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CNSL | 503 |Statistics |Portage |Exam | 2 |with |
verified |answers
frequency |distribution |- |✔✔presents |the |frequency |of |every |value |in |a |dataset frequency |tables |- |✔✔displays |the |number |of |times |(ex: |frequency) |a |certain |value |appears |within | the |dataset |in |a |table |format What |does |each |column |represent |in |frequency |tables? |- |✔✔one |column |represents |the |category, | the |other |column |represents |the |frequency absolute |frequency |- |✔✔raw |count What |type |of |frequency |do |you |use |when |answering |" |how |many |student |out |of |the |total |number |of | students |scored |a |letter |grade?"? |- |✔✔relative |frequency relative |frequency |- |✔✔the |ratio |between |the |absolute |frequency |of |a |category |and |the |total | frequency formula |for |relative |frequency |- |✔✔frequency |in |category/total |frequency What |type |of |frequency |do |you |use |when |answering |the |question |"how |many |students |scored |a |B |or | better?"? |- |✔✔cumulative |frequency cumulative |frequency |- |✔✔the |sum |of |frequencies |of |all |preceding |categories Frequency |tables |can |be |used |for |what |type |of |variables? |- |✔✔qualitative |or |quantitative |variables
When |using |frequency |tables |for |quantitative |variables, |group |the |quantitative |scores |into |groups | called |what? |- |✔✔bins frequency |graphs |- |✔✔pie |charts, |bar |charts, |histograms, |frequency |polygons, |stem |and |leaf |plots What |type |of |frequency |graphs |are |used |for |qualitative |variables? |- |✔✔pie |charts |and |bar |charts What |type |of |frequency |graphs |are |used |for |quantitative |variables? |- |✔✔histograms, |frequency | polygons |and |stem |and |leaf |plots pie |charts |- |✔✔displays |relative |frequencies |(and |not |necessarily |absolute |frequencies) |of |each | category |for |qualitative |variables |in |a |pie Each |portion |of |a |pie |represents... |- |✔✔a |different |category The |size |of |each |portion |is |proportional |to... |- |✔✔the |relative |frequency |of |that |category The |entire |pie |represents... |- |✔✔100% |of |the |scores Pie |charts |are |good |to |visualize... |- |✔✔frequencies Pie |charts |are |only |useful |for... |- |✔✔small |number |of |categories bar |charts/bar |graphs |- |✔✔display |absolute |and |relative |frequencies |of |qualitative |data |using |bars Each |bar |represents |a |- |✔✔category The |height |of |a |bar |represents... |- |✔✔the |frequency
3D |graphs |don't |add |any |information |when... |- |✔✔the |data |is |2D 3-dimensional |graphs |- |✔✔use |when |data |is |measured |on | 3 |different |axis' What |type |of |graph |should |you |use |when |studying |CO2 |emissions |on |function |of |year |and |country? |- | ✔✔3-dimensional |graph mode |- |✔✔the |value |with |the |highest |frequency The |mode |is |shown |by... |- |✔✔the |number |of |peaks |in |a |graph Unimodal |distributions |have |____ |peaks |and |____ |modes. |- |✔✔1; Bimodal |distributions |have |____ |peaks |and |____ |modes. |- |✔✔2; multimodal |distributions |- |✔✔distributions |that |have |more |than |one |mode Trimodal |distributions |have |____ |peaks |and |____ |modes. |- |✔✔3; Uniform |distribution |- |✔✔all |scores |have |the |same |frequency symmetrical |distribution |Shape |- |✔✔bell |curve symmetrical |distribution |mean, |median |and |mode |- |✔✔same |mean, |median |and |mode negatively |(left) |skewed |distribution |- |✔✔majority |is |on |the |higher |end
negatively |(left) |skewed |distribution |mean, |median |and |mode |- |✔✔increasing |order: |mean-->median--
