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Definitions and functions of various terms related to anatomy and physiology, including homeostasis, visceral organs, anabolic and catabolic processes, and the study of anatomy through observation, manipulation, palpation, and auscultation. It also covers different types of fluids, inflammations, and systems in the human body.
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Caused by loss or disturbance of homeostatic function, leads to disease and agingHomeostasis: EaseDisease: Loss of Ease TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 Internal organs in the ventral body cavity TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 Anabolic is to make or synthesize, Catabolic is to break down. *Anabolic should outpace catabolic! TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Observation: macral and micral Manipulation: range of motion Palpation: feeling Auscultation: listening to organ sounds (stethoscope) TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 Thin, lubricating fluid separating serous membranes. *Between visceral/parietal serosa and other membranes
Inflammation of the pleura: a membrane that lines inner side of chest cavity and the layer of tissue surrounding lungs. *Lack of surfactant: pulmonary liquid secreted in alveolar space TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 Inflammation of the peritoneum, typically caused by bacterial infections TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 Inflammation of the pericardium TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 Forms external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury. Synthesizes Vitamin D, houses cutaneous pain/pressure receptors and sweat/oil glands. Hair Skin Nails TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 Protects and supports body organs and provides framework the muscles use to cause movement. Blood cells are formed within the bones and bones store minerals. Bones Joints
Blood vessels transport blood; which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and wastes. The heart pumps blood. Heart Blood Vessels TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 Fast-acting control system of the body, responding to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles/glands. Brain Spinal Cord Nerves TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells; indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces. Oral Cavity Esophagus Liver Stomach Rectum Anus Small Intestine Large Intestine TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen. The gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs. Nasal Cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchus Lung TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 Right Upper Quadrant Left Upper Quadrant Right Lower Quadrant Left Lower Quadrant
Cecum Appendix Ascending Colon Right Ovary Right Fallopian Tube Right Ureter TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 Liver Gallbladder with Biliary Tree Duodenum Head of Pancreas Right Kidney Right Adrenal Gland Hepatic Flexure of Colon TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 Stomach Spleen Left Lobe of Liver Body of Pancreas Left Kidney Left Adrenal Gland Splenetic Flexure of Colon Parts of Transverse and Descending Colon TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 Descending Colon Sigmoid Colon Left Ovary Left Fallopian Tube Left Ureter TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 Maintaining Boundaries: both external and cellular Movement: contractility Responsiveness: excitability and irritability Digestion: physical and chemical absorption Metabolism: state of change Excretion Reproduction: maintain healthy, viable tissue Growth: anabolic and catabolic *All cells have to grow!
Magnesium Hydroxide: MgOH2 antacids, toothpaste and deodorant; also a laxative Bicarbonate Ion: HCO3 works with carbonic acid, which is used to balance blood pH Ammonia: NH3 common waste product of protein breakdown/synthesis *Cells are protein factories! TERM 32
DEFINITION 32 Acetic Acid: CH3CO2 vinegar, involved in cellular respiration which is a metabolic process to convert energy from nutrients into ATP Carbonic Acid: H2CO3 acts as an acid-base buffer, which controls how base or acidic blood is (acid-base homeostasis) Lactic Acid C3H6O3 built up by-product of muscle contraction Hydrochloric Acid: HCl produced by stomach cells to aid in the digestion and breaking down of nutrients TERM 33
DEFINITION 33 Study of Structure TERM 34
DEFINITION 34 Study of Function TERM 35
DEFINITION 35 Base of, like, containing or having the properties of an alkali. pH value is greater than 7
Ionic compound containing cations other than hydrogen and anions other than the hydroxyl ion. Salts are dissolved in water and dissociate into component ions. *All ions are electrolytes! TERM 37
DEFINITION 37 Sodium Chloride: NaCl controls water movement through osmosis; wherever sodium goes, water will follow-diarrhea Calcium Carbonate: Ca2CO3 the go signal for muscle contraction, also found in bones and teeth Potassium Chloride: KCl involved in cardiac functions and nerve impulses TERM 38
DEFINITION 38 Substances that conduct an electrical current in solution. *All ions! TERM 39
DEFINITION 39 Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus Form covalent bonds and share electrons Large and complex molecules TERM 40
DEFINITION 40 Don't always contain carbon, carbon isn't central Form ionic bonds and transfer electrons Weak bonds Smaller and less complex 4 types of inorganic compounds are water, salts, acids and bases