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Purpose The effectively Phoenix manage Fire Department personnel respondsand resources to a wide and torange provide of emergency for the safety incidents. and welfare In order of to personnel, we will always operate within the Incident Command System at the incident scene. This Command procedure components identifies of the the Standard Incident OperatingCommand Procedures System and to applicable be employed components in establishing of the National Incident Management System (NIMS). Command Procedures are designed to: Fix the responsibility for Command on a certain individual through a standard identification Command officers. system, depending on the arrival sequence of members, companies, and Ensure the incident. that a strong, direct, and visible Command will be established from the onset of Establish assigned toan theeffective Incident incident Commander organization (IC) and defining the other the individualsactivities and operating responsibilities within the Incident Command System. Provide a system to process information to support incident management, planning, and decision‐making. Provide a system for the orderly transfer of Command to subsequent arriving officers. Ensure a seamless transition from a Type 5/4 incident to a Type 3/2/1 (NIMS). Roles and Responsibilities within the Incident Command System Shift Commanders Phoenix (South Deputy), Glendale (West Deputy) and Mesa (East Deputy) Manage Battalions and supervise Battalion Chiefs. Occupy the position of Senior Advisor (Incident Advisor) on the Command Team (Incident Advisory Team) during first and greater alarm incidents. Battalion Chiefs Manage companies and supervise company officers. Occupy the position of Incident Commander (IC) when appropriate. Occupy the position of Sector Officer when appropriate. Occupy the position of IC on the Command Team (Incident Advisory Team) during first and greater alarm incidents.
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Company Officers (Captains) Occupy the position of IC when appropriate. Occupy the position of Sector Officer when appropriate. Manage task level activities and supervise firefighters. Responsibilities of Command The Tactical Incident Objectives Commander are: is responsible for the completion of the tactical objectives. The
Rescue Fire Control See M.P.^ Property 202.02A^ Conservation for more detail explanation The The IncidentIncident CommandCommander System is the isperson used towho facilitate drives thethe commandcompletion system of the towardsTactical Objectives.that end. The Incident Commander is responsible for building a Command structure that matches the organizational incident. The Functions needs of ofthe Command incident to define achieve standard the completion activities (^) thatof the are Tactical performed Objectives by the for the Incident Commander to achieve the Tactical Objectives. Functions of Command The Functions of Command include:
- Assume and announce Command and establish an effective initial command position
- (CommandRapidly evaluate^ Post). the situation (size up).
- Initiate, maintain, and control effective incident communications.
- ProvideIdentify andthe incidentmanage strategy,a steady, developadequate, an and Incident timely Action stream Plan of (IAP),appropriate and assign resources. companies and personnel consistent with plans and standard operating procedures.
- Develop decentralize an effective and delegate incident geographic organization and functionalusing Sectors/Divisions/Groups responsibility. to
- Review, and revise (as needed) the strategy to keep the IAP current.
- Provide for the continuity, transfer, and termination of Command. The Incident Commander is responsible for all of these functions. As Command is transferred, so is the responsibility for these functions. The first six (6) functions must be addressed
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Establishing Command The assume first commandfire department of the memberincident * (^) .or The unit initial to arrive Incident at the Commander scene of a shallmultiple remain unit in response Command shall until Command is transferred, or the incident is stabilized and Command is terminated. One or two company responses that are not going to escalate beyond the commitment of The these first companiesarriving unit do or not officer require will, the however first arriving remain unit responsible or officer for to anyassume needed Command. Command functions. Examples would include: o o SingleCheck unitHazard response o Any EMS call requiring only one or two companies The first arriving fire department unit initiates the command process by giving an initial radio report. The standard Initial Radio Report includes: On‐Scene Report
- Clear alarm.
- UnitBuilding/area designation/on description. the scene. Occupancy Size (large, medium, small) Height (assumed 1 story unless reported otherwise)
- Obvious problem/conditions. Nothing showing (indicates checking) Smoke showing (amount and location) Fire showing (amount and location) Working fire Fully involved
- Action taken. Assuming command Laying a line
- Declaration^ Attacking of^ with…etc. Strategy.
