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Antiprotozoal Agents: Exam Questions and Answers for Pharmacology Students, Exams of Pharmacology

Western University of Health Sciences (WesternU)Pharmacology

A series of exam questions and answers related to antiprotozoal agents, focusing on antimalarial drugs and treatments for parasitic infections. It covers topics such as g6pd deficiency, cinchonism, malaria prophylaxis, and adverse effects of drugs like chloroquine and mefloquine. The questions also address common intestinal parasites like giardiasis and treatments for conditions like trichomoniasis and pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, providing valuable insights for nursing students and healthcare professionals. It also highlights the importance of patient teaching and monitoring for adverse effects during antiprotozoal drug therapy, emphasizing the need for nurses to assess for conditions like folate deficiency and visual disturbances.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 06/09/2025

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Chapter 12 Antiprotozoal
Agents Exam Questions with
Answers
2. The nurse is caring for a patient of Greek descent who plans to travel to an area of the world in which
malaria is endemic. What should this patient be tested for before administering antimalarial
medications?
A) Tay-Sachs disease
B) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
C) Plasmodium
D) Penicillin allergy - Correct Answers: Ans:
B Feedback: Patients of Mediterranean descent, including Greeks, are more likely to have a G6PD
deficiency. When patients with this deficiency take primaquine, chloroquine, or quinine, an acute
hemolytic crisis may occur. Patients of Mediterranean descent should be tested for G6PD deficiency
before any antimalarial Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 188 drugs are
prescribed. Tay-Sachs disease is a disorder seen in those of middle-eastern descent that causes death of
the child by age 5. Plasmodium is the genus strain that causes malaria. Penicillin allergy has no
connection to this situation.
3. The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated with quinine (Qualaquin) for drug-resistant
malaria. The nurse will monitor the patient for cinchonism that will present with what manifestations?
A) Diarrhea, nausea, and fever
B) Yellowing of the sclera and skin
C) Tremors and ataxia
D) Vomiting, tinnitus, and vertigo - Correct Answers: Ans:
D Feedback: Patients with cinchonism or quinine toxicity may complain of tinnitus, headache, dizziness,
nausea, fever, tremors, and visual disturbances. Diarrhea, yellowing of the sclera or skin, and ataxia are
not associated with cinchonism.
4. Patients receiving chloroquine (Aralen Phosphate) for malaria prophylaxis should receive patient
teaching from the nurse, which includes instructions to receive what regularly?
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pf4
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pf9
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Chapter 12 Antiprotozoal

Agents Exam Questions with

Answers

  1. The nurse is caring for a patient of Greek descent who plans to travel to an area of the world in which malaria is endemic. What should this patient be tested for before administering antimalarial medications? A) Tay-Sachs disease B) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency C) Plasmodium D) Penicillin allergy - Correct Answers: Ans: B Feedback: Patients of Mediterranean descent, including Greeks, are more likely to have a G6PD deficiency. When patients with this deficiency take primaquine, chloroquine, or quinine, an acute hemolytic crisis may occur. Patients of Mediterranean descent should be tested for G6PD deficiency before any antimalarial Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology (8th Edition by Karch) 188 drugs are prescribed. Tay-Sachs disease is a disorder seen in those of middle-eastern descent that causes death of the child by age 5. Plasmodium is the genus strain that causes malaria. Penicillin allergy has no connection to this situation.
  2. The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated with quinine (Qualaquin) for drug-resistant malaria. The nurse will monitor the patient for cinchonism that will present with what manifestations? A) Diarrhea, nausea, and fever B) Yellowing of the sclera and skin C) Tremors and ataxia D) Vomiting, tinnitus, and vertigo - Correct Answers: Ans: D Feedback: Patients with cinchonism or quinine toxicity may complain of tinnitus, headache, dizziness, nausea, fever, tremors, and visual disturbances. Diarrhea, yellowing of the sclera or skin, and ataxia are not associated with cinchonism.
  3. Patients receiving chloroquine (Aralen Phosphate) for malaria prophylaxis should receive patient teaching from the nurse, which includes instructions to receive what regularly?

A) Cardiovascular studies B) Eye exams C) Immunizations D) Pulmonary studies - Correct Answers: Ans: B Feedback: Chloroquine is associated with visual disturbances and a patient receiving this drug should receive regular ophthalmic exams. Heart and lung toxicity is not associated with chloroquine use. Immunizations are not associated with chloroquine use.

