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To calculate the molarity of a solution, divide the moles of solute by the volume of the solution. Remember that volume is ALWAYS in LITERS! Page 3. Molarity ...
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Molarity ( M ) is the number of moles of solute
dissolved in one liter of solution.
L
mol M
(0.125mol)149.89g
x 0.125_mol_NaI
0.250L
0.5M x
Making a Dilute Solution
a) To prepare 100 ml of 0.40 M MgSO 4 from a stock solution of 2.0 M MgSO 4 , a student first measures 20 mL of the stock solution with a 20-mL pipet. b) She then transfers the 20 mL to a 100-mL volumetric flask. c) Finally she carefully adds water to the mark to make 100 mL of solution.
buret
graduated cylinder
volumetric flask
pipette
Colligative Properties of Solutions
a) In a pure solvent, equilibrium is established between the liquid and the vapor. b) In a solution, solute particles reduce the number of free solvent particles able to escape the liquid. Equilibrium is established at a lower vapor pressure.
Vapor pressure lowering--The decrease in a solution’s vapor pressure is proportional to the number of particles the solute makes in solution.
a) Three moles of glucose dissolved in water produce 3 mol of particles because glucose does not dissociate.
b) Three moles of sodium chloride dissolved in water produce 6 mol of particles because each formula unit of NaCl dissociates into two ions.
3 moles Na+ and 3 moles Cl-
