Download CPH LATEST EXAM 2025|230 POSSIBLE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|GRADED A+ and more Exams Public Health in PDF only on Docsity!
CPH LATEST EXAM 2025|230 POSSIBLE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|GRADED A+
Many people do not attempt to decrease unhealthy behaviors such as overeating or smoking because they lack the confidence that they can successfully change. This is an example of: (A) Perceived susceptibility (B) Perceived severity (C) Perceived self-efficacy (D) Perceived response efficacy ANS:->>> C The construct of normative beliefs is from which model/theory? (A) Transtheoretical model (B) Theory of reasoned action/planned behavior (C) Social cognitive theory (D) Social ecological model ANS:->>> B Which of the following do social cognitive theory and the social ecological model have in common? (A) Both take into consideration factors that are within the individual and factors that operate outside the individual. (B) Both focus primarily on environmental determinants of behavior that
must be addressed at the policy level. (C) Both come out of the value expectancy paradigm that associates behaviors with valued outcomes. (D) Both originally were developed exclusively to explain unhealthy versus healthy behaviors. ANS:->>> A A population of rural women experiences a high rate of mortality related to breast cancer. Researchers at a local university implement a breast cancer screening intervention. This intervention is an example of: (A) Tertiary prevention(B) Advocacy (C) Secondary prevention (D) Primary prevention ANS:->>> C All intervention messages (printed, computer-delivered, or Internet- based) must: (A) Start with the most important information first (B) Include graphics, pictures, and the like to attract people's attention (C) Be written at a reading level suitable to the target population (D) Be no longer than four sentences so that the reader does not become bored ANS:->>> C Franklin's Grove is the county seat of Franklin County, a small rural county
life problems were related to limb amputation and kidney failure. Prevalent health problems included diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Which of the following behavioral factors are most likely responsible for the above health and quality-of-life issues in Franklin 's Grove? (A) Unprotected sex, early sexual initiation, use of drugs (B) Sedentary lifestyle, high caloric consumption, low fiber intake (C) Advanced age, low levels of education, history of racism (D) Frequent tobacco, drug, and alcohol us ANS:->>> B Franklin's Grove is the county seat of Franklin County, a small rural county in the Southeast. On the basis of its demographic and economic profile, it was selected as a health improvement zone to receive Federal funds to implement programs to improve progress toward reaching the national health objectives. Communities receiving such funds are charged with identifying the most significant gaps between the current health status and national health objectives and with putting programs in place to narrow such gaps. Given the factors presumed to be responsible for the major health problems in this scenario, what would be the best source for community planners to use to find dataon how widespread each behavioral factor is at the state or local level? (A) Healthy People 2010 midcourse review (B) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) (C) Community Guide to Preventive Services
(D) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report ANS:->>> B Franklin's Grove is the county seat of Franklin County, a small rural county in the Southeast. On the basis of its demographic and economic profile, it was selected as a health improvement zone to receive Federal funds to implement programs to improve progress toward reaching the national health objectives. Communities receiving such funds are charged with identifying the most significant gaps between the current health status and national health objectives and with putting programs in place to narrow such gaps. The Franklin County health program planners intend to keep close track of the number of programs and activities offered, the number of adults and children who participate in each program or activity, and all feedback given by community members about the programs and activities. These actions would most appropriately fit into which of the following evaluation categories? (A) Cost- effectiveness (B) Impact (C) Outcome (D) Process ANS:->>> D Which term refers to a collective body of individuals identified by geography, common interests, concerns, characteristics, or values? (A) Community
information and services in ways that advance health are called: (A) Medical informatics (B) Health literacy (C) Health education (D) Patient education ANS:->>> B Which of the following terms refers to a consumer-driven application of sales and promotional techniques to the analysis (including the review of background information and formative work), planning, implementation, and evaluation of programs designed to encourage positive health behaviors within intended audiences? (A) Health communication (B) Health promotion (C) Focus group testing (D) Social marketing ANS:->>> D Which of the following terms from the social cognitive theory refers to the dynamic interaction among the person, environment, and behavior? (A) Behavioral norms (B) Reciprocal determinism (C) Decisional balance (D) Bidirectional dependence ANS:->>> B
A community has high rates of HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs). Thecommunity council decides to legalize needle exchange programs in an effort to provide clean syringes to prevent the sharing of contaminated needles in drug-using networks. This type of program is an example of: (A) Harm reductions (B) Policy advocacy (C) Community organization (D) Behavior change ANS:->>> A Theory is defined as: (A) A branch of philosophy that deals with morality (B) A tested set of hypotheses listed in order of importance (C) A systematic relationship of constructs devised to analyze, predict, and otherwise explain the nature of behavior of a specified set of phenomena (D) A verified fact that the majority does not believe to be true ANS:->>> C Which of the following is not a construct from the Health Belief Model? (A) Susceptibility (B) Cues to action (C) Decisional balance (D) Barriers
objective (s) (C) Having a comparison group (D) Ensuring generalizability of program effects ANS:->>> C Which of the following is the best example of intrapersonal factors that affect an individual's behavior as outlined by the Social Ecological Model? (A) National laws and policies (B) Informal social networks (C) Personal knowledge or skills (D) Community partnerships ANS:->>> C Which of the following is not an example of a methodology used during a social assessment? (A) Process evaluation (B) Focus groups research (C) Delphi method (D) Survey administration ANS:->>> A Which of the following is not a principle/key concept in community organization and community building practice? (A) Critical consciousness and empowerment (B) Critical allocation of resources and sharing among
