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CGSS Chapter 1 Exam Questions and answers 2025., Exams of International Communication

Hampton University (HU)International Communication

CGSS Chapter 1 Exam Questions and answers 2025.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 02/26/2025

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CGSS Chapter 1 Exam Questions and
answers 2025
Sanctions - ANSโœ“โœ“-1) Measures or actions taken against a target to influence its
behavior
2) An economic action taken against a target (state, class of persons, individual,
or function) to influence the targets actions.
What are the categories of sanctions restrictions (or restrictive measures)? -
ANSโœ“โœ“-Financial, Diplomatic, Trade, and Travel.
What was the first recorded instance of sanctions use? - ANSโœ“โœ“-Fifth Century
B.C., Megarian decree banned citizens of Megara from accessing markets in the
Athenian empire (leading to 2nd Peloponnesian war).
Embargo - ANSโœ“โœ“-A physical block of trade with another nation, most common
sanction up until the late 19th century.
Blockade - ANSโœ“โœ“-An economic sanction by a country or coalition involving
deployment of troops to block ports or access.
League of Nations - ANSโœ“โœ“-An organization of nations formed after World War I
to promote cooperation and peace. The power to deploy sanctions was was
included in the League's covenant.
Boycott - ANSโœ“โœ“-A group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some
organization in protest against its policies
multilateral sanctions - ANSโœ“โœ“-Sanctions imposed by more than one country
unilateral sanctions - ANSโœ“โœ“-Sanctions imposed by only one country
What prompted the Japanese decision to enter World War II and
attack Pearl Harbor. - ANSโœ“โœ“-US trade sanctions. This situation provoked
questions regarding whether sanctions were an alternative to war, or whether
they instead might rush nations to use military force
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CGSS Chapter 1 Exam Questions and

answers 2025

Sanctions - ANS โœ“โœ“ -1) Measures or actions taken against a target to influence its behavior

  1. An economic action taken against a target (state, class of persons, individual, or function) to influence the targets actions. What are the categories of sanctions restrictions (or restrictive measures)? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Financial, Diplomatic, Trade, and Travel. What was the first recorded instance of sanctions use? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Fifth Century B.C., Megarian decree banned citizens of Megara from accessing markets in the Athenian empire (leading to 2nd Peloponnesian war). Embargo - ANS โœ“โœ“ -A physical block of trade with another nation, most common sanction up until the late 19th century. Blockade - ANS โœ“โœ“ -An economic sanction by a country or coalition involving deployment of troops to block ports or access. League of Nations - ANS โœ“โœ“ -An organization of nations formed after World War I to promote cooperation and peace. The power to deploy sanctions was was included in the League's covenant. Boycott - ANS โœ“โœ“ -A group's refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies multilateral sanctions - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Sanctions imposed by more than one country unilateral sanctions - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Sanctions imposed by only one country What prompted the Japanese decision to enter World War II and attack Pearl Harbor. - ANS โœ“โœ“ -US trade sanctions. This situation provoked questions regarding whether sanctions were an alternative to war, or whether they instead might rush nations to use military force

When did governments imposed sanctions more often than in prior decades. - ANS โœ“โœ“ -During the Cold War. It was not until the 1990s, after the Cold War ended, that unilateral sanctions began to be replaced by multilateral, intergovernmental coalitions When and where were the most high-profile sanctions imposed? - ANS โœ“โœ“ - Between 1990 and 2003 by the UN against Iraq, leading up to and following the first Gulf War. Costing Iraq near 48% of its GDP. What are the purposes of sanctions? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Sanctions can provide an alternative to the use of force. They are an extension of a nation's foreign policy to bring about another nation's change in behavior or foreign policy In relation to changing a nation's behavior, sanctions may be used for? - ANS โœ“โœ“ - Deterrence Prevention Punishment The EU has historically imposed which type of sanctions? What about recently? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Geographic. Issued-based, including human rights. In addition to human rights, what are some additional purposes sanctions have been used? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Preventing war Promoting democratic values Punishing human rights abusers Preventing nuclear proliferation and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction The freeing of captured citizens The restoration of of sovereign lands sanctions regimes - ANS โœ“โœ“ -A set of sanctions that have a common theme. Typically referred to by the issuer of the set of sanctions or by the intended purpose, such as OFAC or North Korean. Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Signed in 1968. a binding commitment of disarmament by the five declared nuclear-weapon states and to promote the peaceful use of nuclear technology while preventing the spread of nuclear weapons Who monitors compliance with the NPT? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) periodically inspects the facilities and operations of member nations Which country, with eth aid of Russia, continued developing its nuclear capabilities despite ratifying the NPT? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Libya.