  1. A 28-year-old woman is planning to be part of a mission team going to Central Africa. She will take mefloquine (Lariam) once a week, beginning 1 week before traveling to Africa until 4 weeks after leaving Africa. What precaution will the nurse teach this patient is needed? A) Avoid excessive weight gain. B) Have regular cancer screening. C) Use contraceptives to avoid pregnancy. D) Stop the medication if diabetes is diagnosed. - Correct Answers: Ans: C Feedback: Mefloquine is teratogenic and should be avoided during pregnancy. The nurse will want to determine whether a possibility exists that the patient is pregnant and warn about the need to avoid pregnancy for 2 months after completing therapy. Avoiding weight gain and having regular cancer screenings are good preventive care but not associated with mefloquine. This medication is not contraindicated in patients with diabetes
  2. The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving antimalarial drug therapy. What nursing diagnosis would be appropriate for this patient if common adverse effects were indicated? A) Disturbed sensory perception (visual) related to central nervous system effects B) Imbalanced nutrition: more than body requirements C) Constipation D) Ineffective breathing pattern - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: Visual disturbances, including blindness related to retinal damage from the drug, may occur. Patients usually have gastrointestinal (GI) upset including diarrhea, not constipation, which could produce loss of weight and not an increase. Respiratory disturbances are not associated with antimalarial agents.

D) Pentamidine - Correct Answers: Ans: D Feedback: Pentamidine is available as an inhalation product for the direct treatment of P. jiroveci in patients with AIDS. Because the patient is already taking multiple oral drugs, inhaler administration would be the best choice. Nitazoxanide, chloroquine, and metronidazole are not effective against P. jiroveci pneumonia.

  1. A patient with giardiasis is being treated with metronidazole. What comment by the patient would indicate that the nurse needs to provide further teaching? A) I can continue to work delivering pizza because the disease is not contagious. B) I will not lose my hair during drug therapy. C) I know I will experience diarrhea during this time. D) I shouldn't experience irregular menstrual periods - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: Although giardiasis is not contagious, the patient should be encouraged not to drive or operate heavy equipment until the effects of the drug can be assessed because metronidazole can lead to central nervous system adverse effects, including dizziness and lack of coordination. The drug may also cause diarrhea. Loss of hair and irregular menstrual periods are not associated with this drug, so these statements would be correct and would not indicate the need for further teaching
  2. During treatment of amebiasis with chloroquine (Aralen Phosphate), the nurse assesses the patient for what adverse effects? A) Diarrhea B) Weight gain C) Hypertension D) Seizures - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: With amebicides, observe for anorexia, nausea, vomiting, epigastric burning, and diarrhea that can lead to malnutrition and significant weight loss, which the nurse assesses for with each visit to intervene before significant malnutrition occurs. Weight gain, hypertension, or seizures are not associated adverse effects.
  3. The clinic nurse provides teaching for a patient prescribed pyrimethamine (Daraprim) to prevent malaria and instructs on the need to notify the prescriber immediately if what signs and symptoms occur? A) Diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and anemia

B) Irritation, rash, or inflammation C) Headache, nausea, or constipation D) Anorexia, nausea, or vomiting - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: If signs of folate deficiency develop, pyrimethamine will need to be discontinued so the prescriber needs to be notified immediately. Folate deficiency presents with diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and anemia. The other signs and symptoms would need to be reported if significant and/or long- lasting.

  1. The mother of a 6-month-old infant comes to the clinic. The mother is diagnosed with a protozoal infection. What would be a priority for the nurse to assess for? A) Whether she is breast-feeding B) Whether she has a support network C) Whether she has money to pay for the medication D) Whether she eats a protein-rich diet - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: Assess for lactation because antiprotozoal drugs could enter the breast milk and be toxic to the infant. The other options are part of a complete nursing history but do not specifically relate to treatment for a protozoal infection.
  2. A patient is prescribed mefloquine (Lariam) for malaria prophylaxis. When should the nurse instruct mefloquine be started? A) 1 week prior to entering an endemic area B) 1 to 2 days prior to entering an endemic area C) On arrival to an endemic area D) When mosquitoes are present - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: Lariam should be taken 1 week prior to entering a malarial area. Therefore, options B, C, and D are incorrect.
  3. What statements made by the 36-year-old patient leads the nurse to believe that he or she has understood the teaching regarding metronidazole (Flagyl)? A) I will refrain from operating heavy machinery while I am taking this medication. B) I will avoid foods high in vitamin C. C) I will not drink alcohol while I am taking this medication.

