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Commercial Pilot Oral Study Set
Questions & Answers with 100% Correct
Answers | Verified | Updated 202 5
What privileges apply to a commercial pilot? - ✔✔
- Carrying persons or property for compensation or hire
- For compensation or hire Part 61 states that you may be paid for acting a PIC of an aircraft engaged in carrying person or property for compensation or hire. Part 61 does not mention that if acting totally by yourself, you could be.... - ✔✔considered a commercial operator, and as such, be subject to different regulations Does a commercial pilot certificate by itself allow you act as a commercial operator? What does it do? - ✔✔No; it only allows you to work for a commercial operator and be paid for your service, with certain exceptions As a commercial pilot, certain commercial operations are allowed without being in possession of an "operating certificate", examples are what? - ✔✔student instruction, sightseeing flights, ferry or training flights, aerial work, crop dusting, banner towing, aerial photography, powerline or pipline patrol As a commercial pilot, where are the certain commercial operations allowed actually listed?
- Which reg? - ✔✔14 CFR 119.
What is Part 125 - ✔✔Certification and Operations: Airplanes having a seating capacity of 20 or more passengers or a maximum payload capacity of 6,000 pounds or more What is part 135 - ✔✔Operating Requirements: Commuter and On-Demand Operations What is Part 137 - ✔✔Agricultural Aircraft Operations What limitations is imposed on a newly certified commercial airplane pilot if that person does not hold an instrument rating? - ✔✔1) The carriage of passengers for hire in airplanes on cross-country flights in excess of 50 Nautical Miles
- The carriage of passengers for hire in airplanes at night To act as a required pilot flight crewmember of a civil aircraft, what must a pilot have in his/hers physical possession or readily accessible in the aircraft? - ✔✔1) Pilot certificate
- Photo identification
- Medical Certificate If a certified pilot changes his/her mailing address and fails to notify the FAA Airman Certification branch of the new address, the pilot is entitled to exercise the privileges of the pilot certificate for what period of time? - ✔✔30 days after the date of the move
If a pilot certificate were accidentally lost or destroyed, a pilot could continue to exercise privileges of that certificate provided he/she follows specific procedure? - ✔✔1) Replacement application
- obtain a facsimile from the FAA confirming that it was issued (good for 60 days) To act as pilot in command of a high performance aircraft, which flight experience requirement must be met? - ✔✔1) 200 Horsepower or more engine
- Logged ground and flight training in the high performance plane/sim
- Been found proficient
- Received a one-time endorsement What is the definition of a complex airplane, and what is required to act as PIC of a complex airplane? - ✔✔1) Retractable landing gear, controllable pitch propeller
- logged ground training in a complex airplane or sim
- Been found proficient
- Received a one-time endorsement To act as pilot-in-command of a pressurized aircraft, what flight regulation describes the experience requirements? - ✔✔14 CFR 61. To act as pilot in command of a tailwheel airplane, what flight experience requirements must be met? - ✔✔1) Logged training
- Endorsement
Can a commercial pilot carry pilot carry passengers in a restricted limited or experimental category aircraft? - ✔✔No When may a commercial pilot log flight time as second in command? - ✔✔1) Occupies a crewmember station in an aircraft that requires more than one pilot by the aircraft type certificate
- Holds the appropriate category, class, and instrument rating for the aircraft being flown and more than one pilot is required under the type certification You are currently en route to your destination and the sun has set. When can you begin logging flight time as "night" flight time? - ✔✔time between the end of evening civil twilight and the beginning of morning civil twilight What are the requirements to remain current as a commercial pilot? - ✔✔1) Bi-annual flight review
- passengers(same as private privileges) What class of medical certificate is require for commercial pilots? - ✔✔2nd class medical What is the duration of a second class medical certificate for operations requiring a commercial pilot certificate? - ✔✔expires at the end of the last day of the 12th month after the month of the examination date
Is a commercial pilot required to log all flight time? - ✔✔Yes What documents are required on board an aircraft prior to flight? - ✔✔ARROW Airworthiness Certificate Registration Certificate Operating Limitations(POH) Weight and Balance Data Which documents, required on board an aircraft, must be displaned in such a way so as to be visible by both passengers and crew? - ✔✔Airworthiness Certificate Are the aircraft and engine logbooks required to be carried on board an aircraft? - ✔✔No; keep them safe! How can a pilot determine if his/hers aircraft is equipped with a Mode C altitude encoding transponder? - ✔✔referencing the current weight and balance equipment list; ensure Mode C is installed If the Airworthiness Certificate says an aircraft is a NORMAL CATEGORY than what significance does this have? - ✔✔Aircraft structural capable of withstanding a load factor of 3.8 Gs without structural failure. Applicable to aircraft intended for non-aerobatic operation.
