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Iliad Book XVIII: Characters and Deities with Potential Confusions, Lecture notes of Creative writing

An overview of the major characters and deities in iliad book xviii, including greeks such as achilleus, agamemnon, and patroklos, trojans like hektor and priam, and deities such as hephaistos, iris, and hera. It also includes a crossword puzzle related to iliad book xxii for additional practice.

What you will learn

  • Who is the person whom Athene assisted on the battlefield in Iliad Book XXII?
  • Who is the wife of Hektor?
  • Who is the commander-in-chief of the Greeks and the brother of Menelaos?
  • Who is Achilleus’ mother and what type of sea-god is she?
  • What is another name for Achilleus?
  • Who was the first Trojan to see Achilleus returning to the city?

Typology: Lecture notes

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/27/2022

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Iliad Book XVIII
Characters in Book XVIII of the Iliad
Greeks
Achilleus is the leader of the Myrmidons, a group of Greek soldiers. He is the son of Peleus and
the grandson of Aiakos. Sometimes Achilleus is called Peleion in honor of his father,
sometimes Aiakides in honor of his grandfather.
Agamemnon is commander-in-chief of the Greeks. He is the brother of Menelaos who is the
husband of Helen, the woman that Paris brought to Troy.
Aiantes is the word used to refer to the two Greeks named Aias. Telamonian Aias is the son of
Telamon. “Swift” Aias is the son of Oileus.
Antilochos is the messenger who brings news of Patroklos’ death. He is the son of Nestor.
Patroklos is Achilleus’ best friend. He is the son of Menoitios.
Trojans
Hektor is a Trojan prince.
Poulydamas is a Trojan warrior known for
his sound advice.
Priam is the current king of Troy.
Deities
Charis is a wife of Hephaistos.
Hephaistos is the blacksmith of the gods. He makes Achilleus’ new armor.
Iris is a messenger goddess who brings word that Achilleus must arm himself.
Hera is the queen of the gods. She is a protectress of the Greeks.
Pallas Athene is the goddess of war. She is a protectress of the Greeks.
The epithet Pallas refers either to (1) Athene’s friend, Pallas, whom Athene killed during an
argument or (2) the word “pallas” itself which means “maiden.”
Phoibos Apollo is the sun god. Phoibos means “bright.”
Thetis is Achilleus’ mother. She is a Nereid, a daughter of Nereus, a sea-god.
Potentially Confusing References in the Iliad Book XVIII
Achaians are Greeks.
Ilion is Troy. The Troad is Troy and the area surrounding it.
Dardanians are Trojans.
The Skaian Gates are located in the wall surrounding Troy
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Iliad Book XVIII

Characters in Book XVIII of the Iliad

Greeks

Achilleus is the leader of the Myrmidons, a group of Greek soldiers. He is the son of Peleus and the grandson of Aiakos. Sometimes Achilleus is called Peleion in honor of his father, sometimes Aiakides in honor of his grandfather. Agamemnon is commander-in-chief of the Greeks. He is the brother of Menelaos who is the husband of Helen, the woman that Paris brought to Troy. Aiantes is the word used to refer to the two Greeks named Aias. Telamonian Aias is the son of Telamon. “Swift” Aias is the son of Oileus. Antilochos is the messenger who brings news of Patroklos’ death. He is the son of Nestor. Patroklos is Achilleus’ best friend. He is the son of Menoitios.

Trojans

Hektor is a Trojan prince. Poulydamas is a Trojan warrior known for his sound advice. Priam is the current king of Troy.

Deities

Charis is a wife of Hephaistos.

Hephaistos is the blacksmith of the gods. He makes Achilleus’ new armor.

Iris is a messenger goddess who brings word that Achilleus must arm himself.

Hera is the queen of the gods. She is a protectress of the Greeks.

Pallas Athene is the goddess of war. She is a protectress of the Greeks.

The epithet Pallas refers either to (1) Athene’s friend, Pallas, whom Athene killed during an argument or (2) the word “pallas” itself which means “maiden.”

Phoibos Apollo is the sun god. Phoibos means “bright.”

Thetis is Achilleus’ mother. She is a Nereid, a daughter of Nereus, a sea-god.

Potentially Confusing References in the Iliad Book XVIII

Achaians are Greeks.

Ilion is Troy. The Troad is Troy and the area surrounding it.

Dardanians are Trojans.

The Skaian Gates are located in the wall surrounding Troy

Iliad Book XXII

Crossword Puzzle: Iliad Book XXII

Across

  1. Person whom Athene assisted on the battlefield
  2. Vehicle to which Hektor was fastened after his death
  3. Man known as the "breaker of horses"
  4. Wife of King Priam
  5. Woman over whom the Trojan War was fought
  6. Person who Hektor says will destroy Achilleus
  7. Son of Hektor
  8. Gates where Hektor stood fast awaiting Achilleus
  9. The Trojan who first saw Achilleus returning to the city
  10. Another name for Achilleus

Down

  1. Goddess whom Zeus told to “hold back no longer"
  2. Wife of Hektor
  3. Another name for the Greeks
  4. Another name by which Paris is known
  5. Man who had suggested to Hektor that the Trojans should take refuge back in their city
  6. Form in which Athene visited Hektor
  7. The Greek from whom Hektor took the armor that he is currently wearing in the war
  8. The disguised god whom Achilleus pursued