Download CH. 14 RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES EXAM WITH CORRECT AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 2025 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
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A 20-year-old female presents with acute respiratory distress. Auscultation of her lungs reveals diffuse expiratory wheezing. She is in moderate distress and tells you that she has a prescribed inhaler that she uses when this happens. You should suspect: - correct answers an acute asthma attack A 30-year-old male presents with respiratory distress that began within minutes of being exposed to an unknown chemical at an industrial site. When caring for this patient, it is MOST important to remember that: - correct answers he must be properly decontaminated first A 56-year-old male complains of difficulty breathing. His wife tells you that he complained of chest discomfort a few days prior, but would not allow her to call EMS. Your assessment reveals rales in the apices and bases of both lungs. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: - correct answers Cardiogenic pulmonary edema A 59-year-old female with a history of poorly controlled hypertension becomes acutely dyspneic, develops profound cyanosis to the upper chest, and becomes unresponsive. She is pulseless and apneic upon your arrival. As you and your partner are performing the appropriate treatment interventions, you discuss the possible cause of her condition, which is MOST likely a(n): - correct answers massive pulmonary embolism
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A 60-year-old male presents with shortness of breath and a productive cough of two days' duration. He denies chest pain or any other associated symptoms. Auscultation of his lungs reveals scattered bilateral rhonchi in all fields. His skin is pink, warm, and dry and the pulse oximeter reads 94% on room air. This patient is MOST likely experiencing: - correct answers bronchitis A 61-year-old female called EMS after suddenly being awakened in the middle of the night with a feeling that she was "smothering." You arrive to find the patient, very apprehensive and restless, sitting on the living room couch in obvious respiratory distress. Her BP is 160/90 mm Hg, pulse is 110 beats/min and irregular, and respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. Auscultation of her lungs reveals diffuse rhonchi in all fields. Treatment for this patient should include: - correct answers continuous positive airway pressure and an IV line set to keep the vein open. A 67-year-old male who smokes three packs of cigarettes per day complains of a productive cough, chills, and generalized weakness. He is in mild respiratory distress; auscultation of his lungs reveals rhonchi to the lower left lobe. This patient's clinical presentation is MOST consistent with: - correct answers pneumonia A 7 0 - year-old male presents with an acute onset of difficulty breathing that woke him from his sleep. He has a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and several heart attacks. During your assessment, you note dried blood around his mouth. The patient tells you that he cannot lie down because he will "smother." What additional assessment findings will you MOST likely discover? - correct answers Pulmonary rales
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Approximately 2 weeks following a total hip replacement, a 70-year-old female complains of a sudden onset of dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. Your assessment reveals perioral cyanosis, blood-tinged sputum, and wheezing to the base of her right lung. As your partner applies high-flow oxygen, the patient states that she has a history of hypertension. You should be MOST suspicious of: - correct answers pulmonary embolism Cardiac asthma is a condition in which a patient: - correct answers A. with congestive heart failure experiences wheezing due to constricted bronchi Cardiomyopathy may lead to pulmonary edema due to: - correct answers reduced contractile force of the heart Characteristics of adequate breathing in an adult include all of the following, EXCEPT: - correct answers Asymmetrical chest movement Cheyne-Stokes respirations are characterized by: - correct answers tachypnea and bradypnea with alternating apneic periods Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that results in: - correct answers excess sodium loss and thick pulmonary secretions Definitive treatment to reduce acute respiratory distress in a patient with a pleural effusion involves: - correct answers a fluid thoracentesis
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Emphysema, a degenerative disease, is caused by: - correct answers A. surfactant destruction and increased alveolar surface tension In cases of pulmonary edema, diffusion is impaired primarily because of: - correct answers A. fluid-filled alveoli In contrast to bronchitis, pneumonia typically presents with: - correct answers fever and chills More carbon dioxide diffuses out of the bloodstream when: - correct answers A. fresh oxygen diffuses into the alveoli Patients with COPD are highly susceptible to pneumonia because: - correct answers A. they cannot effectively expel infected pulmonary secretions Patients with emphysema are commonly referred to as "pink puffers" because they: - correct answers breathe through pursed lips and may develop polycythemia. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide, at the cellular level or in the lungs, is called: - correct answers respiration
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What acid-base derangement initially occurs in a tachypneic patient without a physiologic demand for increased oxygen? - correct answers respiratory alkalosis When assessing a female patient with chest pain and shortness of breath, you note that her blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg, her heart rate is 120 beats/min, and she has cyanosis around her mouth. In addition to supporting her ventilations, you should: - correct answers prepare for immediate transport. When assessing a patient using a pulse oximeter, it is important to remember that: - correct answers abnormally bound hemoglobin may produce inaccurate readings When assessing a patient with difficulty breathing, which of the following findings would lead you to suspect congestive heart failure as the underlying cause? - correct answers The onset of the difficulty breathing was acute and the patient takes prescribed diuretics. When assessing the severity of nocturnal dyspnea in a patient with a chronic respiratory disease, you should determine: - correct answers how many pillows he or she sleeps with at night. When assisting a patient with his or her prescribed inhaler, it is important to: - correct answers have the patient exhale deeply prior to inhaling the medication
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When treating a patient who complains of dyspnea, it is important for the AEMT to: - correct answers be prepared to treat the patient's anxiety as well Which of the following clinical findings is MOST consistent with inadequate breathing? - correct answers Respirations of 16 breaths/min and reduced tidal volume Which of the following conditions would be LEAST likely to result in cerebral hypoxia? - correct answers Methamphetamine overdose Which of the following is generally NOT indicated when treating a patient with a tension pneumothorax? - correct answers medication and therapy Which of the following is the MOST accurate clinical definition of chronic bronchitis? - correct answers Productive cough for 3 months per year for 3 consecutive years Which of the following physiologic processes does NOT occur in patients with COPD? - correct answers Increased surfactant production Which of the following physiologic processes occurs during pulmonary respiration? - correct answers Carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli. Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes asthma? - correct answers Reversible airway disease caused by an exaggerated immune response
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You are treating a 2 - year-old boy who is experiencing respiratory distress. During your assessment, you note that the child has mild inspiratory stridor, a barking cough, and a low-grade fever. The child is otherwise conscious, is acting appropriate for his age, and has strong radial pulses. Treatment should include: - correct answers humidified oxygen The movement and utilization of oxygen in the body is dependent on all of the following, EXCEPT: - correct answers effective alveolar-capillary osmosis.