C) Loss of vision D) Loss of sensation - Correct Answers: Ans: C Feedback: Report blurring of vision, which could indicate retinal damage; loss of hearing or ringing in the ears, which could indicate central nervous system toxicity; and fever or worsening of condition, which could indicate a drug-resistant strain or noneffective therapy. Loss of appetite is such a common result of the gastrointestinal (GI) effects of the drug that the nurse should provide anticipatory guidance to teach the patient how to maintain adequate nutrition, but the patient does not need to report this unless it becomes serious or unmanageable. Loss of sensation is not a typical adverse effect the nurse would anticipate and teach about.

  1. A patient with malaria is taking primaquine. What would indicate to the nurse caring for this patient that the patient has cinchonism? A) Diarrhea B) Abdominal cramping C) Tan, frothy stool D) Vertigo - Correct Answers: Ans: D Feedback: Cinchonism (nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, and vertigo) may occur with high levels of primaquine. Symptoms of cinchonism do not include diarrhea, abdominal cramping, or tan, frothy stool.
  2. A patient has been prescribed an antimalarial as prophylaxis for the disease. What assessment finding would the nurse recognize as indicating the patient has a common adverse effect? A) Dyspepsia B) Hematemesis C) Tarry stool D) Tachycardia - Correct Answers: Ans: A Feedback: Nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, and anorexia are associated with direct effects of the antimalarial medications on the GI tract and the effects on central nervous system control of vomiting caused by the products of cell death and protein changes. Adverse effects from antimalarial drugs do not usually include hematemesis, tarry stool, or tachycardia.
  3. Pyrimethamine (Daraprim) has been ordered for the patient as prophylactic treatment of malaria. The nurse recognizes the action of this drug prevents relapse of the disease by acting on what? A) Changing the metabolic pathways for reproduction

B) Disrupting the mitochondria of the plasmodium C) Blocking the use of folic acid D) Increasing the acidity of plasmodial food vacuoles - Correct Answers: Ans: C Feedback: Pyrimethamine is used in combination with agents that act more rapidly to suppress malaria; it acts by blockings the use of folic acid in protein synthesis by the plasmodium, eventually leading to inability to reproduce and cell death. Chloroquine changes the metabolic pathways for reproduction of the plasmodium and is toxic to parasites that absorb it. Primaquine disrupts the mitochondria of the plasmodium. Mefloquine increases the acidity of plasmodial food vacuoles causing cell rupture and death.

  1. The patient, a physician returning from a trip to the tropics, is prescribed chloroquine and asks the nurse how it works. What is the nurse's best response? A) Blocks the plasmodium's ability to synthesize ribonucleic acid B) Changes the metabolic pathways necessary for the reproduction of the plasmodium C) Interrupts the cell wall preventing entry of nutrients into the plasmodium D) It is alkaline and decreases the ability of the parasite to synthesize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). - Correct Answers: Ans: B Feedback: Chloroquine is currently the mainstay of antimalarial therapy. This drug enters human red blood cells and changes the metabolic pathways necessary for the reproduction of the plasmodium (see Figure 12.1). In addition, this agent is directly toxic to parasites that absorb it, it is acidic, and it decreases the ability of the parasite to synthesize DNA, leading to a blockage of reproduction.
  2. What antimalarial medication is used as a radical cure of Plasmodium vivax malaria? A) Chloroquine B) Mefloquine C) Pyrimethamine D) Primaquine - Correct Answers: Ans: D Feedback: Primaquine (generic) is the only drug indicated for the prevention of relapses of P. vivax and P. malariae infections and a radical cure of P. vivax malaria. It may be given in combination with other drugs that interrupt the cell cycle at other stages. None of the other options are indicated for this use
  3. The nurse, working in a pediatric clinic, admits a patient who will be traveling to a country where

caution when the benefit outweighs the risk. It is not necessary for older adult women to use barrier methods of contraceptives because they are no longer of childbearing age.