Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Memory Terms and Definitions, Quizzes of Psychology

Definitions for various terms related to memory, including explicit and implicit memory, reconstructive memory, flashbulb memories, confabulation, and more. It also covers memory models, encoding, storage, retrieval, cognitive schemas, and various memory effects.

Typology: Quizzes

Pre 2010

Uploaded on 10/29/2009

fopod1
fopod1 🇺🇸

7 documents

1 / 11

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
TERM 1
Memory
DEFINITION 1
the capacity to retain and retrieve information, and also the
structures that account for this capacity.
TERM 2
Reconstructive Memory
DEFINITION 2
memory that is altered in ways that help us make sense of
the material, based on what we already know or think we
know.
TERM 3
Source Missattribution
DEFINITION 3
Difficulty separating their original experiences from what
they added after the fact.
TERM 4
Flashbulb Memories
DEFINITION 4
The vivid recollections of surprising, shocking, or tragic
events.
TERM 5
Confabulation
DEFINITION 5
Confusing an event that happened to someone else with one
that happened to you, or coming to believe that you
remember something that never really happened.
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa

Partial preview of the text

Download Memory Terms and Definitions and more Quizzes Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!

Memory

the capacity to retain and retrieve information, and also the

structures that account for this capacity.

TERM 2

Reconstructive Memory

DEFINITION 2

memory that is altered in ways that help us make sense of

the material, based on what we already know or think we

know.

TERM 3

Source Missattribution

DEFINITION 3

Difficulty separating their original experiences from what

they added after the fact.

TERM 4

Flashbulb Memories

DEFINITION 4

The vivid recollections of surprising, shocking, or tragic

events.

TERM 5

Confabulation

DEFINITION 5

Confusing an event that happened to someone else with one

that happened to you, or coming to believe that you

remember something that never really happened.

Explicit Memory

Conscious, intentional recollection of an event or an item of

information.

TERM 7

Recall

DEFINITION 7

The ability to retrieve and reproduce information

encountered earlier.

TERM 8

Recognition

DEFINITION 8

The ability to identify information encountered earlier.

TERM 9

Implicit Memory

DEFINITION 9

Information encountered in the past that affects our

thoughts and actions even though we do not consciously or

intentionally remember.

TERM 10

Priming

DEFINITION 10

Information is presented to people and later they are tested

to see if the information affected their performance on

another type of task.

Cognitive Schemas

Metal networks of knowledge, beliefs, and expectations

concerning particular topics of aspects of the world.

TERM 17

"Three-box Model"

DEFINITION 17

Sensory register retains incoming sensory information for a

second of two, until it is processed further. Then, short-term

memory holds a limited amount of information for a brief

period of time, perhaps up to 30 seconds. Then, long-term

memory accounts for longer storage of information.

TERM 18

Parallel Distributed Processing(PDP) Model

DEFINITION 18

(aka "connectionist model") Represents the contents of

memory as connections among a huge number of interacting

processing units, distributed in a vast network and all

operating in paraller-just like the neurons of the brain.

TERM 19

Sensory Register

DEFINITION 19

The entryway of memory. Retains memory for only a couple

of seconds.

TERM 20

Chunks

DEFINITION 20

Larger units containing small bits of information.

Short-term Memory(STM)

Retains information for up to 30 seconds

TERM 22

Working Memory

DEFINITION 22

The mental processes that control the rehearsal and retrieval

of information from long-term memory and interpret that

information appropriately depending on the task you are

doing.

TERM 23

Declarative Memories

DEFINITION 23

Memories of knowing that something is true; assumed to be

explicit

TERM 24

Long-term Memory

DEFINITION 24

Memory that can last as little as a few days or as long as

decades.

TERM 25

Episodic Memories

DEFINITION 25

Internal representations of personally experiences events

Recency Effect

When shown a list of items, remembering items at the end of

the list.

TERM 32

Effortful Encoding

DEFINITION 32

Selecting and labeling the main points.

TERM 33

Maintenance Rehearsal

DEFINITION 33

The rote repetition of the material.

TERM 34

Elaborative Rehearsal

DEFINITION 34

Associating new items of information with material that has

already been stored or with other new facts.

TERM 35

Shallow Processing

DEFINITION 35

Simply processing information based on physical or sensory

features of a stimulus.

Deep Processing

The processing of meaning.

TERM 37

Mnemonics

DEFINITION 37

formal strategies and tricks for encoding, storing, and

retaining information.

TERM 38

Decay Theory

DEFINITION 38

Memories fade with time if they are not retrieved

occasionally.

TERM 39

Retroactive Interference

DEFINITION 39

When new information interferes with old information.

TERM 40

Proactive Interference

DEFINITION 40

When old information interferes with new information.

Psychogenic Amnesia

Amnesia caused by a need to escape feelings of

embarassment, guilt, shame, disappointment, or emotional

shock.

TERM 47

Traumatic Amnesia

DEFINITION 47

Burying of specific traumatic events for long periods of time,

often for many years.

TERM 48

Repression

DEFINITION 48

The involuntary pushing of threatening or upsetting

information into the unconscious.

TERM 49

Childhood(infantile) Amnesia

DEFINITION 49

Having no autobiographical memories for events that

happened before the third or fourth year of life.

TERM 50

Narrative

DEFINITION 50

A person's "life story" that organizes the events of his or her

life and gives them meaning.