Download CNUR 106 Questions and Answers Already Passed and more Exams Public Health in PDF only on Docsity!
CNUR 106 Questions and Answers
Already Passed
Why is education important for clients? ✔✔increases the competencies and confidence of clients to manage their own self-care
Why is education important for staff? ✔✔Teaches them how to deliver high-quality care
Benefits of education for clients: ✔✔-increases client satisfaction
- improves quality of life
- decreases incidences of illness complications
- decreases anxiety
- maximizes independence
Benefits of education for staff: ✔✔-enhances job satisfaction
- improves therapeutic relationships
- increases autonomy in practice
- improves knowledge and skills
Client education ✔✔assisting people to learn health related behaviors with the goal of achieving optimal health and independence in self-care
Staff education ✔✔influencing behavior of nurses by producing changes in their knowledge, attitudes and skills to help them maintain and improve their competencies for the delivery of quality care
Education Process ✔✔a systematic, sequential, planned course of action on the part of both the teacher and the learner to achieve the outcomes of teaching and learning
Learning ✔✔a change in behavior that can be observed and measured and can occur at any time or in any place as a result of exposure to environmental stimuli
Nursing process focuses on: ✔✔planning and implementation of care based upon assessment and diagnosis
Education process: ✔✔focuses on the planning and implementation of care based upon assessment and prioritization of a client's learning needs, readiness to learn and learning styles
Barriers to teaching: ✔✔are those factors impeding the nurse's ability to optimally deliver educational services
Major barriers to teaching: ✔✔-lack of time
- lack of confidence in skills
- lack of motivation or skill
- low-priority given to teaching
- inconducive environment
- lack of reimbursement
- doubt in efficacy of education
- poor documentation
Obstacles to learning: ✔✔are those factors that negatively impact the learner's ability to attend to and process information
Major Obstacles to learning: ✔✔-lack of time
- stress of illness, anxiety, sensory deficits
- low literacy/health literacy
-inconducive environment
-readiness to learn, learning styles, developmental stage
-Extent of changes needed
-lack of support/reinforcment
-denial of need/lack of willingness to participate
-health care system issues
Adults learn best when: ✔✔-they have a clear objective for learning and are well motivated
-the facilitator understands and supports their goals
-they are treated as adults/equals
-the subject matter and learning methods used address their needs
-their culture, learning style, experiences and knowledge are considered in the learning process
-new info is presented in a logical order
-they are encouraged to ask questions and discuss
-actively involved and doing things with purpose
-they get a feeling of achievement and direction
.1- Specialized Body of Knowledge
- applies a knowledge base from nursing and other disciplines
.2- Competent Application of Knowledge
- facilitates client engagement in identifying their health needs, strengths, capacities and goals
Standard III ✔✔Ethical Practice
- supports clients in making informed decisions about their health care
-self-regulation and continuing competence of the nurse
Standard IV ✔✔Service to the Public
-Protects the public by providing and improving health care services in collaboration with clients and other members of the health care team
Standard V ✔✔Self-Regulation
-Advocating in the public interest by developing and enhancing his/her competence and ensuring safe practice
What is a Learning Theory? ✔✔A coherent framework of integrated constructs and principles that describe explain or predict how people learn
What is Learning? ✔✔a relatively permanent change in mental processing, emotional functioning and behavior as a result of experience
Why use Learning theories? ✔✔-they support your actions with evidence (Evidence-based practice)
-action without knowledge is misinformed
Behaviorist Learning Theory ✔✔"Learning is a result of the connections made between the stimulus conditions in the environment and the individual's responses that follow"
-manipulation of environment or changing what happens following a response can modify an individual's attitude or response
-repetition of new behavioral pattern until it becomes automatic
-ignores thoughts and emotions
Respondent Conditioning model of Behaviorist Learning Theory ✔✔-Pavlov
-Associations formed with stimuli
Operant Conditioning model of Behaviorist Learning Theory ✔✔- Skinner
Cognition ✔✔-the activities of thinking, understanding, learning and remembering
-perception, thought, memory, ways of processing & structuring information
Cognitive Learning Theory ✔✔-stresses the importance of what goes on inside the learner
-learners goals and expectations are more important than rewards (internal motivation)
-recognition of past experiences, perceptions, social influences, aspirations
