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Intimacy and Communication in Relationships: A Comprehensive Guide, Exams of Communication

The nature of intimacy and its role in various relationships, including intimate conversations, familial relationships, and long-term partnerships. It delves into the characteristics of intimate conversations, the impact of parental communication on attachment styles, and the importance of effective communication in friendships and romantic relationships. It also discusses the role of digital communication in establishing and maintaining relationships.

What you will learn

  • What are the primary styles of parenting and their approaches to discipline and nurturance?
  • How does communication vary across different types of family relationships?
  • What are the characteristics of intimate conversations?
  • What are the guidelines for improving communication in families?
  • How does parental communication affect attachment styles?

Typology: Exams

2021/2022

Uploaded on 09/12/2022

shezi
shezi 🇺🇸

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Chapter 13 Outline
(Italicized words are key words)
I. The nature of intimacy is an interaction pattern, as both your messages and your
partner’s responses make a conversation an intimate interaction.
A. There are characteristics of intimate conversations.
1. Emotional disclosures reveal sensitive, private, and personally
risky information, signaling to our partners the desire for intimacy.
2. Mutual understanding involves partners comprehending what the
other person is saying from both their own and their partner’s point
of view.
3. Warm feelings are the positive feelings you have about yourself
and your partner during and immediately after an interaction,
including happiness, excitement, yearning, peace, gratitude,
contentment, desire, and love.
4. Cohesiveness is a sense of togetherness that we develop from
sharing time, activities, and relationships with others, and creating
a shared identity.
a. Intimate relationships are characterized by partners
who share regular intimate interactions, feel affection for each
other, and trust each other, and are cohesive.
II. Families are made up of people who share their lives over long periods of time bound
by ties of marriage, blood, or commitment, legal or otherwise, who consider themselves a
family, and who share a significant history and anticipated future of functioning in a family
relationship.
A. There are two fundamental dimensions of parents’ communication
with their children.
1. Nurturing parental communication involves parental messages that
encourage a child’s physical, social, emotional, and intellectual
development.
2. Controlling parental communication involves parental messages
that attempt to influence or regulate a child’s behavior.
B. Depending on how consistently and appropriately caregivers respond to
their needs for nurturance, infants develop different working models of
attachment, mental models of whether others are trustworthy and whether
they themselves are worthy of care.
1. Secure attachment is the belief that they are worthy of care and
that others can be trusted to provide it.
2. Anxious-ambivalent attachmentthe belief that they are not
worthy of care and that others cannot be trusted.
3. Avoidant attachmentthe belief that they are worthy of care but
that others are untrustworthy.
4. Attachment styles are adult perceptions of self-worth and trust in
others.
a. A secure attachment style is having high self-worth
and trusting others.
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Chapter 13 Outline

(Italicized words are key words)

I. The nature of intimacy is an interaction pattern, as both your messages and your partner’s responses make a conversation an intimate interaction. A. There are characteristics of intimate conversations.

  1. Emotional disclosures reveal sensitive, private, and personally risky information, signaling to our partners the desire for intimacy.
  2. Mutual understanding involves partners comprehending what the other person is saying from both their own and their partner’s point of view.
  3. Warm feelings are the positive feelings you have about yourself and your partner during and immediately after an interaction, including happiness, excitement, yearning, peace, gratitude, contentment, desire, and love.
  4. Cohesiveness is a sense of togetherness that we develop from sharing time, activities, and relationships with others, and creating a shared identity. a. Intimate relationships are characterized by partners who share regular intimate interactions, feel affection for each other, and trust each other, and are cohesive. II. Families are made up of people who share their lives over long periods of time bound by ties of marriage, blood, or commitment, legal or otherwise, who consider themselves a family, and who share a significant history and anticipated future of functioning in a family relationship. A. There are two fundamental dimensions of parents’ communication with their children.
  5. Nurturing parental communication involves parental messages that encourage a child’s physical, social, emotional, and intellectual development.
  6. Controlling parental communication involves parental messages that attempt to influence or regulate a child’s behavior. B. Depending on how consistently and appropriately caregivers respond to their needs for nurturance, infants develop different working models of attachment, mental models of whether others are trustworthy and whether they themselves are worthy of care.
  7. Secure attachment is the belief that they are worthy of care and that others can be trusted to provide it.
  8. Anxious-ambivalent attachment —the belief that they are not worthy of care and that others cannot be trusted.
  9. Avoidant attachment —the belief that they are worthy of care but that others are untrustworthy.
  10. Attachment styles are adult perceptions of self-worth and trust in others. a. A secure attachment style is having high self-worth and trusting others.

