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CRIM 1 - 6 Exam Questions And 1 00 % Correct Answers
states that the actor of a crime must achieve the result through his or her own effort - Answer causation requirement
Cesare Beccaria's work was governed by utilitarian principles - Answer false
scientists who study the criminal justice system are referred to as - Answer criminal justice specialists
research has revealed that society's reaction to lawbreaking has often been - Answer irrational
Criminal justice generally focuses on all of the following areas except- Answer crime
whose work was governed by utilitarian principles - Answer Jeremy Bentham
All law enforcement agencies in the United States are required to contribute information on crime in their jurisdictions to the FBI for the Uniform Crime Reports - Answer False
The life-course perspective argues that - Answer the frequency of criminal involvement depends on such social factors as economic situation, peer pressure and lifestyle.
All early societies imposed punishment for acts that were detrimental to their existence such as - Answer treason
which of the following programs was designed to address the disparity between goals and means in society - Answer Perry Preschool Project
Albert Bandura's term for violent or aggressive behaviors observed in others is - Answer modeling instigators
Members of ___________ gangs are described as double failures because they have not been successful in the legitimate world and have been equally unsuccessful in the illegitimate worlds of organized criminal activity and violence-oriented gangs. - Answer retreatist
suburban delinquent gangs typically adopt hand signals used by inner-city gangs - Answer true
Wolfgang and Ferracuti argue that in some subcultures behavior norms are dictated by a value system that demands the use of force or violence - True
According to Wolfgang and Ferracuti which of the following is true of subcultures - Violence is frequently an expected response
Mobilization for Youth (MOBY) was based on what theory? - Opportunity
The goal of _________ gangs is to gain a reputation for toughness and destructive violence. - Answer conflict
Miller's final focal concern, ____ stems from the lower-class person's resentment of external controls, whether parents, teachers, or police - Answer autonomy
Cloward and Ohlin maintain that the types of subcultures and of juvenile gangs that flourish within them depend on the type of neighborhood in which they develop. - Answer true
Which of the following type of gangs emerge in areas in which conventional and illegitimate values and behavior are integrated by a close connection of illegitimate and legitimate business According to Cloward and Ohlin - Answer criminal gangs
According to Cohen, delinquent subcultures emanate from all of the following except - Part of the answer: acceptance of violence as normal
The Wheel of Terrorism, which of the following is NOT a transnational crime of direct relevance to terrorism? Animal poaching
Criminology is best understood as the scientific study of - Answer the making of laws, the breaking of laws and society's reaction to the breaking of laws
ncesare lombroso argued that the "born criminal" was distinguishable from the noncriminal by - Answer activista stigmata
Raffaele Garofalo said the death penalty would eliminate maladapted members from society just as the natural selection process eliminated maladapted organisms - True
One of the first scholars to repudiate the free will doctrine of the classical school of thought were - Adolphe Quetelet and Michel Guerry
according to Emile Durkheim, one can construe an act is criminal when it offends or violates the - collective conscience
What type of data source suggests that gender differences in crime may be narrowing? - Answer self-report surveys
At the turn of the twentieth century criminal behavior was attributed to - Answer feeblemindedness
In order to learn how the causes of crime vary at different ages, Alfred Blumstein and his colleagues suggest that criminologists study - Answer criminal careers
What are some of the limitations of the National Crime Victimization Survey [NCVS]? -Answer include only seven offenses, data reported suffers from the fact that memories may fade over time and some individual variations in interviewing and recording style
occur which result in variation in the information recorded.
Gabriel Tarde formulated his theory of criminal behavior in terms of _____, principles that governed the process by which people became criminals. - Answer laws of imitation
states that the criminal act must be accompanied by an equally criminal mind - Answer concurrence requirement
which of the following statements is not true about the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)? - Answer it differentiates between completed acts and attempted acts
Which of the following transitional crimes is NOT associated with financing terrorism? - a. Destruction of cultural property
The somatype school of criminology identified three basic body types. Which of the following is NOT one of them? - a. The ascetic
The principal challenge to Lombrosian theory came with the work of - a. Charles Buckman Goring
self-report surveys reveal - Answer unrecorded offenders commit a wide variety of offenses, rather than specializing in one type of offense
is considered to be America's first forensic psychiatrist - Answer Isaac Ray
According to conflict theorists, the defining feature of all human life is - Answer a struggle for power
Physiognomy is the study of ____ and their relation to human behavior - Answer facial features
After World War II, somatyping fell out of favor because - Answer the approach seemed too close to eugenics
Eighty-five percent of prison inmates are blue-collar workers - Answer true
Which of the following somatypes does William Sheldon argue is most likely to become involved in antisocial activity - Answer the mesomorph
which of the following is a limitation of self-report surveys? - Answer lack validity
Part II offenses of the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) are excluded from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) for all of the following reasons except - Answer they are not that serious
Edwin H. Sutherland mandated that criminologists, like all other scientists, collect information for study and analysis in accordance with - Answer the research methods of modern science
Of the various contributions to modern sociology made by Emile Durkheim, perhaps the one most critical to his work is that of - Answer anomie
Activistic stigmata refers to, in the born criminal theory by Cesare Lombroso, - Answer physical characteristics of animal forms at an earlier stage in animal development before the forms became fully human