Tachometer for each engine Oil pressure gauge for each engine Temperature gauge for each liquid-cooled engine Oil temperature gauge for each air cooled engine Manifold pressure gauge for each altitude engine Fuel gauge for each tank landing gear position indicator Aviation red or white anti-collision lights Flotation gear(if over water) Safety belts for occupants over two years Shoulder harness for each front seat if made after 1978 ELT What instruments and equipment are required for VFR night flight? - ✔✔Instruments and equipment required for VFR day flight Position lights aviation red or white anti-collision lights If for hire, one electric landing light Adequate source of electrical energy One spare set of fuses, or three spare fuses of each kind required that are accessible to the Pilot Who is responsible for ensuring that an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition? - ✔✔Owner or operator
After aircraft inspections have been made and defects have been repaired, who is responsible for determining that the aircraft is in an airworthy condition? - ✔✔PIC Can you legally flight an aircraft that has an inoperative flap position indicator? - ✔✔No, unless operations are conducted under 14CFR 91. Can an aircraft operator allow flight operations to be conducted in an aircraft with known inoperative equipment? - ✔✔1) Ops of aircraft with a minimum equipment list (MEL) is allowed 2) Ops of aircraft without a MEL under 14CFR 91. What are the minimum equipment lists? - ✔✔precise listing equipment and procedures that allows an aircraft to be operate under specific conditions with inoperative equipment. How long is an Airworthiness Certificate valid for? - ✔✔As long as all the maintenance and repairs are done in accordance with Part 43 and 91 Does an aircraft registration certificate have an expiration date? - ✔✔expires three years after the last date of the month it was issued What are the required maintenance inspections for an aircraft? - ✔✔AVIATE-P Annual
What type of weather briefings are available from an FSS briefer? - ✔✔Standard, abbreviated, outlook(departure time of 6+ hours away, planning only), and inflight, What is EFAS? - ✔✔Flight Watch: 122.0 from 50000 AGL to 17,500 FT MSL What is HIWAS? - ✔✔Continuous broadcast of in-flight wx advisories NAVAIDS and HIWAS capability are depicted on a sectional by an "H" in the upper right corner of the identification box How long are TAF's good for? - ✔✔24 hours What is a Convective Sigmet? - ✔✔severe or greater turbulence, severe icing, and lo-level wind shear, or convective conditions that my be hazardous to all categories of aircraft What is a SIGMET? - ✔✔non-convective weather that is potentially hazardous to all aircraft, maximum forecast period is 4 hours What is an AIRMET? - ✔✔weather phenomena that describes conditions at intensities lower than those which require issuance of SIGMETS. They are isued every 6 hours. IFR, mountain obscurations, turbulence, strong surface winds, icing, freezing levels
What are the different types of AIRMETS? - ✔✔1) Sierra: IFR conditions and or extensive mountain obscurations
- Tango: moderate turbulence, sustained surface winds of 30 knots or greater, and or non- convective low-level wind shear
- Zulu: moderate icing and provides freezing level heights What is a winds and temperature aloft forecast? - ✔✔For specific locations in the U.S.. They are issued 4 times daily. What valuable information can be determined from an temperature aloft forecast? 4 of them - ✔✔Most favorable altitude-based on winds and direction of flight
- Areas of possible icing-noting air temperatures of 2 to - 20 degrees Celsius
- Temperature inversions which means stable air and good flight conditions(minus visibility)
- Turbulence-observing abrupt changes in wind direction and speed at different altitudes What is a convective Outlook? - ✔✔A narrative and graphical outlook of the potential for severe (tornadoes, wind gusts 50 knots or greater, or hail 1 inch diameter size or greater) and non- severe (general) convection and specific severe wx threats during the following 3 day period. It also defines an areas of light risk moderate risk, or high risk of severe thunderstorms for a 24 hour period. What is a surface analysis chart? - ✔✔Provides a ready means of locating pressure systems and fronts.
