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Health and Disease I Exam Questions - MD201, NUI Galway, Summer 2011, Exams of Public Health

Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur UniversityPublic Health

Examination questions for the health and disease i course in the md201 program at the national university of ireland, galway. The questions cover topics in pathology, microbiology, public health, and a case study of community-acquired pneumonia. Students are required to answer questions from various sections, including a, b, c, and d, using separate answer books. The exam lasts for 3 hours and is overseen by several professors.

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Uploaded on 11/30/2012

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Ollscoill na hEireann, Gaillimh
National University of Ireland, Galway
Examination Summer 2011
Second Medical –2MB
Health and Disease I – MD201
Answer 5 questions including
Two from section A and One each from sections B, C and D
Use SEPARATE ANSWER BOOKS for EACH QUESTION
Time allowed: 3 hours
Dr. R.. McMahon, Professor G. Callagy, Dr. R. Flavin, Dr. S. Gupta,
Dr. T. Wee Boo, Dr. D. Morris, Dr. D. O’Donavan
Section A: Pathology
1. Answer all of the following:
(a) Discuss the causes and consequences of deep venous thrombosis in a 60 year old male
(b) Discuss the complications of hypertension
(c) Discuss complications of myocardial infarction
2. Answer all of the following:
(a) Discuss the risk factors for atherosclerosis
(b) Discuss the causes and the sequence of events during acute inflammation. Which step
in this process is blocked by anti-histamines?
(c) Cancer is a multiple-step process. Discuss this statement giving examples of
oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes
Section B: Microbiology
3. Write short notes on all of the following:
(a) Laboratory methods, with examples, for diagnosing viral infections
(b) Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis andthe prevention of its transmission in
the hospital setting
(c) Epidemiology, aetiology and clinical features of typhoid fever
pf3

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Ollscoill na hEireann, Gaillimh National University of Ireland, Galway Examination Summer 2011 Second Medical –2MB Health and Disease I – MD

Answer 5 questions including

Two from section A and One each from sections B, C and D

Use SEPARATE ANSWER BOOKS for EACH QUESTION

Time allowed: 3 hours Dr. R.. McMahon, Professor G. Callagy, Dr. R. Flavin, Dr. S. Gupta, Dr. T. Wee Boo, Dr. D. Morris, Dr. D. O’Donavan Section A: Pathology

  1. Answer all of the following: (a) Discuss the causes and consequences of deep venous thrombosis in a 60 year old male (b) Discuss the complications of hypertension (c) Discuss complications of myocardial infarction
  2. Answer all of the following: (a) Discuss the risk factors for atherosclerosis (b) Discuss the causes and the sequence of events during acute inflammation. Which step in this process is blocked by anti-histamines? (c) Cancer is a multiple-step process. Discuss this statement giving examples of oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes Section B: Microbiology
  3. Write short notes on all of the following: (a) Laboratory methods, with examples, for diagnosing viral infections (b) Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the prevention of its transmission in the hospital setting (c) Epidemiology, aetiology and clinical features of typhoid fever

Section C: Public Health & Health promotion

  1. Write short notes on all of the following. Illustrate your answer with examples and relevant literature: (a) The relationship between income inequality and health (b) Surveillance of notifiable diseases (c) The WHO framework convention on tobacco control Section D Read the question through carefully before answering. This will help you to avoid giving a great deal of information in answer to an early part of the

question which you will subsequently repeat in a later part of the question

Marks for each part given in italics (out of 100)

  1. In mid-January 2011, a 78 year-old female patient presented to her general practitioner (GP) with a one-week history of cough productive of purulent sputum, increasing shortness of breath, intermittent chills and fever. She also gave a vague history of gradual loss of appetite, some weight loss and occasional night sweats for a few months. She was visited by her two grandchildren a week ago, and recalled that they had ‘runny noses’. Her past history included osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, partial gastrectomy for peptic ulcer disease, and hysterectomy. She smoked 20 cigarettes daily for the past 40 years but did not consume alcohol. She was a widow who lived alone with her dog and two budgies. She had no recent travel history. On examination, she was cachectic and pale. Diffuse wheezes were detected on lung auscultation, along with decreased air entry and crackles in the right lung base. Her GP made a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia and prescribed a 7-day course of an antibiotic for her. (a) In what ways can pneumonia be further classified? (5) (b) List five common bacterial causes of community-acquired pneumonia. For each organism, list one antibiotic that can be used for chest infections caused by it. (10) (c) What causes of community-acquired pneumonia are there, other than those already listed in (b) above? Include any risk factors that are associated with each of the organisms. (15) Her symptoms persisted after the completion of the course of antibiotics. Her GP prescribed a second course of treatment with a different antibiotic. Unfortunately, little clinical improvement was achieved at the end of the second treatment course. (d) List four possible reasons for the non-resolution of her symptoms. (10)