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Chapter 4 Study Guide – Psychology |, Study notes of Psychology

St. Johns River Community CollegePsychology

Material Type: Notes; Class: Psychology; Subject: Psychology; University: St. Johns River Community College; Term: Forever 1989;

Typology: Study notes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 04/04/2010

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Chapter Four
I. Circadian Rhythm
A. Influence of Circadian Rhythms
1. Circadian timing system is involved in
the 24 hour variation of virtually every
physiological and psychological variable
B. Researchers have studied
C. Suprachiasmatic nucleus-biological clock that
controls circadian rhythms
1. Environmental cues
2. Dusk-melatonin
3. Body temperature
D. Disruptions in Circadian rhythms
1. Jet lag
2. Light mask
pf3
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Chapter Four I. Circadian Rhythm A. Influence of Circadian Rhythms

  1. Circadian timing system is involved in the 24 hour variation of virtually every physiological and psychological variable B. Researchers have studied C. Suprachiasmatic nucleus-biological clock that controls circadian rhythms
  2. Environmental cues
  3. Dusk-melatonin
  4. Body temperature D. Disruptions in Circadian rhythms
  5. Jet lag
  6. Light mask

II. Sleep A. NREM sleep and REM sleep

  1. Non rapid eye movement a. Heart rate and respiration slow and regular b. Blood pressure and brain activity at lowest point for 24 hour period c. Stage 1-4 sleep
  2. Rapid eye movement sleep a. 20 to 25% of normal night’s sleep b. Brain metabolism increases c. Epinephrine released d. Arms, legs, trunk paralyzed
  3. REM rebound a. When someone misses REM sleep, they get more the next time they sleep b. Alcohol, cocaine, amphetamines, and LSD suppress REM

F. Dreams

  1. REM dreams-most vivid
  2. NREM dreams not as memorable
  3. REM sleep a. High levels of dopamine b. Different neurons firing when asleep
  4. Lucid dreaming G. Interpreting dreams
  5. Freud a. Manifest content b. Latent content
  6. Evolutionary view
  7. Activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming H. Sleep disorders- parasomnias
  8. Somnambulism- sleep walking
  9. Somniloquy- sleep talking
  10. Sleep terrors happen in stage 4
  11. Nightmares-happen in REM
  12. Narcolepsy
  13. Sleep apnea
  14. Insomnia

III. Meditation and Hypnosis A. Meditation

  1. Concentration on an object, breathing, or other physical sensation to the point there are no distractions
  2. Imposes an altered state of consciousness
  3. Prayer B. Hypnosis p 120
  4. Sociocognitive theory of hypnosis- behavior of subject is due to their expectations
  5. Neodissociation theory of hypnosis- dissociation between two aspects of the control of consciousness: the planning function and the monitoring function
  6. Theory of dissociated control-hypnosis weakens control of the executive function over the other parts of consciousness

E. Behavioral Effects of psychoactive drugs p