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Criminal Justice Exam 1: Chapters 1, 2, 4, and 5 - Questions and Answers, Exams of Nursing

A comprehensive set of questions and answers covering key concepts from chapters 1, 2, 4, and 5 of a criminal justice textbook. It covers topics such as the role of criminal justice as a social control mechanism, the three main agencies of american criminal justice, types of offenses, stages of the criminal justice process, different types of punishment, and the crime control and due process models. The document also explores definitions of crime, criminal intent, and various legal defenses. It concludes with a discussion of crime statistics and the importance of criminal law in society.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 04/13/2025

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CJ Exam 1 Chapter 1,2,4,5 QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!!
As an institution of social control, criminal justice differs from the family, schools,
organized religion, the media, and the law in that it - CORRECT ANSWER-is
generally society's "last line of defense."
Like the family, schools, organized religion, the media, and the law, criminal justice is
a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER-institution of social control.
American criminal justice consists of three main agencies. Which of the following is
NOT one of those three main agencies? - CORRECT ANSWER-prisons
Which of the following types of offenses may be punishable by death in the United
States? - CORRECT ANSWER-a felony
The term "jurisdiction," as used in your text, means - CORRECT ANSWER-a
politically defined geographical area.
During which of the following stages is an administrative record of an arrest made? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Booking
A suspect becomes a defendant after - CORRECT ANSWER-one or more
charges have been filed.
The purpose of a(n) ________ is for a judge to determine whether there is probable
cause to believe that the defendant committed the crime or crimes with which he or she
is charged. - CORRECT ANSWER-preliminary hearing
The primary purpose of a(n) ________ is to hear the formal information or indictment
and to allow the defendant to enter a plea. - CORRECT ANSWER-arraignment
About ________ of criminal defendants plead guilty to the charges against them in an
arrangement called plea bargaining. - CORRECT ANSWER-95 percent
Cases that are not resolved through plea bargaining or by a jury trial are decided by a
judge in a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER-bench trial.
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CJ Exam 1 Chapter 1,2,4,5 QUESTIONS

WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!!

As an institution of social control, criminal justice differs from the family, schools,

organized religion, the media, and the law in that it - CORRECT ANSWER -is

generally society's "last line of defense." Like the family, schools, organized religion, the media, and the law, criminal justice is

a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER -institution of social control.

American criminal justice consists of three main agencies. Which of the following is

NOT one of those three main agencies? - CORRECT ANSWER -prisons

Which of the following types of offenses may be punishable by death in the United

States? - CORRECT ANSWER -a felony

The term "jurisdiction," as used in your text, means - CORRECT ANSWER -a

politically defined geographical area. During which of the following stages is an administrative record of an arrest made? -

CORRECT ANSWER -Booking

A suspect becomes a defendant after - CORRECT ANSWER -one or more

charges have been filed. The purpose of a(n) ________ is for a judge to determine whether there is probable cause to believe that the defendant committed the crime or crimes with which he or she

is charged. - CORRECT ANSWER -preliminary hearing

The primary purpose of a(n) ________ is to hear the formal information or indictment

and to allow the defendant to enter a plea. - CORRECT ANSWER -arraignment

About ________ of criminal defendants plead guilty to the charges against them in an

arrangement called plea bargaining. - CORRECT ANSWER -95 percent

Cases that are not resolved through plea bargaining or by a jury trial are decided by a

judge in a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER -bench trial.

One of the main purposes of an arraignment is to - CORRECT ANSWER -allow

the defendant to enter a plea. Currently, five general types of punishment are in use in the United States. Which of the

following is NOT one of these punishments? - CORRECT ANSWER -

transportation Defendants can appeal their convictions on legal or constitutional grounds. Which of the following is an example of a constitutional ground on which a defendant may appeal a

conviction? - CORRECT ANSWER -illegal search and seizure

Question 150 / 10 points

Which of the following statements is true of parole? - CORRECT ANSWER -It is

given before prisoners have served their full sentences. Because there is considerable conflict and confusion between different agencies of criminal justice, an accurate way of defining American criminal justice may be to call it -

CORRECT ANSWER -a nonsystem.

When politically conservative values are dominant in society, the principles and policies

of ________ seem to dominate the operation of criminal justice. - CORRECT

ANSWER -the crime control model

According to the crime control model of criminal justice, the most important function of

criminal justice is - CORRECT ANSWER -the control of criminal behavior.

The due process model is based on the doctrine of - CORRECT ANSWER -legal

guilt.

Which of the following is a condition of legal guilt? - CORRECT ANSWER -the

right to counsel Which of the following is a problem associated with finding an appropriate definition of

crime? - CORRECT ANSWER -Many dangerous and harmful behaviors are not

defined as crimes, while many less dangerous and less harmful behaviors are. Overcriminalization is mainly a problem when addressing which types of crimes? -

CORRECT ANSWER -Victimless crimes

A typical ________ definition of crime is behavior that violates the norms or mores of

society. - CORRECT ANSWER -social

_________ crimes are considered to be "wrong in themselves" and are characterized

by universality and timelessness. - CORRECT ANSWER -Mala in se

_______ refers to crimes that are not officially recorded by the police. - CORRECT

ANSWER -The dark figure of crime

_____________ refers to an estimate of crimes committed. - CORRECT

ANSWER -A crime index

A(n) ________ may be expressed as the number of crimes per unit of population. -

CORRECT ANSWER -crime rate

Which of the following terms is defined as a collection of crime statistics and other law enforcement information published annually under the title Crime in the United States? -

CORRECT ANSWER -the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR)

