements he belonged to were: - Neither symbolist nor idealist. Horacio Quiroga -
- Uruguay
- Wrote: jungle settings, use supernatural and bizarre to show struggle of man and animal to survive.
- He owed to Edward Allan Poe
- Iinfluence in LA w/ magic realism of Gabriel García Márquez and the postmodern surrealism of Julio Cortázar. Miguel de Unamuno (What group did he belong to? - Author from Gen98. Miguel de Unamuno What was his main message? - ABANDON ITS TRADITIONS&integrate w/ Europe Describe El libro de Buen Amor. Who wrote it? When? -
- El crimen
- El conflicto de los padres por los hijos. La Casa de Bernarda Alba (Federico Garcia Lorca) - Purity of children in the eyes of the mother and the pain surrounding the search for love. Popul Vuh - Narrates creation of world by Gods, creation of men, corn. Pre-Colombian Arrival of Spanish in America =legends start to be written down. Fray Francisco Ximénez saw importance of ________; had remained hidden until 1701 by Quiche Maya community. Translated it to Castilian. - Popul Vuh What is the most important work of the Baroque period? - Don Quijote This period (1600-1700) is characterized by pessimism, disillusionment, worry about death, COMPLEXITY, EXTRAVAGANT ORNAMENTATION, whose purpose was to AMAZE and INCITE INTROSPECTION.
- BAROQUE What did Miguel Hidalgo do on Sept 16, 1810? - He gave a cry in Dolores Hidalgo, Guanajuato, known as "the cry of Dolores" What did Miguel Hidalgo succeed in doing in Mexican government? What happened soon after that? - He succeeded in establishing a national government. But soon after, the Realists executed him. Who was Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a.k.a. Miguel Hidalgo? What is he known for/as?
- He was a Mexican priest and patriot. Known as the father of the country, and as the initiator of independence, and as Father Ended Slave costumbrismo - costumbrism- literary or pictorial interpretation of local everyday life, mannerisms, and customs, primarily in the Hispanic scene creacionismo/creationism -
- literary movement, initiated by Chilean poet Vicente Huidobro around 1912. ______ is based on the idea of a poem as a truly new thing, created by the author for the sake of itself
elegía - elegy - A poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella in 1469 brought about what? - Christian unification in Spain existentialism- existencialismo - existence of the individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through acts of the will What did the Treaty of Tordesillas (1493) do? - Divided Latin America into 2 for the Spanish and the Portuguese What did the Treaty of Tordesillas (1493) do? - Divided Latin America into 2 for the Spanish and the Portuguese What happened when Christianity became the primary religion of Spain from 1492- 1502? - Muslims and Jews were forced to leave the Iberian Peninsula. Who helped Spain conquer the Inca from 1537-1572? - Francisco Pizarro 'voces indigenas' closely resembles a ____________, which is--- - elegía (elegy), a mournful, melancholy, or plaintive poem, especially a funeral song or a lament for the dead. Describe Tomás Rivera's "...y no se lo tragó la tierra" (1971) - a young chicano migrant boy. In "and the earth did not devour him," the boy curses God for his hardships. He struggles with religion because even after cursing God, his family members have improved health and life gets better. This is the most significant work in the book about his faith, besides "A Silvery Night." In that story, the boy calls the devil and puts on a devil's mask. The devil doesn't come, and the boy realizes that there is no devil. He is disillusioned with his faith. When was the Mexican-American War? - 1846 - 1848 What happens when Venezuela begins their independence movement from 1811- 1898? - Many Latin American countries followed suit What happens in the Romance de la perdida de Alhama? (anonymous, 1482) - Spanish town bears bad news that the town has fallen to the moors. He condemns everyone for letting the tragedy happen, but a wise arabic man tells the truth that the king did nothing to help the town either. 1904 - 1914 saw the construction of what in Central America? - The Panama Canal
Ilustración/Enlightenment - ANTI BAROQUISM- A European intellectual movement of the late 17th & 18th Neoclassicism was experienced by Spain alongside Italy and France. Was influenced by Greek classics Neoclassicism - neoclasicismo - The revival of a classical style or treatment in art, literature, architecture, or music. __________ was experienced by Spain alongside Italy and France. Was influenced by Greek classics oda/ ode - A lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter Culteranismo is also called ________. Describe it. - Aka gongorismo (after Luis de Argote y Góngora). It is a style that is characterized by LATINISMS, dark allusions, extreme hyperboles, and complicated metaphors. Conceptism did not try to renovate the lexicon nor the syntax of Spanish, but rather ______. - IDEAS The biggest conceptism writer was ________. He fought violently with words against Luis de ________. - Quevedo / Gongora As opposed to culteranismo, conceptismo tried to _____. Some critics think it abused _________ with overuse. - add a deeper meaning with CLEAR and CONCISE language. Word play. The opposite of culteranismo is ______. (The other Baroque style) - conceptismo/conceptism Sor Juana de la Cruz practiced the poetic style of ______ (one of the two a Baroque styles) - Culteranismo/Gongorismo What are Cultismos? - educated words that come from Latin or Greek The Baroque follows two great trends, ____ and _____. - Culteranismo and conceptismo regionalismo/Regionalism is... - ART movement that was popular during the 1930s scenes of rural life
