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The documents Includes Ethical principles in research..
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(^) it emphasises on the following (^) Voluntary consent of the human subject (^) Anticipate scientific benefits (^) Benefits always should outweigh risks (^) human experimentation always be based on adequate animal experimentation. (^) Avoid unnecessary physical mental suffering or injury (^) Avoid experiments with high risks for death or disabling injury.
DECLARATION OF HELSINKI(1964):
The efforts of nuremberg code was reinforced by World Medical Association.
Brushes on the responsibilities of medical practitioners in clinical research (^) It is revised 5 times by the association in conjugation with WHO the recent one being in
THE BELMONT REPORT(1979): (^) The US National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical & Behavioral Research released the report (^) Brushes ethical principles & guidelines for the protection of human subjects in a research study (^) Basic elements of Belmont report were
(^) Investigators and their institutions have to plan to maximise benefits & minimize risks.
The risks to the participants has to outweigh by the sum of both the anticipated benefit to the participants & the anticipated benefit to the society in the form of new knowledge
(^) Includes two fundamental ethical considerations. a) Respect for autonomy (independence). Those who have concern about their personal choices should be treated with respect to their capacity for self-determination. (^) b) Protection of persons with impaired or diminished autonomy. Those who are dependent or weak be given security against harm or abuse.
STATEMENT OF GENERAL PRINCIPLES:
1. PRINCIPLES OF ESSENTIALITY To prove that the research study involving humans is essential after due considerations of all alternatives of existing knowledge in the proposed area of research. The said research shall be necessary for the advancement of knowledge and be beneficial to the whole human race.
3.PRINCIPLES OF NON- EXPLOITATION: (^) Irrespective of social, economic, educational levels, of the participants, they’re kept fully apprised of all dangers within the study
Each research shall include an in-built mechanism for compensation for the human participants either through insurance cover or any other means
Comprehensive after care shall be provided by the investigating managements.
4.PRINCIPLES OF PRIVACY & CONFIDENTIALITY: (^) The identity & records of the human subjects in the research study are kept highly confidential. (^) Any disclosure of identity done only with specific consent in written form from the subject (^) To avoid any form of sufferings, hardships, discrimination or stigmatization as a result of being in a research study.