Which of the following crimes is a Part I offense? - CORRECT ANSWER -arson

________ is an act that is illegal for a juvenile but would not be a crime if committed by

an adult. - CORRECT ANSWER -A status offense

Which of the following statements highlights the most important difference between the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the uniform crime reports

(UCR)? - CORRECT ANSWER -Compared with the UCR, the NIBRS makes it

possible to examine crimes in much more detail because it contains more data on each crime. For which of the following crimes could you find data in the UCR but not the NCVS? -

CORRECT ANSWER -Murder

Which of the following statements is true about self-report crime surveys? -

CORRECT ANSWER -They ask selected subjects whether they have committed

crimes. Which of the following is defined as the number of offenses for which at least one person has been arrested, charged with the commission of the offense, and turned over

to the court for prosecution? - CORRECT ANSWER -crime index offenses

cleared For many crime victims, ________ is the most burdensome and lasting consequence of

their victimization. - CORRECT ANSWER -fear

Which of the following is the most important problem with the M'Naghten rule? -

CORRECT ANSWER -It fails to address the situation of a defendant who knew

the difference between right and wrong but was unable to control his or her actions. According to official statistics, about ________ of all crimes committed annually are

violent crimes. - CORRECT ANSWER -10-15 percent

To date, most self-report crime surveys conducted in the United States have been

administered to ________. - CORRECT ANSWER -school children

________ is a formal means of social control that involves the use of rules that are

interpreted, and are enforceable, by the courts of a political community. - CORRECT

ANSWER -Criminal law

A crime is a violation of the ________ of a political jurisdiction. - CORRECT

ANSWER -penal code

Which of the following penal sanctions is used primarily to prevent undesired conduct

and to provide retribution? - CORRECT ANSWER -punishment

The criminal law of the United States, for the most part, is derived from the laws of -

CORRECT ANSWER -England

In common law, the decision in a particular case becomes a potential basis, or

________, for deciding the outcomes of similar cases in the future. - CORRECT

ANSWER -precedent

The principle of using precedents to guide future decisions in court cases is called

________. - CORRECT ANSWER -stare decisis

Most of the procedural, or due process, rights given to criminal suspects or defendants

in the United States are found in - CORRECT ANSWER -the Bill of Rights.

Which of the following Amendments extends the procedural safeguards of the Bill of

Rights to people charged with state crimes? - CORRECT ANSWER -Fourteenth

The ________ protects American citizens from "unreasonable searches and seizures." -

CORRECT ANSWER -Fourth Amendment

In which of the following cases was the exclusionary rule extended to state courts? -

CORRECT ANSWER -Mapp v. Ohio

What do the following three Supreme Court cases share in common: United States v.

Leon, Massachusetts v. Sheppard, and Nix v. Williams? - CORRECT ANSWER -

They provide exceptions to the exclusionary rule. You learn that the police have attached a GPS device to your vehicle without a valid warrant. According to the Supreme Court, this violates the _________ Amendment. -

CORRECT ANSWER -Fourth

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court broaden the protection against compelled self-incrimination to cover nearly all custodial police interrogations? -

CORRECT ANSWER -Miranda v. Arizona

In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court extend the Sixth Amendment right to be represented by an attorney to indigent defendants facing felony charges in

state courts? - CORRECT ANSWER -Gideon v. Wainwright

The right to counsel may be waived only if the waiver is made - CORRECT

ANSWER -knowingly, intelligently, and voluntarily.

What is the most important factor contributing to wrongful convictions? - CORRECT

ANSWER -eyewitness misidentification

The vast majority of American law enforcement agencies are - CORRECT

ANSWER -local

The basic concepts of American law enforcement and criminal justice originated in -

CORRECT ANSWER -England

By the 1970s, research began to show that - CORRECT ANSWER -unattended

disorderly behavior is a signal to more serious criminals that they can move in and operate with impunity. According to Sir Robert Peel, the main function of the police was to prevent crime by

which method? - CORRECT ANSWER -preventive patrol

Early American citizens ________ the formation of the first police departments. -

CORRECT ANSWER -resisted

Which was the first American city to create a paid and unified municipal police force? -

CORRECT ANSWER -New York

Which of the following characteristics of today's police was taken up by municipal police

officers after the American Civil War? - CORRECT ANSWER -They began to

wear uniforms. How did people maintain order and defend against criminals on the American frontier? -

CORRECT ANSWER -They engaged in vigilantism

Which of the following is one of the principles advocated by August Vollmer to

professionalize American policing? - CORRECT ANSWER -Education is a key

ingredient in professionalizing policing.

Which of the following statements about community policing is TRUE? - CORRECT

ANSWER -Community policing called for a shift from incident-based crime fighting to

a problem-oriented approach. Who were the first federal law enforcement agents in the United States? -

CORRECT ANSWER -the U.S. Marshals

Why was the U.S. Secret Service created? - CORRECT ANSWER -to combat

counterfeiting Which of the following U.S. Presidents created the Drug Enforcement Administration

(DEA)? - CORRECT ANSWER -Richard Nixon

The federal law that began the War on Drugs in the U.S. was the __________ -

CORRECT ANSWER -Harrison Act

The majority of public law enforcement agencies are considered to be _______ -

CORRECT ANSWER -local police agencies

Breaking up a fight, holding back a crowd at a sporting event, or intervening in a domestic dispute before it gets violent are examples of the police duty of -

CORRECT ANSWER -order maintenance.

Taking people to the hospital, escorting funeral processions, delivering mail for city officials, or chasing bats out of a caller's house are examples of the police duty of -

CORRECT ANSWER -service