b. A dismissive attachment style is characterized by high self-worth but lack of trust in others. c. A preoccupied attachment style combines low self-worth with high trust in others. d. A fearful attachment style involves the combination of low self-worth and low trust in others. C. There are three primary styles of parenting that differ in their approaches to discipline and to nurturance.

  1. A permissive parenting style involves moderate to high levels of nurturing but little control over children’s behavior.
  2. An authoritarian parenting style combines high levels of control with low levels of nurturing.
  3. An authoritative parenting style is characterized by firm control balanced with ample nurturing. D. Parental communication also affects children by providing a model of communication. E. Communication varies across types of family relationships.
  4. Fictive kin —people who are considered family members even through there is no genetic or marital tie.
  5. When younger family members speak to elder ones, they often over-accommodate , excessively adapting their communication style to the perceived needs or desires of the older person. III. There are some guidelines that can help improve communication in the family. A. Keep the lines of communication open by creating opportunities for intimate communication. B. Respect individual interests and accomplishments. C. Recognize and adapt to change to allow all the family members to grow. IV. Friendships are voluntary, platonic relationships characterized by equality and reciprocity, and five groups of communication skills are especially important for friendships. A. Initiation —friendships begin and are maintained when you or your partner makes the first move to get in touch with the other or start a conversation. B. Responsiveness —friends are sensitive and aware of their partners. Listening and responding skills help you focus on your friends’ needs and react appropriately. C. Self-disclosure —because friends share personal information and feelings with each other, a friendship is unlikely to form if people discuss only abstract ideas or surface issues. D. Emotional support people expect their friends to comfort and support them. E. Conflict management —friends will inevitably disagree about ideas or behaviors. V. Close friendships can be the most satisfying lifelong relationships. A. Male–male relationships regard practical help, mutual assistance, and companionship as indicators of caring.

feeling of suspicion that one’s partner values, likes, or loves someone else more than oneself. IX. Digital communication skills in personal relationships

  1. We use social media to strengthen our connections.
  2. Relationships are characterized by media multiplexity —meaning that we carry out those relationships through more than one form of social media. i. Those in closer relationships use more forms of social media. ii. This explains the presence of varying strengths in ties. iii. Strong ties are relationships that exhibit behavior that reflects heightened emotion, interdependence, intimacy, and high levels of closeness. iv. Weak ties are casual contacts that are more loosely connected to an individual’s social network.
  3. Maintaining relationships primarily through social media is related to weak ties. X. Initiating relationships
  4. Social networks are used to establish new relationships. i. These social networks are home to latent ties , potential relationships within a social circle that are present but have not been activated. ii. People are also explicitly seeking out new relationships using social media through dating sites.
  5. Reasons for forming new relationships online i. People are intrinsically motivated to reduce their uncertainty and to find people who have similarities with them. ii. Social information processing (SIP) theory : Our need to reduce uncertainty will encourage us to adapt our communication in online settings to reveal personal information about ourselves and to seek information from others.
  6. SIP is more likely to continue when interactions are longer or if there is a high expectation of future interactions.
  7. SIP further suggests that online relationship development might require more time to develop than traditional interpersonal relationships.
  8. Challenges in online relationship development i. Hyperpersonal communication theory posits that digital interactions become overly intimate because the context gives communicators different advantages.
  9. Communicators can strategically develop their presentation of self. This can happen in communication, photographs, and other forms.