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Correlation vs Causation: Why the Media gets it wrong, Summaries of Reasoning

Causation indicates that the occurrence of one event has caused the occurrence of a second event. ○ These two events also happen at the same time, but there is ...

Typology: Summaries

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Correlation vs Causation:
Why the Media gets it wrong
Rebecca Barter
Department of Statistics
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Correlation vs Causation:

Why the Media gets it wrong

Rebecca Barter Department of Statistics

Human causal reasoning

http://img-see.com/children-asking-questions-images.html

What are correlation and causation?

Correlation indicates a relationship between two events. ○ For example, these two events tend to happen at the same time. ● Causation indicates that the occurrence of one event has caused the occurrence of a second event. ○ These two events also happen at the same time, but there is a causal mechanism!

What are correlation and causation?

Correlation indicates a relationship between two events. ○ For example, these two events tend to happen at the same time. ● Causation indicates that the occurrence of one event has caused the occurrence of a second event. ○ These two events also happen at the same time, but there is a causal mechanism!

Correlation does not imply causation!

Correlation or causation?

Ice cream causes shark

attacks!!

Correlation or causation?

On hot days, people eat more ice cream

and spend more time in the ocean.

Check out this media report

The original JAMA research paper

Here’s another example...

Here’s another example… the original research paper

I could go on for days...

I could go on for days...

Smoking causes lung cancer?

The first solid epidemiological evidence, 1950s