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CEPS IBHRE - medications Exam with
complete solutions 2024/
Protamine - ANSWER-Heparin antagonist Narcan (Naloxone) - ANSWER-Morphine antagonist Vitamin K - ANSWER-Warfarin Antagonist Alpha Adrenergic - ANSWER-Autonomic receptors for Vasoconstriction Beta-1 Adrenergic - ANSWER-Autonomic receptors for cardiac stimulation Beta-2 adrenergic - ANSWER-Autonomic receptors for Lung-broncho dilation Cholinergic - ANSWER-Autonomic receptors for cardiac depression Beta Blocker - ANSWER-Autonomic drug type: propanolol Cholinergic - ANSWER-Autonomic drug type: Acetylcholine Vagal Blocker (Parasympathetic blocker) - ANSWER-Autonomic Drug type: Atropine Slowed heart rate and av node conduction - ANSWER-Hemodynamic effects of stimulating parasympathetic receptors 1.0 - ANSWER-Normal, uncoagulated INR 2.0-3.0 - ANSWER-Therapeutic INR range of coumadin/warfarin for someone in AF 4 - 8 weeks - ANSWER-Elimination half life of amiodarone
No known reversal agents - ANSWER-Why do many physicians discontinue Xarelto / Dabigatran on AF patients prior to AF ablation procedures? Eliquis, Xarelto, Pradaxa - ANSWER-3 Novel anticoagulation drugs: Pradaxa - ANSWER-Novel anticoagulant, a direct thrombin inhibitor Bridging anticoagulation - ANSWER-Method of preprocedural anticoagulation where a patient stops taking anticoag prior to a PVI, is heparanized during procedure, and resumes warfarin/coumadin post procedure. Avoid exercise/stress & take beta blockers - ANSWER-Recommended therapy for asymptomatic patients with Long QTs Quinidine, Dofetilide, Sotalol, Procainimide, Amiodarone, Ibutilide, Dysopyramide
- ANSWER-Drugs that cause long QT (long Qt Dogs should be SPAID) IA (Na-blockers, Double Quarter Pounder), and III (K-blockers) - ANSWER-Tro anti-arrhythmic drugs classes that cause long QTS Dofetilide, Ibutilide, Sotalol, Amiodarone - ANSWER-Four class III antiarrhythmic drugs Magnesium - ANSWER-Drug indicated in patients with unstable Torsades that are non-responsive to defib. ACT - ANSWER-Recommended test for monitoring heparin in interventional cardiology procedures 300 s - ANSWER-Minimum ACT while mapping/ablating in the LA Diphynhydramine (benadryl) - ANSWER-Prophylactic drug against contrast reaction Midazolam (versed) - ANSWER-Drug used for sedation & amnesia analgesic - ANSWER-drug that relieves pain Fentanyl Citrate - ANSWER-Drug used for analgesia
Ibutilide - ANSWER-Class III drug given intravenously over 2 doses that may convert AF/ Afl Class IV - ANSWER-Calcium channel blocker drug class Class IV (calcium channel blockers) - ANSWER-Anti-arrhythmic with most effect on depressing cardiac action potential of AV and SA node Increase, increasing - ANSWER-Class III antiarrhythmics (increase/decrease) refractory periods by (increasing/decresing) AP duration Amiodarone & sotalol - ANSWER-Two similar drugs used against a wide variety of ventricular & atrial arrhythmias (Prevent VT, VF, recurrent AF after cardioversion) AF - ANSWER-Class IV antiarrhythmics (Diltiazem and verapamil) are used to treat which heart rhythms Diltiazem & Verapamil - ANSWER-Two class IV antiarrythmics Ventricular arrhythmias in acute MI during surgery (eg. frequent PVCs, seriously lowering BP) - ANSWER-IV Lidocaine (Class IB) is used to treat what arrhythmia / in what setting Purkinje/Ventricular, Atrial - ANSWER-IV Lidocaine reduces the APD & ERP of ________fibers but has little to no effect on ______ fibers Mexilitine - ANSWER-Drug similar to lidocaine but taken orally Proarrhythmia - ANSWER-Most common toxic effect of anti-arrythmic drugs Adenosine - ANSWER-First line drug recommended to terminate narrow-complex tach in a stable patient Flecainide, Propafenone - ANSWER-Ic Drug commonly used on symptomatic AF patients with recent onset, and no structural or ischemic heart disease. Must be closely monitored for pro-arrhythmia 5 seconds - ANSWER-Effective half life of adenosine
Adensoine - ANSWER-Drug recommended in initial diagnosis of wide complex, regular, monomorphic tach? Vagal maneuvers - ANSWER-First-line treatment of asymptomatic, narrow- complex tach Amiodarone - ANSWER-Drug with extensive toxicity (brady, pneuomonitis, thyroid, CNS, liver toxicity) Symptomatic sinus bradycardia or AV block - ANSWER-Contra-indication of amiodarone Refractory VF & Torsades - ANSWER-Indications for usage of magnesium sulfate Adenosine - ANSWER-Signature characteristic of sustained RVOT/lVOT tachs is termination with _______ Adenosine, Beta Blockers, Ca Channel blockers, Digoxin (ABCD) - ANSWER-What drugs should be avoided in WPW IC & III (sodium channel blockers & potassium channel blockers) - ANSWER-Two main types of rhythm control drugs for AF II & IV (beta blockers & calcium channel blockers) - ANSWER-two main types of rate control drugs for AF Dopamine, Isoproterenol, epinephrine, dobutamine, norepinephrine - ANSWER- Five sympathomimetic drugs Asthma, Block, COPD, and Diabetes Mellitus - ANSWER-Four contra-indications for beta blockers Vasoconstictor, chronotropic, bronchodilator - ANSWER-Three properties/effects of epinephrine Vasopressin - ANSWER-Drug with a longer half-life than epinephrine, used in shock-refractor VF.