- Command^ Offensive confirmation^ or^ defensive with name
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Examples: For (^) Engine an offensive 11 to (^) structure Alarm ‐ “Engine fire ‐ 11 is on the scene of a large two‐story school with a working fire on the second floor. Engine 11 is laying a supply line and going in with a hand‐line to the second be 7th Street floor for Command." search & rescue and fire attack. This is an offensive fire attack. Engine 11 will
For (^) Engine a defensive 11 to fire Alarm ‐ ‐ "Engine 11 is on the scene of a medium size warehouse fully involved with exposures to the east. Engine 11 is laying a supply line and attacking the fire with a stang gun 11 will and be a Buckeyehand‐line Command. to the east exposure to check for extension. This is a defensive fire. Engine
For (^) Ladder an E.M.S. 11 (^) incident to Alarm ‐ ‐ "Ladder 11 is on the scene with a multi‐vehicle accident. Give me the balance of a 2 and 1 medical with three ambulances. Ladder 11 will be Parkway Command." Follow‐up Report
- AnyAccountability immediate started safety concerns(announce the initial accountability location)
- Disposition of resources (hold/add/return)
- Disposition of IRIC (only required if IRIC will not be present) Examples: For an offensive structure fire ‐ 7 th^ Street Command to Alarm ‐ “Engine 11 will be North side accountability. Give me the balance a 1 st^ Alarm." For a defensive fire ‐ balance^ Buckeye of a^ Command 1 st^ Alarm”.^ to^ Alarm^ –^ “Engine^11 will^ be^ South^ side^ accountability.^ Give^ me^ the For patients, an E.M.S. 2 Immediates incident – andParkway 1 delayed. Command All patients to Alarm have – “be been advised extricated”. we have a total of 3
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quickly solve the incident problem. Responding companies must critically listen to radio traffic, update, review and reinforce the initial size up, verify the safety, welfare, and accountability of the fast attackers, and back up the basic attack. The Fast‐attack‐mobile Command mode should not last more than a few minutes and will end with 1. one Situation of the following: is stabilized.
- Command is transferred from the fast attack company officer IC to a later arriving
- If the^ command situation^ officer. is not stabilized, the fast attack company officer IC must move to an exterior (stationary) command position and is now in the Command mode. The company crew, based officer on the must crew’s decide capabilities whether andor not experience, to withdraw safety the issues,remainder and ofthe the ability to communicate with the crew. No crew will remain in a hazardous area without radio communications. Command Mode ‐ Stationary Command Post: Certain incidents, by virtue of their size, complexity, or potential for rapid expansion, demand early, assume strong, command stationary and, from command the very from beginning the outset. stay In out these of the cases, hazard the zonefirst arrivingin a stationary IC will exterior command position. The IC must remain there until the incident is terminated or command managing theseis transferred. types of incidents.The tactical worksheet shall be initiated and utilized to assist in
If regards the Company to the assignment Officer assumes of the a remaining Command crew mode, members. the following options are available with
- "Move up" an acting officer within the Company. This is determined by the individual
- and Assign^ collective the crew^ capabilities members^ and to perform^ experience staff^ of functions^ the^ crew. to assist the IC. Staff functions include recon/reporting, communications assistance; help with tactical worksheet
- tracking Assign company^ etc. personnel to another Company. This creates a larger work group with an officer. This must be acknowledged by both the original and the receiving officer and by their inclusion in the accountability system. Transfer Command of isCommand transferred to improve the quality of the Command organization. When Command is transferred, it should trigger upgrades in the Command structure. The following guidelines outline the transfer of Command. Using a standard routine for both establishing and
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transferring command creates the capability within the responding units for the IC to effectively and safely establish and continue command. Using a fast attack company officer IC (IC #1) in the initial command stages officer of an (IC offensive #2) transfer, incident, strengthens and then and having continues a subsequent command arriving within response the IAP from an upgraded Command Post (CP), in a vehicle, outside the hazard zone, creates a strong, safe, and under control approach. The benefits of an upgraded CP include: Provides IC #2 with a Support Officer Establishes an Incident Safety Officer (FIT) (ISO) IC #2 has a wider view of the fireground Improves communication Creates a lighted, warm (or cool), and dry environment for IC #2 to operate in
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"Passing Command" to a unit that is not on the scene creates a gap in the Command process and compromises incident management. To prevent this "gap", Command shall not be transferred to an officer who is not on the scene. Should a situation occur where a later arriving Company or Command officer cannot locate or communicate their assumption with of Command Command (after and initiate several whatever radio attempts), actions theyare necessary will assume to confirmand announce the safety of the missing crew. Within the chain of Command, the actual transfer of Command will be regulated by the following procedure:
- The relieved officer (IC assuming #1) by radio Command or face‐ (^) to(IC‐ (^) face.#2) will Face communicate‐to‐face is the with preferred the person method being to transfer Command.
