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CCHT PRACTICE EXAM DAVITA
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
the function unit of the kidney, or the structure in the kidney that does the work, is the ✔✔nephron
the leading cause of chronic kidney disease for adults in the united states: ✔✔diabetes
a nephron is made up ✔✔a glomerulus and a tubule system
which of the following is not a symptom of uremia ✔✔elevated hematocrit
Mrs. smith's dry weight is 62 kg. her pretreatment weight when she came in for treatment on monday was 67kg. the priming saline amount is 240ml, fluid from medication is 100 ml , and she is not allowed any fluids during treatment. what is the total amount of fluid weight to be removed during her treatment? ✔✔5,540ml
based on Mrs. smith's total amount of fluids to be removed, what is the ultrafiltration rate per hour (ml/hr)for her 4-hour treatment? ✔✔1,385 ml/hr
which of the following is a cause of hypotension during and after dialysis treatments? ✔✔removing too much fluids
the scale says a patient weights 70 kg. this the same as weighting how many points (lb)? ✔✔ 154
normal body ph is ✔✔7.35-7.
one sigh and symptoms of fluids overload is ✔✔hypertension
abnormal levels of this electrolyte can cause cardiac arrhythmias and even death ✔✔potassium
water moves across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration by which principle ✔✔osmosis
waste products are removed during dialysis by which principle ✔✔diffusion
excess fluid is forced out of the blood and into the dialysis by which principle ✔✔ultrafiltration
if a patient develops an infection post transplant, the largest contributing factor would most likely be: ✔✔immunosuppressive medication
the most frequent cause of death in the first year post transplant is ✔✔infection
total cell volume (TCV) is a indirect measure of the ✔✔performance of the dialyzer
the TCV should be no less than ✔✔80%
the manimum dwell time to achieve sterilization with the chemical renalin is ✔✔11 hours
the reprocessed dialyzer is carefully rinsed prior to patient use to remove ✔✔residual sterilant
germicide rebound occurs due to ✔✔inadequate dialyzer priming
which organization set the standards and recommendations for dialyzer reprocessing? ✔✔AAMI
the blood path integrity is tested to eliminate the possibility of a blood leak. the drop in pressure should not exceed: ✔✔10 mmhg
the purpose of using counter-current flow is to ✔✔increase the rate of waste removal
the total pressure that exists across the dialyzer membrane is called ✔✔transmembrane pressure
dialyser ph should be ✔✔between 7.0 and 7.
dialyzer that is too hot will cause ✔✔hemolysis
which of the following component in dialysate is used to correct metabolic acidosis? ✔✔bicarbonate
total chlorine levels in the water are tested ✔✔before each patient shift or every four hour
the water softener removes ✔✔calcium and magnesium
AAMI chemical analysis of water used for hemodialysis is tested ✔✔annually
the part of the cell wall of bacteria that, when released, can cause fever in hemodialysis patients is ✔✔endotoxin
during a hemodialysis treatment the technician responds to a low venous pressure alarm. the most likely cause for this alarm ✔✔disconnection of the blood line
the hemodialysis machine continuously monitors may parameters. which of the these parameters must be verified by an external measuring device? ✔✔ph and conductivity
which of the following is most likely to cause a high venous pressure alarm? ✔✔kinking of the venous blood line
during the set-up of a hemodialysis machine, the alarm test for conductivity fails. which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? ✔✔notify the equipment technician
rinse in transmembrane pressure in a low flux dialyzer during hemodialysis is indicative of ✔✔clotting of the extrecorporeal circuit
one reason that normal saline is used to rinse and prime the extracorporeal circuit prior to treatment is to remove ✔✔air
which of the following best describes the transducer protector? ✔✔device inside the machine that converts air pressure into electronic signal
which of the following would cause a high venous pressure alarm? ✔✔venous needle is against the wall of the vessels
the air detector alarms during treatment. if the machine is working properly, the dialysis technician should expect which of these events to have occurred ✔✔blood pump has stopped
the extracorporeal circuit consists of the ✔✔blood lines and the dialyzer
before a hemodialysis treatment , treatment , the technician removes the cap from the fistula needle and accidentally touches the chair with the tip of the needle. which of these actions should the technician take first ✔✔discard the needle
what is the desired outcome when the patient performs fistula exercise? ✔✔enlargement of the vein
the bruit in an AV fistula or graft is detected by ✔✔listening with a stethoscope
when cannulating, the tips of the needles should be at least ✔✔2.0 inches apart
the venous needle in an AV fistula ✔✔should point in the direction of the blood flow
a true aneurysm can be dangerous because it ✔✔may rupture and cause the patient to bleed profusely
a fistula connects ✔✔an artery to a vein
prior to cannulation a technician notices the skin over the patient's fistula is reddened and warm to touch. these symptoms are most likely due to ✔✔infection
during predialysis data collection, it would be best for the technician to ask the patient which of these questions? ✔✔how have you been since your last dialysis treatment?