What are microbursts? - ✔✔Small-scale intense downdrafts which, on reaching the surface, spread outward in all directions from the downdraft center. This causes vertical and horizontal wind shears that is extremely hazardous to aircraft, especially at low altitudes. They are not easily detected because they are so small Where are microbursts most likely to occur? - ✔✔anywhere there is convective activity. What are some basic characteristics of a microburst? 3 of them? - ✔✔1) Size: Less than 1 mile in diameter but can extend 2.5 miles near ground level
- Intensity: downdrafts as strong as 6,000 feet per minute; horizontal winds near the surface as strong as 45 knots resulting in a 90 knot wind shear
- Duration: seldom last longer than 15 minutes Concerning wind shear, what does the abbreviation LLWAS indicate? - ✔✔Low level wins shear alert system is a computerized system that detects the presence of possible hazardous low level wind shear by continuously comparing winds measured by sensors installed around the periphery of an airport. What are two types of leading edge lift devices? - ✔✔1) Slots: directs high energy air from under the wings to the airflow above the wing, accelerating upper airflow. This delays angle of attack and allows for the wing to continue to develop higher angles of attack.
- Slats: Miniature airfoil mounted on the leading edge of a wing. They may be moved or fixed. At low angles of attack, movable slats are held flush against the leading edge by a positive air pressure. At high angles of attack, the slats are moved forward either by the pilot or automatically by the low pressures present at the leading edge. Slats provide the same results as slots. What are spoilers? - ✔✔Located on the upper surface of a wing which are designed to reduce lift by "spoiling" the airflow above the wing surface. Used as speed breaks to slow and airplane down. What instruments operate from the pitot static system? - ✔✔Altimeter, VSI, and Airspeed Indicator Does 99K have an alternate static air system? - ✔✔Yes, in the event of external static port blockage, a static pressure alternate source valve is installed. The control is located beneath the throttle and if used will supply static pressure from inside the cabin, instead of form the external static ports. How does an altimeter work? - ✔✔Aneroid wafers in the instrument expand and contract as atmospheric pressure changes, and through a shaft and gear linkage, rotate pointers on the dial of the instrument.
Define and state how you would determine density altitude. - ✔✔Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature variations. Directly related to an aircraft's takeoff, climb, and landing performance. Define and state how you would determine absolute altitude. - ✔✔The vertical distance of an aircraft above the terrain. How does the airspeed indicator operate? - ✔✔It measures the difference between the impact pressure from the pitot head and atmospheric pressure from the static source. What are the limitations of the airspeed indicator? - ✔✔It is subject to proper flow of air in the pitot/static system The airspeed indicator is subject to what errors? - ✔✔1) Position error: slipstream flow disturbances at the static port, preventing actual atmospheric pressure measurement. It varies with airspeed, altitude, and configuration.
- Density error: Changes in altitude and temperature are not compensated for by the instrument
- Compressibility error: Caused by the packing of air into the pitot tube at high airspeeds, resulting in higher than normal indications. It is usual not a factor.
What is indicated airspeed (IAS)? - ✔✔The speed as observed on the airspeed indicator. It is the airspeed without corrections for indicator, position, or compressibility error. What is calibrated airspeed (CAS)? - ✔✔The airspeed indicator reading corrected for position and instrument errors. CAS is equal to TAS at seal level in a standard atmosphere. What is Equivalent Airspeed (EAS)? - ✔✔The airspeed indicator reading corrected for position, instrument error, and for adiabatic compressible flow for a particular altitude. EAS is equal to CAS at seal level in standard atmosphere. What is True Airspeed (TAS)? - ✔✔CAS corrected for altitude and nonstandard temperature; the speed of the airplane in relation to the air mass in which it is flying. What airspeed limitations apply to the color-coded marking system of the airspeed indicator: White arc? - ✔✔Flap operating range What airspeed limitations apply to the color-coded marking system of the airspeed indicator: lower A/S limit white arc? - ✔✔Vso(Stalling speed or minimum steady flight in landing configuration ) What airspeed limitations apply to the color-coded marking system of the airspeed indicator: upper A/S limit white arc? - ✔✔Vfe(maximum flap extension speed)