-beginning to incorporate considerations of emotion
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Learning ✔✔-people take in info as they interact with the environment and either
a) make the info fit with what they already know (Assimilation)
OR
b) change their perceptions and interpretations in keeping with the new information (Accommodation)
Piaget- Sensorimotor period ✔✔-coordination of sensory input and motor responses
-development of object permanence
-birth to 2 years
Piaget- Preoperational period ✔✔-development of symbolic thought marked by irreversibility, centration, and egocentrism
-2-7 years
Piaget- Concrete Operational Period ✔✔-mental operations applied to concrete events
-mastery of conservation, hierarchical classification
-7-
Piaget- Formal Operational Period ✔✔-mental operations applied to abstract ideas
-logical, systematic thinking
-11+
Tenets of Cognitivsm ✔✔-learning works best when active rather than passive
-organized instruction is easier to learn
-instruction with attention to relationships between key concepts facilitates making connections
-instruction built upon prior knowledge facilitate making connections
-learner may need correction at this point
Social Learning Theory- Motivational Phase: ✔✔-is the learner motivated to model the behavior
-internal motivation is necessary for the learner to learn the behavior
-reinforcement and punishment are key components to motivation
Humanistic Learning Theory ✔✔-expanded to include human emotions and feelings
-motivation is crucial and derived from the persons needs, feelings about self and desire to grow
-situations that are threatening, coercive and judgmental undermine the ability to learn
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs ✔✔-assumes that each person is unique and all individuals have a desire to grow in a positive way
Tenets of Humanism ✔✔-learner is the center of the process
-teacher helps the learner articulate what they want to learn and how
-intrinsic motivation
-positive self-concept can promote learning and negative can inhibit learning
Contructivism ✔✔-belief that knowledge is developed and becomes meaningful by building and reflecting upon experiences
-learn by adapting mental models to fit new experiences
-new knowledge is formulated in social interaction
Tenets of Constructivism ✔✔-learning is an active process
-learning is searching for meaning
- learning needs to be relevant to the learner
-understanding of the whole rather than parts
-students decide when & how to learn
-learning best occurs in real world settings
Andragogy ✔✔-adult learning
-similarities with humanism
-readiness is critical to learning
-adults may have conflicting priorities
Tenets of Andragogy ✔✔-learn from experience
-Readiness to Learn
-Learning Style
A Learning Assessment... ✔✔tells you what the learner:
-believes
-knows
-expects
-misunderstands
-wants to learn
-is able to learn and how
-is willing to learn
What is a Learning Need? ✔✔gaps in knowledge that exist between a desired level of performance and the actual level of performance
Mandatory Learning Needs ✔✔needs that must be learned for survival when the learner's life or safety is threatened
Desirable Learning Needs ✔✔needs that are not life-dependent but are related to well-being or the overall ability to provide quality care in situations involving changes in institutional procedure
Possible Learning Needs ✔✔needs for information that are "nice to know" but not essential or required because they are not directly related to daily activities or the particular situation of the learner
Methods to assess Learning Needs ✔✔-informal conversation
-structured interviews
-focus groups
-self-administered questionnaires
-tests
-observations
-documentation
Physical readiness ✔✔-measures of ability
-complexity of task
-environmental effects
-learning disability
VARK Model ✔✔V- visual
A- aural
R- read/write
K- kinesthetic
Compliance ✔✔a submission or yielding to predetermined goals through regimens prescribed or established by others
Adherence ✔✔a commitment or attachment to a prescribed, predetermined regimen; patient- centered
Noncompliance ✔✔non-submission or resistance of an individual to follow a prescribed, predetermined regimen.
-may be a resilient response or defensive coping mechanism to a stressful situation
Nonadherance ✔✔when a client does not follow the mutually agreed upon treatment regimen
Motivation ✔✔an internal state that arouses, directs and sustains human behavior
Motivation to learn ✔✔a willingness on the par of the learner to embrace learning with readiness
Motivational factors ✔✔-factors that influence motivation
-can either be incentives or obstacles to achieving desired behaviors
Motivational Incentives ✔✔-personal attributes (age, gender education)
-environmental influences (surroundings and attitudes of others)
-relationship systems (sig others, family and teacher)
Axioms of Motivation ✔✔-optimal anxiety
-learner readiness
-realistic goals
-learner satisfaction/success
-uncertainty reduction or maintenance
