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Achieved Status
A status that somebody secures on the basis of choice and competition TERM 2
aggregate
DEFINITION 2 collection of anonymous individuals who are in one place at the same time TERM 3
ascribed status
DEFINITION 3 A status assigned to somebody by their society or group TERM 4
category
DEFINITION 4 a collection of people who share characteristics that is deemed to be of social significance TERM 5
counterculture
DEFINITION 5 A subculture whose norms and values are substantially at odds with those of the larger society
cultural relativism
a neutral approach that views the behavior of a people from the perspective of their own culture TERM 7
cultural universals
DEFINITION 7 patterned and recurrent aspects of life that appear in all known societies TERM 8
culture
DEFINITION 8 social heritage of a people; those learned patterns for thinking, feeling, and acting that are transmitted from one generation to the next, including the embodiment of these patterns in material items TERM 9
duties
DEFINITION 9 actions that others can legitimately insist that we perform TERM 10
ethnocentrism
DEFINITION 10 the tendency to judge the behavior of other groups by the standards of one's own culture
master status
key or core status that carries primary weight in a person's interactions and relationships with others TERM 17
mores
DEFINITION 17 norms to which people attach a good deal of importance and exact strict conformity TERM 18
norms
DEFINITION 18 social rules that specify appropriate and inappropriate behavior in a given situation TERM 19
rights
DEFINITION 19 actions that we can legitimately insist that others perform TERM 20
role
DEFINITION 20 a set of expectations (rights and duties) that define behavior people view as appropriate and inappropriate for the occupant of a status
role conflict
the situation in which individuals are confronted with conflicting expectations stemming from their simultaneous occupancy of two or more statuses TERM 22
role exit
DEFINITION 22 occurs when people stop playing roles that have been central to their social identities TERM 23
role performance
DEFINITION 23 actual behavior of the person who occupies a status TERM 24
role
set
DEFINITION 24 multiple roles associated with a single status TERM 25
role strain
DEFINITION 25 situation in which individuals find the expectations of a single role incompatible, so that they have difficulty performing the role
values
broad ideas regarding what is desirable, correct, and good that most members of a society share
