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Terms and Definitions in the Study of World Religions, Quizzes of Introduction to Philosophy

Definitions and key terms related to various world religions, including christianity, buddhism, taoism, confucianism, judaism, and islam. Topics covered include the founders, fundamental beliefs, practices, and significant texts of each religion. This document serves as a useful resource for students and scholars of religious studies.

Typology: Quizzes

2010/2011

Uploaded on 12/15/2011

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TERM 1
Founder of
Christianity
DEFINITION 1
Jesus- Joshua (hebrew) meaning savior
"Christ"- meaninganointedone or mesiah
Jesus and the 12 disciples began as a cult and developed
into a sect
Crucified by Rome
TERM 2
Founder of Buddhism
DEFINITION 2
Prince Siddhartha Gautama of Sakyas (the Budha)
"Budh" meaning awake
Died by eating bad, dry boars meat (thankful because he
can enter nervana)
TERM 3
Four Passing Sites
DEFINITION 3
Old Man
Sick Man
Dead Man
Monk
TERM 4
Four Noble Truths
DEFINITION 4
Life is suffering
The cause of suffering is desire
To end suffering, avoid desires
To avoid desires follow the 8 fold path
TERM 5
The 8 fold path
DEFINITION 5
Right View
Right Intention
Right Speech
Right Action
Right Livelihood
Right Effort
Right Mindfulness
Right Concentration
* Middle way between path of desire and path of renunciation
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Founder of

Christianity

Jesus- Joshua (hebrew) meaning savior "Christ"- meaninganointedone or mesiah Jesus and the 12 disciples began as a cult and developed into a sect Crucified by Rome TERM 2

Founder of Buddhism

DEFINITION 2 Prince Siddhartha Gautama of Sakyas (the Budha) "Budh" meaning awake Died by eating bad, dry boars meat (thankful because he can enter nervana) TERM 3

Four Passing Sites

DEFINITION 3 Old Man Sick Man Dead Man Monk TERM 4

Four Noble Truths

DEFINITION 4 Life is suffering The cause of suffering is desire To end suffering, avoid desires To avoid desires follow the 8 fold path TERM 5

The 8 fold path

DEFINITION 5 Right View Right Intention Right Speech Right Action Right Livelihood Right Effort Right Mindfulness Right Concentration

  • Middle way between path of desire and path of renunciation

Three Jewels of the Budha (refuges)

Refuge in the Buddha Refuge in the Dharma (teachings) Refuge in the Sangha (community of monks) TERM 7

3 Marks of Existence

DEFINITION 7 Impermanence-anica Existence in suffering (dukkha) No soul or atman *No sense of fixed identity, nothing lasts. TERM 8

Mahayana

DEFINITION 8 Great Raft TERM 9

Theravada

DEFINITION 9 Little Raft TERM 10

Nervana

DEFINITION 10 To cool by blowing.Release of greed, hatred, and delusion.Buddha says it isunimaginable.

Five Fundamental Relationahips

Children look up to their parents Wife looks up to husband Younger sibling looks up to older sibling Younger friend looks up to older fried Subject looks up to ruler *All must be worthy to look up to TERM 17

Founder of Judaism

DEFINITION 17 Archaic (no founder) TERM 18

Four Types of Hebrew Literature

DEFINITION 18 Pentateuch/Torah- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus,Deuteronomy Historical Books-Joshua through Esther Poetry & Wisdom-Job, Psalms, Song of Songs Prophetic writings TERM 19

Four threads of authorship in the Torah

DEFINITION 19 J= Jahwist E= Elohist D= Deuteronnomist P= Priestly TERM 20

613 Commandments

DEFINITION 20 Jewish-365 prohibitions (1 per day)-248 positive (1 for each limb of the human body)

Four Gospels in order

Matthew 70 C.E.Mark 65 C.E.Luke 70 C.E.John 90 C.E. TERM 22

Five Modes of Truth

DEFINITION 22 Conventional- common knowledge Correspondence- proposition correctly refers to reality Coherence- relationship between facts, ideas, experiences and beliefs Contextual- Appear to be true depending on context Alethia- revelation, a light comes on TERM 23

Five Pillars of Islam

DEFINITION 23 Shahadah- Unity of God/ Confessions of faith Prayer/Salat- 5x day, washing before Charity/Alms- 2 1/2% of everything Fasting/Ramadan- Birth of Qur'an, sundown meal Pilgrimidge/Hadj to Mecca TERM 24

3 Main branches of

Christianity

DEFINITION 24 Roman CatholicEastern OrthodoxProtestant TERM 25

Founder of Islam

DEFINITION 25 Mohammed, meaning "highly praised" Born in 570 C.E. in Mecca

Jewish Tetragrammaton

YHWHI am who I am becoming. TERM 32

Smith's two parts of the Comparative Study of

Religion

DEFINITION 32 History of religion/religions Comparing of other truths TERM 33

Founder of Hinduism

DEFINITION 33 No founder (archaic)