Download CFI FOI WITH 89 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS|22 PAGES and more Exams Aviation in PDF only on Docsity!
CFI FOI WITH 89 EXAM QUESTIONS
What principles facilitate retention of learning or remembering? - โ โ Praise Association Attitudes Senses Repetition Explain the four basic steps involved in the teaching process. - โ โ Preparation- Presentation- Application- Review and Evaluation- What are the two types of training objectives used in aviation training?
- โ โ Performance-based objectives: defines what needs to be done and how it will be done. Decision-based objectives: teach critical thinking skills such as risk management and ADM. What are the five essential phases of the demonstration-performance method of teaching? - โ โ Explanation Demonstration Student performance
Instructor supervision Evaluation Define "Assessment" - โ โ The process of gathering measurable information to meet evaluation needs. Why is an effective assessment an important component in the teaching and learning process? - โ โ -Provides instructor and student with information on how well the student is progressing -Provides feedback to the student with direction and guidance on how to improve performance -Highlighting areas in which a student's performance in incorrect or inadequate What are the general characteristics of an effective assessment? - โ โ Flexible Acceptable Thoughtful Comprehensive Constructive Objective Well Organized Specific Two broad categories of assessment - โ โ Traditional assessment- Rote and Understanding
Name several useful methods of critique of a student's performance - โ โ Instructor/Student Critique Student-led Critique Small Group Critique Individual Student Critique by Anther Student Self-Critique Written Critique What are the five main responsibilities of all flight instructors with regards to the learning process? - โ โ Help Students Learn- Make it interesting Provide adequate instruction- Demand adequate standards of performance- Emphasize the positive- Ensure Aviation safety- What additional responsibilities do flight instructors have? - โ โ Evaluation of student pilot ability Pilot supervision Practical test recommendations Flight instructor endorsements Additional training and endorsements Pilot proficiency
Responsibility to see and avoid *Student's pre-solo flight thought process Why is it important to use standards of performance when training students? - โ โ Measurement against standards is key to helping students learn. Meeting standards holds its own satisfaction for students. People want to feel capable and they are proud of the successful achievement of difficult goals. How can an instructor ensure that an adequate level of instruction is provided to a student? - โ โ Get to know them, then tailor teaching techniques to the student by first analyzing the student's personality, thinking, and ability. When should the PTS be introduced during flight training? - โ โ Keep the PTS in perspective, with emphasis on the PTS increasing later in training. The PTS is a testing document, not a teaching document How can an instructor minimize student frustrations during training? - โ โ Motivate Students- gain more if they want to learn than forced to learn Keep Students Informed- what is expected of them and from you Approach students as individuals- different personalities Give credit when due- praise from instructor is intensive to do better Criticize Constructively- explain how to correct mistakes Be consistent-
What are the barriers to effective communication? - โ โ Confusion between the symbol and the symbolized object Overuse of abstractions Interference Lack of common experience How can flight instructors develop their instructional communication skills? - โ โ Role Playing Instructional Communication: Organize your thoughts, don't word vomit Listening Questioning: to be sure they understand Instructional Enhancement: learn better what you're teaching What is the definition of the term "Learning Theory"? - โ โ How people acquire skills, knowledge, and attitudes. How can you tell if your student has "learned" what you have taught? What is the definition of learning? - โ โ Change in behavior of the learner as a result of experience. Modern learning theory grew out of two concepts of how people learn. What are they? - โ โ Behaviorism: reinforcement of desired behaviors by someone other than the student to shape or control what is learned. Cognitive Theory: What is going on inside the student's mind.
"Combination Theory" Why are perceptions so important to learning? - โ โ Initially, all learning comes from perceptions. What factors affect perceptions? - โ โ Physical Organism: 5 senses Goals and Values: experiences sensations are colored by individual's G&V Self-concept Time and Opportunity: new learning depends on previous learning Element of Threat: Fear adversely affects perception by narrowing the perceptual field. Define insight - โ โ Grouping of perceptions into meaningful wholes. How does a student acquire knowledge (3 phases)? - โ โ Memorization Understanding Application How can instructor help students in acquiring knowledge? - โ โ Have students practice. Ask questions to be sure they understand. Present opportunities to solve problems or make decisions. Test the limits of their knowledge. Show benefits of understanding and apply knowledge. Introduce new topics as they support, whenever possible. What are the principles (laws) of learning? - โ โ Readyness
What are two kinds of errors? - โ โ Slip: plan to do one thing but inadvertently does something else Mistake: plans to do the wrong thing and is successful How can a student make errors be a valuable learning resource? - โ โ Ask the student why the error happened, and what could have been done to prevent it. Be careful not to let students practice the wrong thing. Define "memory" - โ โ The ability of people to encode, store, and retrieve information. What are the three types of memory? - โ โ Sensory: input from the environment, information is then sent to short-term Short-term: stored briefly (30 seconds), fades or is consolidated in long-term Long-term: relatively permanent storage of unlimited information What are threats to remembering what has been learned during training? - โ โ Lack of practice Lack of Understanding Why do students forget information? - โ โ Fading Interference Repression or suppression Retrieval failure
When evaluating a student's ability to perform a maneuver or procedure, an instructor should follow what general guidelines? - โ โ -Establish standards of performance suitable to the students stage of development -Consideration of the student's mastery of the elements involved in the maneuver or procedure, rather than merely the overall performance. -Keeping the student informed of their progress -Not immediately correcting student errors How do you know that a student is ready to solo? - โ โ Consistent performance. When the instructor observes the student from preflight to engine start to engine shutdown, and the student performs consistently, without the need for instructor assistance. What is the definition of Human Behavior? - โ โ The product of factors that cause people to act in predictable ways. What are the basic human needs? and how are they important to the instructor-student relationship? - โ โ Physical- can't concentrate Security- can't concentrate Belonging- out of normal surrounding, more need for Self-esteem- results in self-confidence, ..., knowledge Cognitive- control what is going on around them
Explain the defense mechanism of Repression - โ โ A person places uncomfortable thoughts into inaccessible areas of the unconscious mind. Explain the defense mechanism of Fantasy - โ โ A student engages in daydreaming about how things should be rather than doing anything about how things are. Explain the defense mechanism of Displacement - โ โ An unconscious shift of emotion, affect, or desire from the original object to a more acceptable, less-threatening substitute. Kicking the dog or taking it out on a spouse. Explain the defense mechanism of Reaction Formation - โ โ Faking a belief opposite to the true belief opposite the true belief because the true belief causes anxiety. Explain the defense mechanism of Compensation - โ โ Students often attempt to disguise the presence of a weak or undesirable quality by emphasizing a more positive one. Explain the defense mechanism of Projection - โ โ Students may relegate the blame for their own short-comings and mistakes to others or attribute their motives, desires, and characteristics to others. Explain the defense mechanism of Rationalization - โ โ Justifying actions that otherwise would be unacceptable; the substitution of excuses for reasons. What are the 3 basic elements of communication? - โ โ Source- speaker, writer, or instructor
Symbols- works or signs Receiver- listener, reader, or student How can instructors improve upon their effectiveness and qualifications as teachers? - โ โ Continuing education Sources of material What are the two main reasons why an instructor should maintain a source of current information and publications? - โ โ -To make instruction interesting and up to date -To stay well-informed and current What are some obstacles to learning during flight instruction? - โ โ -Feeling of unfair treatment -Impatience to proceed to more interesting operations -Worry or lack of interest -Physical discomfort, illness, fatigue and dehydration -Apathy due to inadequate instruction -Anxiety What is the "sterile cockpit rule"? - โ โ 14 CFR 121. Crew-members are to refrain from nonessential activities during critical phases of flight including: ground operations involving taxi, takeoff, and landing and all other operations below 10,000' except cruise flight.
Evaluate the effect of the action countering the change 3P Model - โ โ Perceive the given set of circumstances for a flight. Pilot Aircraft enVironment External pressures Process by evaluating their impact on flight safety. Consequences of each hazard Alternaties available Reality of the situation External pressures Perform by implementing the best course of action. Transfer decision to someone else? Eliminate the hazard? Accept: benifits out weigh the costs? Mitigate risk What are three types of stressors that can affect pilot performance? - โ โ Physical:conditions association with the environment, temp, noise, vibration, lack of oxygen, etc. Physiological: fatigue, sleep loss, missed meals
Psychological: social or emotional or mental workload. What is risk management? - โ โ A decision making process designed to identify hazards systematically, assess the degree of risk, and determine the best course of action. What is the risk management process? - โ โ Identify operational hazards and takes reasonable measures to reduce risk to personnel, equipment, and mission. How is the level of risk posed by a given hazard measured? - โ โ In terms of severity (extent of possible loss) and the probability (likelihood that a hazard will cause a loss). How can the use of the "PAVE" checklist during flight planning help a pilot to assess and mitigate risk? - โ โ A simple way to remember each category to examine for risk during flight planning. Pilot-In-Command: IMSAFE Aircraft EnVironment: weather, terrain, airports External pressures: meetings, people waiting, IMSAFE - โ โ Illness Medication Stress Alcohol
Cognitive needs - โ โ Need to know and understand. Aesthetic needs - โ โ Direct connection to emotions. The need to "like" it. Self actualization needs - โ โ The need to be and do what be person was "born to do" People will be problem focused. Have appreciation of life. Be concerned about personal growth. Ability to have peak experiences. Theory X - โ โ People have and inherent dislike for work and will avoid it whenever possible. People must be coerced, controlled , directed or threatened with punishments in order to get them to achieve the organizational objectives. People prefer to be directed, do not want responsibility, and have little or no ambition. People seek security above all else. Theory Y - โ โ Work is as natural as play and rest. People will exercise self direction if they are committed to the objectives (they are not lazy). Commitment to objectives is a function of the rewards associated with their achievement. People learn to accept and seek responsibility.
Creativity, ingenuity, and imagination are widely distributed among the population. People are capable of using these abilities to solve an organizational problem. People have potential. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - โ โ -Self Actualization -Self-esteem -Love and Belongingness -Safety and Security -Physiological needs: Air, Water, Food, Shelter, Sleep, Sex Anxiety - โ โ Feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something happening or about to happen. Counter it by- Reinforcing the joy of flying -teach them to cope with fear -help plan what to expect -educate them Teaching the adult student - โ โ Characteristics: -Motivated, they seek out learning for use of the skill. -Motivated to cope with everyday life or events. -Goal oriented -Focused on most useful aspects -Adults want to apply new knowledge immediately