- The least person the following: being relieved will brief the officer assuming Command indicating at A. General 1) Incident situation conditions status: (fire location and extent, Hazmat spill or release, number of patients, etc.)
- IncidentSafety considerations. Management Plan. Completion of the Tactical Objectives. B. Deployment and assignments of operating companies and personnel.
- C.When^ Appraisals an incident^ of^ need becomes^ for^ additional so large that^ resources. an Incident Management Team (IMT) is requested, Command will not transfer to the IMT (Type I/III) unless a formal written Delegation of Authority has been signed by both the JHA and the IMT. The arrival of a ranking Officer on the incident scene does not mean that Command has been automatically Command process transferred has been to thatcompleted. Officer. The Command person isbeing only relieved transferred of Command when the will Transfer be of assigned to the best advantage by the Officer assuming Command. A ranking Officer may elect to have a subordinate continue the role of Incident Commander. In cases where an individual is effectively commanding an incident, and satisfactory progress is being in an activemade Commandto bring the role. incident The ranking under control,Officer mustit may determine be desirable that for the that Incident person Commander to continue is of completely the situation. aware In these of the cases, position the arrivingand function ranking of operatingOfficer may companies assume a and supportive the general role statusin the overall Command organization.
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The response and arrival of additional command officers strengthens the overall Command organization. As the incident escalates, the IC should use these Command Officers to fill Sector (Division), to any sector Branch, with andthree Section or more positions. operating Command companies. should Strengthening consider adding the Command a command officer organization: Improves safety Decreases the span of control Improves communication Improves accountability Improves management and supervision of the Sector When the first arriving unit is a Command Officer, efforts should be automatically directed towards establishing a Command Post and fulfilling the Command functions. A Command Post in provides a vehicle appropriate equipped (^) workfor this space purpose for the is a Incident priority Commanderat all working and incidents. staff personnel, A vehicle lighting, that communications equipment, supplies reference items, and some isolation from outside distractions will make Command more effective. Company and Command Officers should eliminate all unnecessary radio traffic while responding, initiated and unless completed. such communications This requires the are initial required Incident to ensureCommander that Command to give a clear functions initial are radio report and continue to give updated progress reports as needed. Command Officers should stage over the radio. Staff Personnel should report directly to the Command Post to notify the Incident Commander of their availability to assume incident duties. These scene. personnel should park their vehicles in a location that does not restrict access to the
The IC is responsible for managing the incident. The fire department empowers the IC with the authority to turn his/her decisions into actions (develop an IAP and assign companies). Simply stated, affect a the change Incident in the Commander management outranks of an incident, everybody*. he/she If a musthigher first‐ranking be on Officer the scene wants of theto incident, and then follow the Transfer of Command procedure. Anyone can effect a change in incident management in extreme situations relating to safety by notifying Command and initiating corrective action. The Incident Command System (ICS) never "sleeps". The ICS is in a constant state of readiness. When there are no working incidents the Alarm Headquarters and its Supervisor have the
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The IC and the Support Officer are the first and second members of the Command Team. It Objectives. is the Responsibility of the IC to perform the Functions of Command to achieve the Tactical
- Assume and announce Command and establish an effective initial command position
- (CommandRapidly evaluate^ Post). the situation (size up).
- Initiate, maintain, and control effective incident communications.
- ProvideIdentify andthe incidentmanage strategy,a steady, developadequate, an and Incident timely Action stream Plan of (IAP),appropriate and assign resources. companies and personnel consistent with plans and standard operating procedures.
- Develop decentralize an effective and delegate incident geographic organization and functionalusing Sectors/Divisions/Groups responsibility. to
- Review, and revise (as needed) the strategy to keep the IAP current.
