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Certified Nutrition Specialist: Final Exam Questions &
Answers 100% correct
Food is so much more than fuel. a. true b. false a. true Good nutrition takes into account the following: a. energy balance b. nutrient intake c. environmental sustainability d. All of the above d. all of the above Good nutrition programs can help to properly control energy balance. a. true b. false a. true Which of the following statements is true in regards to nutrient density? a. It's the balance between food and exercise b. It can't be influenced by someone's food choices c. Nutrient dense foods are generally highly processed foods
c. It's the ratio of nutrients amount of food d. it's the ratio of nutrients amount of food Examples of foods with higher nutrient density include: a. bright or deeply colored vegetables and fruits b. white flour c. ice cream a. bright or deeply colored vegetables and fruits Limiting factors for clients may include their genetic makeup, their physical activity patterns, or their mindset. a. true b. false a. true To achieve great results with a client, it's important to identify their: a. vitamin A levels b. blood cholesterol c. vertical jump d. limiting factors d. limiting factors Your clients can improve despite their genetics: a. true b. false
Sustainable agriculture involved things like: a. preserving and replenishing soil b. preserving water c. making animal welfare a priority d. all of the above d. all of the above A good nutrition coach: a. is client centered, helps clients take action, and is continually learning. b. has a stock diet plan for all clients, and is set in their ways c. doesn't care about the scope of practice d. focuses exclusively on macronutrient intake with clients. a. is client centered, helps clients take action, and is continually learning. All living tissues are built from ___. a. exercise b. minerals c. vitamins d. cells d. cells Metabolism refers to all of the cellular tasks that contribute to life. a. true b. false a. true
An example of an organism would be: a. a nucleus b. a human being c. skin d. a kidney b. a human being The organ system that has main responsibility of protecting use against pathogens, tumor cells, and other foreign invaders is: a. the immune system b. the skeletal system c. the reproductive system d. the nervous system a. the immune system The organ system that includes the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and the thyroid gland is: a. the nervous system b. the endocrine system c. the integumentary system d. the skeletal system b. the endocrine system Which of the following is a tissue in the human body? a. epithelial
b. proteins Small genetic differences called ____ explain why some people respond slightly different to various types of foods. a. cells b. muscle contractions c. co-factors d. genetic polymorphisms d. genetic polymorphisms Organelles give cells their structure and function. a. true b. false a. true Since lipids are part of the plasma membrane, the types of ___ we eat in our diet will influence the membrane's fluidity or flexibility. a. vitamins b. fats c. co-factors d. enzymes b. fats What cellular organelles contain cristae and are responsible for converting things like protein, carbohydrates, and fat into ATP? a. Cytosol
b. nucleus c. muscle d. mitochondria d. mitochondria DNA contains a code unique to each of us, one that provides cellular instructions for making proteins that we need for our structure and function. a. true b. false a. true Once our DNA sends out a signal to make proteins, it's the job of the ________ to receive this genetic message from the DNA and to make and transport the required proteins for use inside and outside the cell. a. lysosome nucleus b. endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus c. mitochondria b. endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus Which of the following would be an example of a protein receptor initiating a signal transduction cascade? a. peristalsis b. cellular response to insulin c. swallowing d. none of the above b. cellular response to insulin
c. Minerals fit together tightly and carry out their reaction. d. all of the above a. Enzyme and its chemical partner fit together tightly and carry out their reaction. When speaking to clients about nutrition, talk about _____, not ______. a. nutrients, food b. food, nutrients c. organelles, organisms d. muscles, bones b. food, nutrients If food seems nearby, out ___ immediately tells our mouth to start salivating, our stomach to start secreting digestive enzymes, and so forth. a. stomach b. mouth c. brain d. none of the above c. brain Small amounts of amylase and lipase are found in saliva. a. true b. false a. true
When food and acid reenter the esophagus, due to the dysfunction of the ____, this is called gastroesophageal refulx (GERD). a. cecum b. ileocecal valve c. lower esophageal sphincter d. pyloric sphincter c. lower esophageal sphincter Normal stomach capacity ranges from .25 to 1.7 liters. a. true b. false a. true Bile secretion aids in the emulsification of ___ and is produced in the _____. a. protein, stomach b. fat, liver c. protein, kidney d. fat, pancreas b. fat, liver The pancreas releases pancreatic juice and ___ hormones. a. unknown b. corticoregulatory c. glucoregulatory d. none of the above c. glucoregulatory
c. intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid b. peristalsis and epiglottis The following structures/enzymes/functions relate to the stomach: a. epiglottis and hydrochloric acid b. mastication and salivary amylase c. hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor c. hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor The following structures/enzymes/functions relate to the small intestine: a. epiglottis and intrinsic factor b. where most absorption occurs; also known as colon c. Where most absorption occurs; where pancreatic juices are secreted c. Where most absorption occurs; where pancreatic juices are secreted The following structures/enzymes/functions relate to the large intestine: a. absorbs sodium, potassium, acids, water; gallbladder b. also known as colon; absorbs sodium, potassium, acids, water c. mastication, epiglottis b. also known as colon; absorbs sodium, potassium, acids, water Gastrin is: a. released when food enters through the lower esophageal sphincter into the stomach. b. released when food enters colon c. released when food enters mouth
a. released when food enters through the lower esophageal sphincter into the stomach. Secretin a. is released by the kidneys to initiate peristalsis b. tells liver to produce ketones c. is released by S cells, tells pancreas and bile ducts to produce pancreatic fluid c. is released by S cells, tells pancreas and bile ducts to produce pancreatic fluid Cholecystokinin (CCK) a. a hunger hormone, indirectly tells your brain that you're hungry b. A satiety hormone, indirectly tells your brain that you're full c. A glucoregulatory hormone, helping balance blood sugars b. A satiety hormone, indirectly tells your brain that you're full Gastric inhibitory polypeptide a. inhibits kidney function b. inhibits insulin release c. inhibits gastric secretions c. inhibits gastric secretions Motilin: a. is released at regular intervals between meals, may lead to "growling stomach" b. promotes muscle relaxation throughout GI tract
a. true b. false a. true Stored nutrients supply the energy for most of our regular functioning. a. true b. false a. true _____ and _____ make up the two most important "raw materials" for making ATP in the body. a. Amino acids, phytochemicals b. protein, enzymes c. triglycerides, glycogen d. minerals, co-factors c. triglycerides, glycogen When adenosine-phosphate bonds are broken: a. protein is synthesized b. energy is released c. enzymes digest protein d. energy is absorbed c. energy is released
Breaking the chemical bonds that normally hold the molecules of our food together releases energy. This energy, in turn, fuels the processes we need to form ATP. This process is called ______ a. storage b. processing c. energy transfer d. energy synthesis c. energy transfer Fatty acids and triglycerides a. are important structurally in our plasma membranes b. help transport certain vitamins and minerals in the body c. act as the largest fuel depot in the body d. all of the above d. all of the above When we need triglycerides for energy, we break them down with a process called lipolysis. a. true b. false a. true While supplement companies boast of their product's ability to cause fat mobilization, this mobilization is useless if there isn't an increased need for these mobilized fats. a. true b. false a. true
_____ tends to be cardioprotective. a. LDL b. HDL c. triglyceride d. glucose b. HDL The _____ typically contains about 100g of amino acids that can readily interact with the amino acids and proteins located within our cells. a. plasma pool of lipids b. glycerol pool c. plasma pool of amino acids d. muscle pool of amino acids c. plasma pool of amino acids ______ are used to make enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters, and antibodies. a. glucose b. amino acids c. carotenoids d. fatty acids b. amino acids Amino acids have three eventual fates in the body: a. Exit the body unaltered, digestion of minerals, generate hormones b. Digestion of vitamins, form body fat, generate HCL c. create new protein, form non-protein compounds, energy transfer
d. create new glycogen in fat cells, or energy transfer c. create new protein, form non-protein compounds, energy transfer Which option best describes the ATP-PCr pathway: a. Phosphocreatine can help to re-synthesize ATP; is the first energy system to kick in when start exercising b. Becomes major source of energy production for activity beyond 90 seconds in duration; pyruvate is created c. Made up of the Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain; requires oxygen d. used during low energy demand; has a small capacity for ATP resynthesis e. <10 seconds a. Phosphocreatine can help to re-synthesize ATP; is the first energy system to kick in when start exercising Which option best describes the Glycolytic pathway: a. Made up of the Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain; pyruvate is created b. Pyruvate is created; uses stored muscle glycogen c. Becomes major source of energy production for activity beyond 90 seconds in duration; made up of the Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain b. Pyruvate is created; uses stored muscle glycogen Which option best describes the oxidative phosphorylative pathway? a. made up of the kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain b. necessary when using ATP at a rapid rate c. phosphocreatine can help to resynthesize ATP d. Produces pyruvate and lactic acid a. made up of the kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain
