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ch. 13,14,15 test three | BIOL 04102 - GENERAL BIOLOGY, Quizzes of Biology

test three Class: BIOL 04102 - GENERAL BIOLOGY; Subject: Biological Sciences; University: Northwest Missouri State University; Term: Spring 2010;

Typology: Quizzes

2009/2010

Uploaded on 03/10/2010

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TERM 1
population
DEFINITION 1
made up of individuals, number same species found in its
habitat
TERM 2
evolution
DEFINITION 2
change over time
TERM 3
natural selection
DEFINITION 3
"survival of the fittest" fittest means youcan leave behing
offspring, those best suited to current conditions survive and
reproduce leaving offspring
TERM 4
Charles Darwin
DEFINITION 4
most credit for evolution, alfred wallace had the same idea,
but darwin had more, he had a book full of information
TERM 5
Mircroevolution
DEFINITION 5
shifts in alleles
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8

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population

made up of individuals, number same species found in its habitat TERM 2

evolution

DEFINITION 2 change over time TERM 3

natural selection

DEFINITION 3 "survival of the fittest" fittest means youcan leave behing offspring, those best suited to current conditions survive and reproduce leaving offspring TERM 4

Charles Darwin

DEFINITION 4 most credit for evolution, alfred wallace had the same idea, but darwin had more, he had a book full of information TERM 5

Mircroevolution

DEFINITION 5 shifts in alleles

allele frequency

the percent of time each allele appears TERM 7

evidence in evolution

DEFINITION 7 fossils, biogeography, comparative anatomy and embryology and molecular biology TERM 8

fossil record

DEFINITION 8 incomplete record,relative dating are the layers the ones at top are newest and bottom are the oldest, radiometric dating is when youuse radioactive isotopes: carbon 12 the isoptos is carbon 15 which has two extra neutrons and very unstable when you die carbon 14 starts to go away but takes very very long to go away TERM 9

biogeography

DEFINITION 9 the geographic patterns of species distributions TERM 10

molecular biology

DEFINITION 10 make DNA and protein comparisons, you are able to compare bacteria and humans using this process, if sequence similarity is high then they have alot of similarity and closely related

evolutinary tree

way to organize organisms with putting them in order so they can be grouped togeter TERM 17

agents of evolutinary change

DEFINITION 17 mutation, genetic drift, migration and natural selection TERM 18

mutation

DEFINITION 18 altered sequence in DNA, cause by replication errors or exposure to mutgens, if a mutation is in a germ cell then it can be passed on to the offspring TERM 19

genetic drift

DEFINITION 19 random change in allele frequencies, unrelated to alleles' influence on reproduction, types are bottleneck and founder effect TERM 20

bottleneck

DEFINITION 20 when only a few individuals survive a natural disaters or illnes

foudner effect

a new population may be started when a few individuals travel and colonize a new area TERM 22

migration(geneflow)

DEFINITION 22 the movement of some individuals of a species from one population to another, influenced by mobility of organisms, alleles may be "carried into" a population which can alter allele frequencies TERM 23

natural selection

DEFINITION 23 three conditions: 1variation for the trait within the population 2, variation must be inheritable 3."differential reproductive success" bases on the trait alleles must be able to be pasted on TERM 24

types of natural selectoin

DEFINITION 24 Stabilizing selection, directional selection, disruptive selection TERM 25

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium

DEFINITION 25 for a population to be in equilibrium it must satisfy five main conditions: 1. the poplulation is very large 2. matins is random 3.the population is isolate (no gene flow) 4. no mutations 5. all individuals are equal in reproductive succes (no natural selection)

sympatric speciation

occurs within same geographic area, usualy with plants, mistakes heppen in the cell division that end with a new organism so that that organism can no longer mate with the other. TERM 32

major events in the history of life

DEFINITION 32

  1. origin of prokaryotes 2. origin of single-celled eukaryotes
  2. origin of multi-cellular eukaryotes 4. colonization of land TERM 33

phylogeny

DEFINITION 33 evolutionary history of a species or group of species, hypotheses developed by using fossils, homologous morphological triats, behaviors and molecular sequences TERM 34

convergent evolution

DEFINITION 34 change and adapted to their own envioronments TERM 35

systematics

DEFINITION 35 connects classification with evolutionary history,2 part name: genus and species, taxonimic unit: taxon, most specific is the species most broad is the domain of the organism

phylogenetic tree

hypothesis of evolutionary relationships within a group TERM 37

cladistics

DEFINITION 37 monophyletic: one group or tribe, uses the concept that evolution proceeds when a new heritbale triat develops and is passed on to descendents, new triats that come up are called derived characters TERM 38

three domains

DEFINITION 38

  1. prokaryotic domain bacteria 2. prokaryotic domain archaea 3. eukaryotic domain Eukarya