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What are the 4 possible outcomes of
microbial control used outside of body
sterilizationdisinfectiondecontamination
(sanitization)antisepsis
TERM 2
Define Sterilization
DEFINITION 2
Destroys or removes all viablemicroorganismsincluding
virusesgetting rid of everything
TERM 3
Disinfection
DEFINITION 3
to destroy allvegetativepathogensbut not bacterial
endosporesi.e. boiling food utensils
TERM 4
Decontamination/ Sanitization
DEFINITION 4
mechanically removes microorganisms to a safe leveli.e.
soaps, dish washers
TERM 5
Antisepsis/ Degermation
DEFINITION 5
reduces number of microbes on the human skininvolves
scrubbing the skin or immersing it in chemicalsi.e. rubbing
alcohol on patients
What is considered to be the most resistant
microbial entities
Endospores
TERM 7
The goal of sterilization
DEFINITION 7
destruction of bacterial endospores
TERM 8
Any process that kills endospores
will
DEFINITION 8
kill all less resistant microbial forms
TERM 9
Process that we use to get rid of bacteria
contamination
DEFINITION 9
sterilization & disinfection
TERM 10
Chemical that destroys bacteria EXCEPT for
those at the endospore stage
DEFINITION 10
Bactericide
Asepsis
any practice that prevents the entry of infectious agents into
sterile tissues & thus prevents infection
TERM 17
what technique is practiced in healthcare;
range from sterile methods to antisepsis &
prevents contamination
DEFINITION 17
aseptic technique
TERM 18
Antiseptics
DEFINITION 18
chemical agents applied to body surface, wounds, & surgical
incisions to prevent vegetative pathogens
TERM 19
examples of antiseptics
DEFINITION 19
preparing skin before surgical incisions with iodine
compoundsopen root canal w/ hydrogen peroxidehand
washing with germicidal soap
TERM 20
stasis and static mean
DEFINITION 20
to stand still
Antiseptics & drugs often have
MICROBISTATIC effects because
microbicidal compounds can be toxic to human cells
TERM 22
What is Microbial Death?
DEFINITION 22
permanent termination of organism's vital processesno
longer able to reproduce
TERM 23
Death of the whole population is not _____ -
what is 10% rule
DEFINITION 23
notinstantaneous- 10% population dies in a certain amount
of time
TERM 24
True or False Death ends when a certain
threshold of microbicidal agent is met
DEFINITION 24
FALSEDeath BEGINS when a certain threshold of microbicidal
agent is met
TERM 25
Death continues in a logarithmic manner as
the
DEFINITION 25
time or concentration is increased
Cellular Target: Cell Membrane
bind to lipid layer of cell membrane, opening it up & allowing
injurious chemicals to enter & important ions to exit cell
TERM 32
Cellular Target: Cellular Synthesis
DEFINITION 32
can interrupt synthesis of proteins via ribosomes
TERM 33
Cellular Target: Proteins
DEFINITION 33
capable of denaturing proteins (breaking of peptide bonds)
TERM 34
Surfactant molecules
DEFINITION 34
interfere with lipidsi.e. detergent on oily dish
TERM 35
The use of iodine compounds to prepare the
skin for surgery is known as
DEFINITION 35
degermation
Elevated temperatures are Lower
temperatures are
microbicidalmicrobistatic
TERM 37
Hot water, boiling water, or steam
DEFINITION 37
Moist heat
TERM 38
Dry heat
DEFINITION 38
hot air or open flame
TERM 39
what heat is most effective
DEFINITION 39
Moist heat
TERM 40
Microbicidal effect is the coagulation
DEFINITION 40
denaturation of proteins
the lowest temperature required to kill all
microbes in a same in 10 minutes is
TDP- Thermal death point(we set a point and see when they
all die)
TERM 47
Benefit of cold treatment is
DEFINITION 47
to SLOW growth of cultures & microbes in food during
processing & storage
TERM 48
T or F Phsycropiles grow fast at freezing
temperatures and secrete toxic products
DEFINITION 48
FALSE; grow SLOWLY
TERM 49
Staphylococcus auresus, Clostridium species,
Streptococcus species, Salmonella &
yeasts,molds & viruses are all pathogens that
DEFINITION 49
are able to survive several months in the fridge
TERM 50
Vegetative cells directly exposed to normal
room temperature gradually become
dehydrated is called
DEFINITION 50
Desiccation
What 2 bacteria die after a few hours of air
drying?
Streptococcus pneumoniae and spirochete of syphilis,
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
TERM 52
Lyophilization is the combination of ___ &
___
DEFINITION 52
freezing and drying
TERM 53
Lyophilization removes ____ & freezes
it
DEFINITION 53
H2O