mode positively |(right) |skewed |distribution |- |✔✔majority |at |lower |values, |outlier |at |high |values positively |(right) |skewed |distribution |mean, |median |and |mode |- |✔✔increasing |order: |mode-- median-->mean central |tendency |- |✔✔a |single |value |that |describes |the |middle |of |the |distribution measures |of |central |tendency |- |✔✔mean, |median, |mode mean |- |✔✔the |arithmetic |average |of |a |set |of |scores population |mean |symbol |- |✔✔μ sample |mean |symbol |- |✔✔x@ |or |M The |mean |is |calculated |by... |- |✔✔adding |up |all |the |values |in |a |distribution |and |dividing |by |the | number |of |scores formula |for |the |population |mean |- |✔✔μ=ΣX/N μ= |population |mean Σ= |"sum |of" X= |score N= |population |size ΣX= |the |sum |of |all |scores formula |for |the |sample |mean |- |✔✔x@=ΣX/n
The |mode |is |most |useful |for.... |- |✔✔variables |measured |on |a |nominal |scale |or |to |describe |the |shape | of |a |distribution |(unimodal, |bimodal, |trimodal) Use |mean |for... |- |✔✔symmetric |data Use |median |for... |- |✔✔skewed |data Use |mode |for... |- |✔✔describing |the |peak variability |- |✔✔describes |the |spread |of |the |distribution measures |of |variability |- |✔✔range, |interquartile |range, |sum |of |squares, |variance, |standard |deviation The |range |and |interquartile |range |are |based |on... |- |✔✔only | 2 |scores The |sum |of |squares, |variance |and |standard |deviation |are |based |on... |- |✔✔all |the |scores |related |to | one |another range |- |✔✔the |difference |between |the |highest |value |and |the |lowest |value |in |a |dataset The |range |is |calculated |by... |- |✔✔subtracting |the |lowest |value |and |the |highest |value |in |a |dataset formula |for |range |- |✔✔range= |Xmax- |Xmin X=score Is |the |range |sensitive |to |outliers? |- |✔✔yes
interquartile |range |(IQR) |- |✔✔calculated |by |subtracting |the |lower |quartile |from |the |upper |quartile quartiles |- |✔✔values |that |divide |a |data |set |into |four |equal |parts formula |for |interquartile |range |- |✔✔IQR= |Q3-Q lower |quartile/first |quartile |(Q1) |- |✔✔separates |the |lowest |1/4 |of |the |data |from |the |upper |3/4 |of | data; |the |median |of |the |lower |half |of |data middle |quartile/second |quartile |(Q2) |- |✔✔the |overall |median |of |the |dataset upper |quartile/ |third |quartile |(Q3) |- |✔✔separates |the |highest |1/4 |of |the |dataset |from |the |lowest |3/4 | of |the |dataset; |the |median |of |the |upper |half |of |the |score Because |the |IQR |only |accounts |for |the |middle |50% |of |the |distribution, |it |is |less |susceptible |to | influence |by... |- |✔✔outliers box |plot |(box |and |wisker |plot) |- |✔✔graph |the |quartiles |in |a |box |and |the |minimum |and |maximum | values |as |"wiskers" |extending |outside |the |box variability |- |✔✔the |average |distance |from |the |mean standard |deviation |- |✔✔the |average |distance |between |each |score |and |the |mean sum |of |squares |(SS) |- |✔✔sum |of |the |squared |deviations |between |each |score |and |the |mean formula |for |population |SS |- |✔✔SS=Σ(X-μ)^ SS= |sum |of |squares Σ= |sum |up
sample |standard |deviation |symbol |- |✔✔S populations |standard |devitation |- |✔✔the |average |deviation |between |each |score |and |the |mean formula |for |population |standard |deviation |- |✔✔square |root[Σ(X-μ)^2/N] sample |standard |deviation |- |✔✔the |average |deviation |between |each |score |and |the |mean formula |dor |sample |standard |deviation |- |✔✔square |root[Σ(X-x@)^2/n-1]
