1.) Even though we all realize the necessity of being policed, many of us still
harbor some resentment at being controlled.
2.) Although we commonly think of policing as a stable institution, police are
actually subject to what?
Rapid social and constant challenges
3.) Define the following terms
a.) Frankpledge system: An early form of English government that
divided communities into groups of 10 men who were responsible
for the group's conduct and ensured that a member charged with
breaking the law appeared in court.
b.) Constable-The head of law enforcement for large districts in early
England. In the modern United States, a constable serves areas
such as rural townships and is usually elected.
c.) Watch-and-ward system-An early English system overseen by the
constable in which a watchman guarded a city's or town's gates at
night.
d.) Hue and cry-In early England, the alarm that citizens were
required to raise upon the witness or discovery of a criminal
offense.
e.) Metropolitan police act :
4.) London, the bobbi The English tradition of law enforcement influenced
three enduring features professionalism of American policing
1. Limited police authority. As opposed to other European countries, the Anglo-
American tradition of policing emphasizes individual rights
2. Local control. Law enforcement agencies are, for the most part, local, city, or
We do have many state and federal law enforcement agencies, but they are
county institutions. The United States does not have a national police force.
control is highly centralized within the government. not like the national police
forces found in many parts of the world where
3. Fragmented system. The United States has more than 18,000 separate law
enforcement agencies, ranging from federal (FBI, Secret Service) to state
(highway patrol) to local (city police, county sheriff). These agencies are loosely
coordinated, and the state and local agencies have little federal oversight
5.) Early Policing in the United States Many differences between the United
States and England affected the development of their respective policing styles.
One was the lack of a single, coherent philosophy. Whereas the English police
were unified under the vision of Sir Robert Peel, local police in the United
States formed their own policies and procedures.