- Provide for the continuity, transfer, and termination of Command. Roles and Responsibilities of the Support Officer: Define, evaluate, and recommend changes to the incident action plan. Provide direction relating to tactical objectives and specific critical fireground factors. Become the Incident Safety Officer Evaluate the need for additional resources. Assign logistics responsibilities. Assist with the tactical worksheet for control and accountability. Evaluate the fireground organization and span of control. Other duties as necessary. The third member of the Command Team is the Senior Advisor. The Senior Advisor is normally the fills highestthe role‐ranking of the Senior member Advisor. of the The Command Officer servingTeam. The as "Command" first arriving and Shift the Commander Support Officer usually will focus on the completion of the tactical objectives, the strategic and tactical plan and the other and its components impact from of a thebroader incident. perspective The Senior and Advisor's providing focus direction, is looking guidance at the and entire advice incident to the IC and/or Support Officer.
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Role and Responsibilities of the Senior Advisor Review and evaluate the incident size‐up, position in the risk management plan, incident strategy and the incident action plan. Based on the review and evaluation of the incident, provide support for the current plan or ensure the appropriate changes are made within the strategic decision making process. Provide on‐going review of the overall incident (THE BIG PICTURE). Review the organizational structure, initiate change or expansion to meet incident needs. Initiate Section and Branch functions as required. Provide a liaison with other city agencies and officials, outside agencies, property owners and/or tenants. Forecast and react to the effect this incident will have on surrounding neighborhoods, Public Officials, and city staffing. Prepare to transition to long‐term operations by establishing operational periods and advising the Assistant Chief of Operations as to the need for an All Hazards Incident Management Team (AHIMT), state or federal assistance. Provide incident. a transitional briefing to the incoming IMT if one has been assigned to the
To be maintainin the Command continuity Post and with overall the IC. effectiveness, The result is the there Senior are threeAdvisor people and Support performing Officer the must functions of Command. They are working as a team to enhance the Command process and make to Companies, the functions Sectors of Command (Divisions ormore Groups), effective. or Branches The Officer will assigned use the radioto communicate designation directly " Command ” and should be the only member of the Command Team talking on the tactical radio channel. Command Structure It is the responsibility of Command to develop an organizational structure, using standard operating procedures, to effectively manage the incident scene. The development of the organizational and continue through structure a numbershould begin of phases, with deploymentdepending on of the the size first and arriving complexity fire department of the unit incident. The Command organization must develop at a pace which stays ahead of the tactical deployment incident, he/she of personnel must first and be ableresources. to direct, In order control, for andthe Incidenttrack the Commander position and to function manage of the all operating Companies. Building a Command organization is the best support mechanism the
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Command Structure ‐ Basic Organization Incident and account organization for resources is the in function order to of meet command the tactical that the objectives. IC uses to For track, fires communicate this is RESCUE with, – FIRE CONTROL – PROPERTY CONSERVATION – CUSTOMER STABILIZATION. Examples: The Company most basicOfficer Command on a single structure engine responsecombines to all a three dumpster levels fire of thedetermines Command the structure. strategy andThe tactics, and supervises the crew doing the task.
COMMANDE-1 StrategyTactical Task
The basic structure for a "routine" incident, involving a small number of Companies, requires only tactical two levels. levels Companies of the Command report structure.directly to The Command role of Commandand operate combines at the Task the Level.strategic and
Command Strategic/Tactical
Engine Engine Ladder Task
Command Structure ‐ Sectors Basic Operational Approach A Sector is a smaller, more manageable unit of incident scene organization. Sectoring is a standard system of dividing incident scene command into smaller units or pieces. Whenever there and FIT are to three that sector.or more The companies maximum operating number inof aSectors sector, that the anIC shouldIC can effectivelyassign a Battalion manage Chief is called the span of control. The span of control is usually five sectors and should never exceed seven sectors.