partners (C) Principle of relevance or "start where the people are" (D) Principle of participation ANS:->>> B When a person is healthy, without signs and symptoms of disease, illness, or injury, the level of prevention most appropriate would be: (A) Primary prevention (B) Secondary prevention (C) Tertiary prevention (D) No prevention level is needed ANS:->>> A In the planning process, the group being served is referred to as the: (A) Pilot population (B) Key informants (C) General population (D) Priority population ANS:->>> D The social marketing conceptual framework if known for its 4 P's and competition. Which of the following is not one of the 4 P's? (A) Price (B) Product
(A) Physician practice styles (B) Consumer preferences for high-cost services (C) Age of the population served (D) Health status of the population served ANS:->>> A Which of the following statements accurately describes the financing of health care in the United States? (A) Public health services represent approximately half of the total expenditures for health care (B) Health care expenditures as a percentage of GDP have remained stable within the range of 5%-8% since the 1970s (C) Medicare funds most of the services received by the elderly living in institutional long term care facilities (D) Medicaid is a Federal-State partnership which covers some health care and related services for low-income families with children and individuals who are elderly, blind and disabled ANS:->>> D Community rating basis for health insurance: (A) Automatically assigns lower rates to subscribers from disadvantaged communities (B) Allows community representatives to negotiate favorable rates (C) Spreads the risk across the pool of insured (D) Benefits financially the healthiest insured people who use the fewest services ANS:->>> C
According to Mintzberg, "the central purpose of structure [in an organization] is to": (A) Produce a high-quality product (B) Allow for the development of strategy based on the organization's mission, vision, and values (C) Provide the content for organization charts (D) Coordinate the work of the organization, which has been divided in a variety ofways ANS:->>> D Which of the following pairs of values are most likely to conflict during a response toa public health emergency? (A) Truth-telling versus justice (B) Beneficence versus justice (C) Individual autonomy versus community welfare (D) Community welfare versus justice ANS:->>> C Executive managers in a not-for-profit health care organization have an obligation to: (A) Maximize return for their stockholders (B) Increase revenues annually (C) Be prudent stewards of the community's assets (D) Avoid earning any net income, i.e., profits ANS:->>> C
(C) Privacy (D) Justice ANS:->>> B The "police powers" that public officials rely on to enforce compliance with public health standards and interventions are based on: (A) Explicit language in the U.S. Constitution (B) Inferences about the government's obligation to protect the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens (C) Inferences from the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization (RICO) Act legislation (D) Presidential executive orders ANS:->>> B Which of the following is likely to be a major obstacle to community readiness for apublic health emergency such as an act of bioterrorism? (A) People no longer feel anxiety about the risks of bioterrorism (B) The average person has faith that public officials are competent to handle such threats (C) The consequences of the anthrax-letter threat following 9/11 were far less serious than anticipated (D) Individuals are unsure about the practical actions to take to protect themselves and their families ANS:->>> D Which of the following terms is defined as "the systematic determination of certain risks to a population incident to a disaster"?
(A) Baseline data evaluation (B) Risk communication (C) Vulnerability assessment (D) Biohazard analysis ANS:->>> C Which of the following is not a true statement about the policy-making process? (A) A policy is a blueprint for action relevant to some area of public concern (B) Policy-making often occurs in the absence of complete information about all relevant variables (C) Only experts trained in public policy have a meaningful role to play in policy development (D) Policies as enacted often reflect compromises among key players with conflicting interests ANS:->>> C A health policy that is implemented within a representative democracy with separation of powers at all governmental levels and that is characterized by the presence of well-funded interest groups: (A) Will reflect the preferences of the majority of citizens (B) Must be based on the best scientific evidence available (C) Will represent a compromise among multiple and competing interests (D) Is doomed to failure ANS:->>> C
(C) Liquidity will allow the HCO to cover its short-term obligations and unexpected cash demands. (D) All HCO competitors have liquidity. ANS:->>> C Which of the following best characterizes the "iron triangle" logic of U.S. health care policy goals? (A) Making necessary tradeoffs to achieve acceptable levels of quality of and access to health services while insuring profitability for health care providers (B) Making necessary tradeoffs to achieve acceptable quality of and access to health services while controlling cost (C) Maintaining highest quality of and full access to services regardless of cost (D) Providing highest quality of services to all who can afford to pay and rationing services for those who cannot. ANS:->>> B Which of the following statements best characterizes a progressive employee discipline process? (A) The discipline process is structured as a staged series of increasingly severe responses to chronic violations of accepted rules of behavior. (B) The punishment must fit the crime. (C) Discipline is not considered relevant in the modern health care organization. (D) Progressive discipline allows the employee to exercise immunity for the first violation of the code of conduct. ANS:->>> A The primary disadvantage of incremental program
budgeting is: (A) It makes comparison from one year to the next difficult (B) It requires the justification of all dollars allocated (C) It requires far more time and effort than zero-based budgeting (ZBB) (D) It may not reflect the current programmatic priorities of the organization ANS:->>> D The four P's of marketing health services include: (A) Product, promotion, prestige, and planning (B) Product, place, promotion, and pragmatism (C) Product, price, place, and promotion (D) Product, price, precision, and promotion (E) Personnel, promotion, price, and place ANS:->>> C An example of backward vertical integration by an academic medical center is: (A) Offering a managed care health plan (B) Establishing a skilled nursing unit within the hospital (C) Acquiring an established home health agency (D) Taking over a smaller, faith-based health care system ANS:->>> A Which of the following is an expected benefit of consolidating independent