Describe Realism (1850-1900). Who was a major realist writer? - It focused on familiar conflicts such as marital woes. Characters were often psychological studies. Benito Perez Galdós What two styles does Emilia Perez Bazán reflect? - Realism and Naturalism What is the importance of Benito Perez Galdós? - The Generation of '98 were strongly influenced by his writingcold soup from southern Spain: tomato, garlic, onion cold soup from southern Spain: tomato, garlic, onion - el gazpacho How old are the footprints in Acahualinca? - More than 6000 years old What does the mural "Historia de Michoacán" represent? - The cultural heritage of the indigenous people in Michoacán Describe Romanticism (1800-1850). What was it replaced by? - late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual CATHOLIC RELIGION! Replaced by Realism verso libre - Poetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter Who was Hernan Cortes (1485-1547)? What is he known as/for? - Was a very successful Spanish conquistador. Was governor and General Capitan of Nueva Española What did Hernan Cortes do to the indigenous people of the new world? -
- Took advantage
- Defeat Aztec Empire Cortés's spectacular success was rewarded by the crown with a _______________________, a mark of high honor - coat of arms This person leads Spanish soldiers with Tlaxcalan allies in the conquests of Jalisco,
Cristóbal de Olid He founded La Española in his first trip to the new world (today's Dominican Republic and Haiti) - Hernan Cortes
Palmas The name of each island. The Balearic islands are in the __________________ sea and include ____________, Menorca, and Ibiza. The capital is _____. - mediterranean Mallorca Palma de Mallorca What was the purpose of the Spanish Inquisition? - to discover and punish heretics, investigate crimes against the faith (including whichcraft, bigamy, blasphemy, and possession of forbidden books). What was the main MOTIVATION of the Spanish Inquisition? - To ensure the orthodoxy of Jewish and Muslim converts to Christianity. When was the Inquisition abolished? - 1834 Describe the results of Spanish American War. - Spain's defeat in this War was a major blow to the country's international prestige. In response, a group of Spanish intellectuals and writers known as the Generation of 1898 focused their energies on an analysis of the country's problems and destiny in an effort to promote a sense of national pride Describe Spanish Civil War (key players, start and end date, results) - Nationalists (Franco) VS Republicans (anarchists/communists/socialists) 1936 - Franco led campaign vs Repub's (start) 1939 (April 1)- War ended. Franco helped by Nazis&Italian fascists. Describe Spain Under Franco (Who were political prisoners? - Spain changed significantly=Political Franco Who supported his dictatorship? - Church and army supported him. Describe post-Franco Spain - Spanish: La Transición) refers to the restoration of democracy in Spain after the death of Francisco Franco in 1975. The transition began shortly after Franco's death on 20 November 1975, while its completion has been variously said to be marked by the Spanish Constitution of 1978, Isabel Allende (1942) - Chilean - American writer Don Quijote de la Mancha (Who wrote it? Why was it special? -
Written by: Miguel de Cervantes (Spain) First antirromance novel = demystifies knightly tradition. First "modern novel" or "polyphonic novel", What are the main topics/themes of Don Quijote? - Literary archetype, Love, Political What narrative techniques are used in Don Quijote de la Mancha? - prose SPANISH BAROQUE (What centuries did it span? Which authors are included in this period?) - 16th-17th centuries Miguel de Cervantes Lope de Vega Francisco de Quevedo What movement happened in the 18th century in Spanish Literature? - The Spanish Enlightenment What Spanish literary movements happened in the 19th century? - Romanticism, Realism, and Naturalism 20th Century Spanish literature is divided into two periods. They are: - The Silver Age (1898-1936) and Spanish Post-War Literature (1936-Today Lazarillo de Tormes (Who wrote it? What style of novel, and why is its style important? - By:Anonymous FIRST Picaresque Novel (it invented the genre) Written @ beginning of 16th Century What does picaresque refer to? What does it depict? - Genre of prose fiction. Depicts ADVENTURES of a ROGUISH HERO/heroine of LOW SOCIAL CLASS who lives by his or her WITS in a CORRUPT society. What are the 7 qualities of a picaresque novel? - 1st person Low social class No plot Little to no character
