COMPREHENSIVE EXAM BIOS255 LATEST WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS, Exams of Nursing

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1. What is homeostasis ns The process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment. 2. What does homeostasis involve Ans control systems that keep your internal envi- ronment roughly constant with certain limits 3. Why is it vital to keep your internal evironment constant Ans to keep cells functioning normally and to prevent damage 4. What are the three key things that are important to maintain Ans temperature ph and glucose 5. Why is it important to maintain body temp Ans if temp becomes to high enzymes become dennatured. Enzymes molecules vibrate too much and the H bonds that hold their 3D shape break changing the shape of the active site so enzyme can no longer work as a catalyst. Therefore metabollic reactions are less efficient. 6. Why is it important to maintain blood PH Ans if blood ph is too high or low enzymes become dennatured. The H bonds are effected and the 3D shape is changed changing the shape of the active site meaning the enzyme no longer works as a catalyst. Therefore metabollic reactions are less efficient. 7. What is the optimum PH Ans usually 7 but in the stomach its lower 8. Why is it important to maintain blood glucose Ans If blood glucose conc is too high then water potential of blood = reducedso water molecules diffuse out of cells and into blood by osmosis. This causes the cells to shrivel up and die. If glucose is too low cells= unable to carry out normal activities as theere isnt enough glucose for respiration to provide energy. 9. What do homeostatic Systems do Ans detect a change and respond by negative feedback 10. What does the homeostatic system involve Ans receptors a coomunication sys- tem and effectors 11. What is negative feedback Ans the mechanism that restores the level to normal receptors detect whether the levels of something are too high the nervous system or hormonal system send info to the effectors and the effectors respond to counteract the change 12. Where does negative feedback work Ans within certain limits if the change is too big the effectors wont be able to counteract it 13. What do multiple negative feeback mechanisms do Ans give more control 14. Why does homeostasis involve multiple negative feedback mechanisms Ans - to control each thing because more than one mechanism gives more control over the changes in the internal environment 15. Why have multiple negative feedback mechanisms Ans to actively increase or decrease a level so it returns to normal 2/3