January 11, 2015
Classifying Chemical Reactions
Types of chemical reactions:
1. Synthesis
2. Decomposition
3. Combustion
4. Single-Replacement
5. Double-replacement
*Classifying how atoms rearrange during a chemical
reaction
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Classifying Chemical Reactions: A Comprehensive Guide with Examples, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Chemistry
Single Replacement Reaction: A reaction in which the atoms of one element replaces the atoms of another element in a compound. A + BX. B + AX.
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Classifying Chemical Reactions
Types of chemical reactions:
- Synthesis
- Decomposition
- Combustion
- Single-Replacement
- Double-replacement *Classifying how atoms rearrange during a chemical reaction
- Synthesis reaction : 2 or more substances react to produce a single product
A + B AB
Example: 2 Na(s) + Cl 2 (g) 2 NaCl(s) CaO(s) + H 2 O(l) Ca(OH) 2 (s)
- Combustion reaction : Oxygen combines with a substance and releases energy in the form of heat and light. Always need O 2! Example: CH 4 (g) + 2 O 2 (g) CO 2 (g) + 2 H 2 O(g) 2 C 2 H 6 (g) + 7 O 2 (g) 4 CO 2 (g) + 6 H 2 O(g)
Balancing Combustion Reactions:
- Always balance C and H first.
- Then use O 2 to balance out oxygen
If you have an ODD number of oxygen that need to be balanced (X), put the coefficient X/ 2 in front of O 2 , then multiply the entire equation by 2 to get integers for coefficients.
- Example: Combustion of butane C 4 H 10 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O
Use activity series to predict whether or not certain reactions will happen. Predict whether or not this reaction will occur: Ag(s) + Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) F 2 (g) + 2 NaBr(aq)
- Double Replacement Reaction: Reaction in which there is an exchange of ions between compounds.
AX + BY AY + BX
*Cations switch places *Always produce a precipitate, a gas, or water Ex: Ca(OH) 2 (aq) + 2 HCl(aq) CaCl 2 (aq) + 2 H 2 O(l) AgNO 3 (aq) + NaCl(aq)