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adaptive control of thought (ACT) model of
memory
A theory of memory developed by John Anderson that specifies a networked memory comprised of working memory, declarative memory, and procedural memory. TERM 2
characteristic feature
DEFINITION 2 A feature that is typically, though not always, a part of an object or concept. TERM 3
cognitive economy
DEFINITION 3 A principle of hierarchical semantic networks such that properties and facts about a node are stored at the highest level possible. For example, the fact is alive would be stored with the node for animal rather than stored with each node under animal, such as dog, cat, and the like. TERM 4
declarative memory
DEFINITION 4 A memory system thought to contain knowledge, facts, information, ideas, or anything that can be recalled and described in words, pictures, or symbols. TERM 5
defining feature
DEFINITION 5 A feature that is necessarily a part of an object or concept. Also called anecessary feature.
episodic memory
A memory system proposed by Tulving that is thought to hold memories of specific events with which the cognitive processor had direct experience. TERM 7
explicit memory
DEFINITION 7 Consciously recalled or recollected memory. TERM 8
feature comparison model of semantic
memory
DEFINITION 8 A model of semantic memory positing that words or concepts are mentally represented in terms of a set of elements calledfeatures. TERM 9
hierarchical semantic network model of
semantic memory
DEFINITION 9 A model of semantic memory organized in terms of nodes and links, which stores properties at the highest relevant node to conserve cognitive economy. TERM 10
implicit memory
DEFINITION 10 Memory that is not deliberate or conscious but exhibits evidence of prior experience.
production rules
A hypothesized mental representation of procedural memory, which specifies a goal to be achieved, one or more conditions that must be true in order for the rule to be applied, and one or more actions that result from the application of the rule TERM 17
repetition
priming
DEFINITION 17 Priming that facilitates the cognitive processing of information after a recent exposure to that same information. TERM 18
schema
DEFINITION 18 an organized framework for representing knowledge that typically includes characters, plots, and settings, and incorporates both general knowledge about the world and information about particular event TERM 19
script
DEFINITION 19 A schema for routine events. TERM 20
semantic memory
DEFINITION 20 A memory system proposed by Tulving that is thought to hold memories of general knowledge.
semantic network
A depiction of semantic memory consisting of nodes (which roughly correspond to words or concepts) and connections between nodes. TERM 22
semantic
priming
DEFINITION 22 A phenomenon in which exposure to one word (e.g.,nurse) facilitates the recognition of semantically related words (e.g.,doctor) TERM 23
source-monitoring errors
DEFINITION 23 An inability to remember the original source of a memory. TERM 24
spreading activation
DEFINITION 24 the excitation of one node in a semantic network by the excitation of another node to which it is connected; the excitation is said to flow across the connections. TERM 25
stage theories
DEFINITION 25 Theories of development that postulate qualitatively different periods (stages).
