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Comprehensive Guide to Antibiotic Pharmacology and Interactions, Exams of Nursing

A detailed overview of various antibiotics, their mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and drug interactions. It covers key topics such as the treatment of mrsa infections, the risks associated with tetracycline and calcium/dairy products, the serious adverse effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethazole, the interaction between warfarin and certain antibiotics, the risks of using fluoroquinolones, the causes of c. Difficile infection, and the contraindications and precautions for different antibiotic classes. The document also addresses antibiotic resistance, the treatment of utis in pregnant women, and the mechanisms of action of antiviral drugs. This comprehensive resource would be valuable for healthcare professionals, pharmacy students, and anyone interested in understanding the complexities of antibiotic pharmacology.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 08/16/2024

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PC707 Module 2 Questions | 100% Correct
Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version
Which antibiotic is the drug of choice for MRSA - ✔✔Beta-lactam antibiotic
What is the first step in treating a MRSA Abscess? - ✔✔I&D with culture followed by CDC gold standard
resource for plan of care and abx selection if necessary
What is the risk of using tetracycline and calcium/dairy products? - ✔✔Chelate formation from the
calsium
What abx is associated with serious adverse effects of hyperkalemia? - ✔✔Trimethoprim-sulfamethazole
Trimethoprim-sulfamethazole plus this med increases risk of hyperkalemia and sudden cardiac death? -
✔✔ACE Inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker
Most serious Warfarin/drug interaction - ✔✔Trimethoprim-Sulfamethazole will increase INR and risk
bleeding
These drugs increase INR in pts taking warfarin - ✔✔TMP-SMX, erythromycin, fluconazole, ketoconazole,
itraconazole, metronizadole
Simvastatin or Lovestatin are HMG-CoA ihibitors metabolyzed by CYP3A4 system and should not be
taking with what drug? - ✔✔Biaxin (clarithromycin)
Clarithrymycin interacts with these drugs to cause severe kidney injury - ✔✔Calcium Channel blockers
Fluoroquinolone/levofoxacin (Levaquin) can cause tendon rupture in what patients? - ✔✔Over 60, with
corticosteroids, organ transplant patients.
Risk factors for development of antibiotic resistant Otitis Media - ✔✔Day care, less than 2 years old, abx
in last 3 mths, winter/spring, local resistance pattern via antibiogram
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PC707 Module 2 Questions | 100% Correct

Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version

Which antibiotic is the drug of choice for MRSA - ✔✔Beta-lactam antibiotic What is the first step in treating a MRSA Abscess? - ✔✔I&D with culture followed by CDC gold standard resource for plan of care and abx selection if necessary What is the risk of using tetracycline and calcium/dairy products? - ✔✔Chelate formation from the calsium What abx is associated with serious adverse effects of hyperkalemia? - ✔✔Trimethoprim-sulfamethazole Trimethoprim-sulfamethazole plus this med increases risk of hyperkalemia and sudden cardiac death? - ✔✔ACE Inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker Most serious Warfarin/drug interaction - ✔✔Trimethoprim-Sulfamethazole will increase INR and risk bleeding These drugs increase INR in pts taking warfarin - ✔✔TMP-SMX, erythromycin, fluconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, metronizadole Simvastatin or Lovestatin are HMG-CoA ihibitors metabolyzed by CYP3A4 system and should not be taking with what drug? - ✔✔Biaxin (clarithromycin) Clarithrymycin interacts with these drugs to cause severe kidney injury - ✔✔Calcium Channel blockers Fluoroquinolone/levofoxacin (Levaquin) can cause tendon rupture in what patients? - ✔✔Over 60, with corticosteroids, organ transplant patients. Risk factors for development of antibiotic resistant Otitis Media - ✔✔Day care, less than 2 years old, abx in last 3 mths, winter/spring, local resistance pattern via antibiogram

Gram Positive Pathogens - ✔✔1. Staph, 2. Strep, 3. Enterococci Why does C.Diff result? - ✔✔C. Diff colonizing the normal gut flora resulting in toxin release Four abx that cause C.Diff - ✔✔1. Imipenem,

  1. Ceftazidime,
  2. clindamycin,
  3. moxifloxacin Tx of choice for mild/mod c. Dif - ✔✔Metronidazole 500mg PO TID x 10-14 days Tx of choice for severe C. Diff - ✔✔oral Vanco fluroquinolines are bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal - ✔✔bacteriocidal black box warning: fluroquinolones - ✔✔Tendon Rupture (also warn for CNS pathology and warning or lowering seizure threshold) Macrolids precautions/contraindications - ✔✔ototoxicity, prolong QT interval, mycin drug to drug interactions Tetracyclines contraindications - ✔✔Pregnancy or children under 8 due to calcium binding in bones (growth restriction in utero) and teeth causing bone growth issues or bone/teeth discoloration Tetracyclines commonly used to treat - ✔✔chlamydia, tick diseases Tetracycline teaching points - ✔✔photosensitivity, decreases effectivieness of oral contraceptives, space metal rich foods/drinks due to chelation sulfonamide precautions - ✔✔uric acid kidney stones, gout, can prevent elimination of uric acid

If your patient is betalactram resistant you should prescribe - ✔✔3rd generation cephalosporin or extended spectrum pcn antivirals work by - ✔✔blocking entry into cells and preventing reproduction and viral shedding Many HIV patients have interactions with which drug - ✔✔sulfa drugs Antifungal "azoles" contraindication - ✔✔Statin drugs but not vaginal miconazole or flagyl (metonidazole). QT prolongation drugs lengthy fungal tx with azoles can cause - ✔✔hepatotoxicity with long term tx which is usual