UN Sanctions Against Sudan 1996-2001. - ANS โœ“โœ“ -imposed sanctions against Sudan due to its government's involvement in supporting international terrorist groups. Sudanese government suffered economic losses and was not able to attract investments to its petroleum industry. sanctions were lifted in 2001 after Sudan acceded to all international treaties related to counterterrorism and ordered the expulsion of bin Laden and his followers kleptocrat - ANS โœ“โœ“ -A corrupt leader who exploits the people and resources of a state for personal gain. Who Imposes Sanctions? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Governments and intergovernmental organizations, such as the UN and the EU, impose (i.e., create) sanctions through the passing of laws and regulations. While intergovernmental organizations impose sanctions, they are not often the enforcers of sanctions What makes sanctions more effective? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Carried out by countries that are geographically and economically close to the target, but that have a GDP at least 10 times larger than that of the target. larger, more powerful countries "win" when it comes to sanctions. How does Globalization weaken sanctions? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Makes it easier to replace and reroute trade channels What is an example of globalization creating ineffective sanctions. - ANS โœ“โœ“ - Queensland Mines Australia. Australia implemented unilateral sanctions from 1983 to 1986 when it ceased allowing shipments of uranium to France. Price of Uranium oxide decreased by nearly 50% in the world market and France was able to easily (and more cheaply) replace or reroute this trade channel. Autonomous sanctions - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Occur when a single entity, whether a government, such as Australia, or a coalition of governments, such as the EU, acts to enforce a sanctions regime. Primary states and organizations imposing sanctions. - ANS โœ“โœ“ -United Nations (UN) (multilateral) United States (US) (unilateral) European Union (EU) (multilateral) The UN prefers which type of sanctions and why? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Targeted sanctions (sanctions against a specific person) rather than comprehensive sanctions against a country or region because the latter have greater impact on developing economies. The UN Security Council consists of 15 member countries, which five countries are permanent members with veto power? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Russia, US,

UK, China, and France. After the UN Security Council adopts a resolution, it is legally binding under which Articles? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Articles 25 and 48 facilitation - ANS โœ“โœ“ -essentially means that a US person may not facilitate or assist the activities of a non-US person if those activities would violate sanctions if the non-US person were a US person. The purpose of the prohibition of facilitation is - ANS โœ“โœ“ -to prevent the evasion of sanctions through indirect actions. What is a good example of facilitation? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Schlumberger Oilfield. in February 2004 By working with its headquarters in Huston, Schlumberger Oilfield knowingly violated sanctions. While the Houston operations did not directly engagExtraterritorial jurisdiction, or "extraterritoriality,"e in this activity, it provided support to its parent company to facilitate transactions that it could not do itself. Extraterritorial jurisdiction, or "extraterritoriality,". - ANS โœ“โœ“ -The ability of a state to make, apply, and enforce laws, regulations, and other rules of conduct in respect to persons, property, or activity beyond its territory. The US is the primary government engaged in applying extraterritoriality. The EU does not allow for the concept of extraterritoriality believing that the practice violates international law. Can EU sanctions apply to persons or activities once they are outside of the EU's geographic borders? - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Restrictions imposed by the EU apply to all EU persons, wherever they are in the world. Not to be confused with primary vs secondary sanctions. Example of US sanctions applying to subsidiaries of US companies operating outside of the jurisdiction of the US. - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Honda Finance, 2017. Financing provided between an unaffiliated company and a sanctioned entity falls within the scope of US sanctions. Key takeaways from the Epsilon, 2014 case. - ANS โœ“โœ“ -Doing business in violation of the Iranian Transactions and Sanctions Regulations, The export/re-export provision covers exports where the company "knew or had reason to know" the final destination was a sanctioned target. 2) The application of "reason to know" is very fact-based. Key differences in EU sanctions and US sanctions include - ANS โœ“โœ“ -EU sanctions must be reviewed and renewed at periods no longer than a year. US sanctions are open-ended.