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Wild Type
Wild type refers to the phenotype of the typical form of a species as it occurs in nature. Originally, the wild type was conceptualized as a product of the standard "normal" allele at a locus, in contrast to that produced by a non-standard, "mutant" allele. TERM 2
Y Chromosme
DEFINITION 2 The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes in mammals, including humans, and many other animals. TERM 3
X Chromosome
DEFINITION 3 The X chromosome is one of the two sex-determining chromosomes in many organisms, including mammals (the other is the Y chromosome), and is found in both males and females. TERM 4
Mosaic
DEFINITION 4 A mosaic is a piece of art or image made from the assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials. TERM 5
Dihyrid
DEFINITION 5 Dipyridamole is a medication that inhibits blood clot formation when given chronically and causes blood vessel dilation when given at high doses over a short time.
Recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. TERM 7
Map Unit
DEFINITION 7 In genetics, a centimorgan or map unit (m.u.) is a unit for measuring genetic linkage. TERM 8
Polploidy
DEFINITION 8 Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired sets of chromosomes. TERM 9
Duplication
DEFINITION 9 Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is a major mechanism through which new genetic material is generated during molecular evolution. TERM 10
Autosomes
DEFINITION 10 An autosome is a chromosome that is not an allosome. The members of an autosome pair in a diploid cell have the same morphology unlike those in allosome pairs which may have different structure.
Inversion
In meteorology, an inversion is a deviation from the normal change of an atmospheric property with altitude. TERM 17
Karyotope
DEFINITION 17 A karyotype is the number and appearance of chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. The term is also used for the complete set of chromosomes in a species or in an individual organism and for a test that detects this complement or measures the number. TERM 18
Homozygous
DEFINITION 18 Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism. TERM 19
Genetic Map
DEFINITION 19 Genetic linkage is the tendency of DNA sequences that are close together on a chromosome to be inherited together during the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction. TERM 20
Tetraploidy
DEFINITION 20 Polyploid cells and organisms are those containing more than two paired sets of chromosomes.
Translocation
In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to parts of the plant where needed. TERM 22
Hemizygous
DEFINITION 22 Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism. TERM 23
Barr Body
DEFINITION 23 A Barr body is the inactive X chromosome in a female somatic cell, rendered inactive in a process called lyonization, in those species in which sex is determined by the presence of the Y (including humans) or W chromosome rather than the diploidy of the X. TERM 24
Deletion
DEFINITION 24 In genetics, a deletion (also called gene deletion, deficiency, or deletion mutation) (sign: ) is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is lost during DNA replication. TERM 25
Genomic Imprinting
DEFINITION 25 Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon that causes genes to be expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner.
