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Understanding Similarities & Differences in Organisms: Convergent & Divergent Evolution, Study notes of Evolutionary biology

The concepts of convergent and divergent evolution through the examination of various organisms. Students will define the terms, identify similarities and differences between species, and discuss the factors influencing their appearance and behavior. images of a hummingbird, hummingbird moth, salmon, and dolphin, as well as a discussion on convergent evolution and divergent evolution with examples.

Typology: Study notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

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Name: __________________________________
Convergent & Divergent Evolution
1. In your own words, define the words converge, and diverge.
Converge: __________________________________________________________
Diverge: ___________________________________________________________
2. Next, examine the image of the humming bird, and humming bird moth and answer the following questions:
A. Describe, in a list, all of the SIMILARITIES that you see between the bird and moth.
B. Are birds and insects (like this moth) closely related groups of organisms? Explain.
3. Next, examine the image of the salmon, and dolphin on your table, and answer the following questions:
A. Describe all of the SIMILARITIES that you see between the salmon and dolphin.
B. Are dolphins and fish closely related groups of organisms? Explain.
4. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION explains the patterns that you saw with the organisms on the previous page. Write
a definition for convergent evolution below.
5. Why do certain species of organisms look/behave similar to other organisms, despite the fact that the two species
are not closely related at all?
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Name: __________________________________

Convergent & Divergent Evolution

  1. In your own words, define the words converge , and diverge.

Converge: __________________________________________________________

Diverge: ___________________________________________________________

  1. Next, examine the image of the humming bird, and humming bird moth and answer the following questions:

A. Describe, in a list, all of the SIMILARITIES that you see between the bird and moth.

B. Are birds and insects (like this moth) closely related groups of organisms? Explain.

  1. Next, examine the image of the salmon, and dolphin on your table, and answer the following questions:

A. Describe all of the SIMILARITIES that you see between the salmon and dolphin.

B. Are dolphins and fish closely related groups of organisms? Explain.

  1. CONVERGENT EVOLUTION explains the patterns that you saw with the organisms on the previous page. Write a definition for convergent evolution below.
  2. Why do certain species of organisms look/behave similar to other organisms, despite the fact that the two species are not closely related at all?
  1. DIVERGENT EVOLUTION works in the opposite way that convergent evolution works. In other words, divergent evolution occurs when species that are closely related to one another have differences in appearance or behavior.

If you look at the graphic of mammals you can see that mammals vary greatly in size, shape, color, and behavior. Yet, despite looking very different, all mammals are a relatively closely related category of animals. The fossil record suggests that the first mammal appeared only recently (220 million years ago).

What causes closely related species to look so different (hint: what factors influence the appearance of organisms)?

Provide at least two more examples of divergent evolution (research examples only after you've tried to come up with some with your lab group first.

Materials (continued): Convergent Evolution

Salmon

Dolphin

Materials (continued):

Divergent Evolution

Some mammals