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Sectors NOTE (Ventilation : Sectors Sector). may be Divisions assigned are by assigned their geographic by their geographiclocation (North location Sector) (North or function Division). Groups are assigned by their function (Ventilation Group). For the remainder of this M.P. we will refer to appropriate. Sectors with the understanding that either Divisions or Groups may be used where
A that significant exceeds problem the development occurs when of the the incident IC requests organization. and assigns In shortadditional order, companies, the IC will atbecome a rate overloaded with the details of managing a large number of companies scattered all over the incident more resources site. The to IC accomplish will soon be their in the tactical odd situationobjectives. of being overwhelmed, yet still in need of
Command to the incident must scene. develop The and IC accomplishesbuild an organization this by breaking that matches the incident the deployment scene down of resourcesinto manageable Sector Officers. subunits called sectors. Sectors are geographic or functional and are managed by
As the Sectors overall arestrategy implemented, and Incident Command Action Plancontinues to deal to with operate the incident.at the strategic level, determining
Strategic Tatical Task
Command
Basic Incident Command Organization
Sector Sector Sector Companies Companies Companies When effectively the number manage, of the Sectors Incident exceeds Organization the span should of control be divided that the to Incident Branches. Commander Each Branch can is responsible for several Sectors and should be assigned a separate radio channel. Branches will be Once addressed effective later sectors in this have M.P. been established, the IC can concentrate on the overall strategy, incident action plan management, evaluation, and resource allocation. Each of the sector officers sector and becomes communicating responsible needs for theand tactical progress deployment back to Command. of the resources assigned to his/her
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Sectors Will Be Regulated by The Following Guidelines: It will be the ongoing responsibility of Command to assign Sectors as required for effective emergency operations; this assignment will relate to both geographic and functional Sectors. Command shall advise each Sector Officer of specific Tactical Objectives. The overall strategy Officer has and some plan ideawill andof what's should going be also on (^) andprovided how his(time assignment permitting), fits soin. the Sector The number of Companies assigned to a Sector will depend upon conditions within that Sector. Command will maintain an awareness of the number of Companies operating within If a Sector a Sector Officer and cannot the capability control the of that resources Sector within Officer the to (^) Sector,effectively he/she direct should operations. notify the Incident Commander so that Sector responsibilities can be split or other corrective action maximum taken. span During of control offensive for a fires Sector five Officer. (5) companies During defensive represents fires a reasonable seven (7) companies represents a reasonable maximum span of control. Sectors assigned to specific operating areas will be designated by directions (East Sector, North Sector, etc.). Where the incident has odd geographic boundaries (Grand Avenue) etc.). An italternate may be confusinguse of Sector to assign A, B, C, directional or D, pronounced: designations Alpha, to SectorsBravo, Charlie (East Sector, and Delta respectively, may be used (see page 20). Sector "A" would be the front (street address building side)in alphabetical of the building order. and the other Sectors would go clockwise around the
In indicates multi‐story 15th occupancies, floor). In some Sectors cases, will the usually floor Sector be indicated identification by floor may numbers be subdivided (Sector (^15) into geographic access. Functional areas such Sectors as "Sector will be (^15) identified East" or by "Sector the function 15 West" (Loss depending Control Sector, on stairwell Safety and Sector, floor Ventilation Sector, etc.). Sector Officers will use the Sector designation in radio communications (i.e. "North Sector to Command"). In many cases, the initial Sector responsibility will be given to the Company Officer who receives the initial assignment to a basic tactical position or function (north, treatment, roof, etc.) As the incident expands, Command Officers will be assigned Sector responsibilities.
Command will assign a Command Officer to assume Sector responsibilities as soon as possible.
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Regular Transfer of Command procedures will be followed in transferring Sector responsibility. In report some conditions cases, a Sector and advise Officer Command may be assigned of needed to (^) tasksan area/function and resources. initially The toassigned evaluate Officer and will proceed to the Sector, evaluate and report conditions to the Incident Commander, and assume responsibility responsibility. for directing resources and operations within his/her assigned area of
The require Sector the Officer Sector mustOfficer be to in be a positionequipped to with directly the superviseappropriate and protective monitor operations.clothing and This will equipment for his/her area of responsibility. Sector Officers assigned to operate within the hazard readily zoneidentifiable must be and accompanied maintain a visibleby a partner position (normally as much a as F.I.T.). possible. The Sector Officer should be
Sector Officers will be responsible for the following basic functions: Directly supervise work in the sector. Monitor personnel safety, accountability, and welfare. Develop a sector IAP that integrates with the overall IAP. Monitor work progress. Redirect activities as necessary. Coordinate actions with related activities, and adjacent Sectors. Monitor welfare of Sector personnel. Request additional resources as needed (on‐deck crews etc.). Manage Maydays within the Sector. Advise the IC of situation status, changing conditions, progress, completion, and exception reports. Re‐allocate resources within the Sector Provide information for both formal and informal After‐Action Reviews (critiques). De‐commit companies as operations are completed. When a command officer is assigned Sector responsibilities the FIT/ISO becomes the Sector Safety Officer.
