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BP increases with age, ‘between SBP and DBP) 4 Family history and physiologic \ / —> Ses ‘co-morbidities African Americans are at @ \ b higher risk than Caucasians Obesity, a sedentary lifestyle and stress, t Mcteneearat Smoking, alcohol, high-fat & high-sodium diets, Feetors —\. individuals with elevated \ | K+ Rich & Low Nat Diet lipid panels are also at a higher level of risk. Normal Values: Hypertension i Systolic = <120 mmHg «the elevation of the Dystolic = <80 mmHg ic Angiotensin Il Receptor Blockers Examples: Lodartan, Valsartan, Olmesartan & Irbesartan Beta Blockers reat several different types of conditions, including ‘—) hypertension (high blood pressure}, angina, some abnormal heart rhythms, heart attack (myocardial infarction), anxiety, migr glaucoma, and overactive thyroid symptoms. ~—? _ Examples: Metoprojol, Atenolol, Carvedilol, abetalol Thiazide Diuretics ‘The thiazides are the most commonly used oral diuretics and are widely used in the therapy of hypertension and congestive heart failure, as well as the treatment of edema due to local, renal and hepatic causes. Examples: Hydrochlorthiazide (HCTZ), Acetazolamide, Methazolamide ACE Inhibitors ‘Can be used as initial monotherapy for simple HTN in older patients, especially men Generally well tolerated (except for cough) No adverse CNS or metabolic effects Renin Inhibitors Well suited to patients with diabetes and those with LV Direct renin inhibitors block the enzyme renin from systolic dysfunction ‘triggering a process that helps regulate blood pressure. c Re arene tied weceete etic ares wien, iad | Calcium Channel Antagonist {t easier for blood to flow through the vessels, which lowers blood pressure. = Reduce peripheral vascular resistance; No adverse CNS or Example: Aliskiren | metabolic effects An option for second-line therapy, generally with a thiazide-type diuretic Use at low doses (pharmacokinetics change with advancing age) Do not use short- acting CCAs to treat HTN 
