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Definitions for various terms related to psychopharmacology, including antipsychotic drugs, antidepressants, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, tranquilizers, psychosurgery, electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, lithium carbonate, therapeutic window, psychoanalysis, psychodynamic therapy, behavior therapy, counterconditioning, cognitive therapy, rational emotive behavior therapy, humanist therapy, client-centered therapy, existential therapy, family systems perspective, couples therapy, integrative approach to psychotherapy, graduated exposure, transference, flooding, free association, systematic desensitization, scientist-practitioner gap, and therapeutic alliance.
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Used in the treatment of schizophreina; block or reduce the sensitivity of brain receptors that respond to the neurotransmitter, dopamine. TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 Drugs used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, phobias, and obsessive-compulsive disoder. TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 Antidepressants that elevate the level of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain by blocking or inhibiting an enzyme that deactivates these neurotransmitters. TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 Boost norepinephrine and serotonin by preventing reuptake of these substances. TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 Drugs commonly, but often inappropriately, prescribed for patients who complai of unhappiness, anxiety, or worry.
Entails destroying nerve fibers running from the prefrontal lobes to other brain areas. TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 A procedure used in cases of prolonged and severe major depression in which a brief brain seizure is induced. TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 A more recent and milder form of electrically stimulating the brains of severely depressed people. TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 A drug frequently given to people suffering from bipolar disorder. TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 Finding the correct dosage of medication to give to a patient.
A form of cognitive therapy devised by Albert Ellis, designed to challenge the client's unrealistic or irrational thoughts. TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 A form of psychotherapy based on the philosophy of humanism, which emphasizes people's free will to change, not past conflicts. TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 A humanist approach to therapy devised by Carl Rogers which emphasizes the therapist's empathy with the client and the use of unconditional positive regard. TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 A form of therapy designed to help clients explore the meaning of existence and face the great questions of life, such as death, freedom, alienation, and loneliness. TERM 20
DEFINITION 20 An approach to doing therapy with indviduals or families from the standpoint of seeing how each member forms part of a larger, interacting system.
Therapy designed to help people understand and resolve conflicts common to all relationships. TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 When psychotherapists draw on methods and ideas from various theories, which allows them to be more flexible in their treatment of their clients. TERM 23
DEFINITION 23 In behavior therapy, a method in which a person suffering from an anxiety disorder, such as a phobic or panic attacks, is gradually confronted with the feared object or situation until the anxiety subsides. TERM 24
DEFINITION 24 In psychodynamic therapies, a critical process in which the client transfers unconscious emotions or reactions, such as emotional feelings about his or her parents, onto the therapist. TERM 25
DEFINITION 25 In behavior therapy, a method in which the client is taken directly into the feared situation until the anxiety subsides.