Mrs. pruitt's temperature is elevated post-hemodialysis treatment. which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? ✔✔notify the nurse
Mrs. smith arrives for dialysis treatment complaining of shortness of breath. her pre-dialysis weight is 4.7 kilograms above the last post-treatment weight. the dialysis technician reweighed and verified the weight. which of the actions should the dialysis technician take next? ✔✔notify the nurse of the need for an assessment
slow pulse of 54 beats/minute would indicate the patient has: ✔✔bradycardia
during hemodialysis, the air detector on Ms. foster's machine alarms and foam is visible in the venous drip chamber. the immediate action of the dialysis technician should be to. ✔✔clamp the venous line
dry weight is defined as the ✔✔weight at which the patient has no edema or fluids in the lungs and bp is normal
solution that have a higher osmolarity than body fluids are called? ✔✔hypertonic
the most important intervention to prevent the spread of infection is: ✔✔cleansing of the hands
infection control protocol for hemolysis equipment should include which of these actions by the caregiver? ✔✔using gloves when touching the machine
when fluid replacement is necessary during the hemodialysis treatment, which of the following solution is used? ✔✔0.9% normal saline
a patient's dry weigh is 154.0 lb (70 kg) and the patient's pre treatment weight is 158.4 lb (72kg). four-hours treatment, how many ml/hour must the patient lose to reach dry weight? ✔✔ 500
during a hemodialysis treatment, a patient says to the technician, three hours of time have passed according to the clock on the wall, but the machine shows that only 2.5 hours have passed. what could be the problem? the technician should understand that the. ✔✔machine was in bypass for 30 minutes
a dialysis technician observes a drop of blood on the surface of a patient's hemolysis machine. which of these actions should the dialysis technician take? ✔✔clean the machine surface immediately
asepsis is defined as ✔✔the absence of disease producing organism
if the extracorporeal circuit clots and it must be discarded, it would be most important to monitor the patient's serum levels of ✔✔hemoglobin
what are the typical signs of fluids overload ✔✔edema and shortness of breath
hyperkelemia can lead to ✔✔cardiac arrest
which of the following is used to prevent air in the bloodlines? ✔✔tighten all connections
fifteen minutes before the end of a hemodialysis treatment, a patient complains of dizziness and nausea. these symptoms are most likely due to ✔✔hypotension
pain at the venous needle site, along with respiratory difficulty and chest pain could be an indicator of: ✔✔sterilant infusion
a rapid pulse of 104 beats/minute would indicate that the patient has: ✔✔tachycardia
a marker used to determinate the middle molecule clearance of a dialyzer is ✔✔vitamin B
the national standard, based on the KDOQI ( kidney disease outcomes quality initiative ) guidelines, for the urea reduction rate ( URR) is a ratio greater than : ✔✔65%
what lab tests are used to monitor anemia in the ESRD patient? ✔✔hemoglobin/hematocrit
ESRD specific tests such us as BUN, creatinine, and URR are ✔✔indicators of the adequacy of the renal replacement therapy
the accuracy of lab results depends on adherence to proper lab draw technique.you must ensure that labs are drawn: ✔✔at the right time, right site, and right order
albumin is an important test that tells about the patient------------status ✔✔nutritional
which of the following is the most accurate measure of dialysis adequacy? ✔✔Kt/V
biohazardous waste includes any material exposed to ✔✔blood
a patient laboratory results indicate that the predialysis BUN levels was lower than the post dialysis BUN levels. when interpreting these findings the technician should seek the answer to which of these questions ✔✔was the predialysis sample draw from the venous port?
the organization that has as a goal to '' improve the care and outcomes of all individuals with kidney disease'' is called ✔✔KDOQI
a dialysis technician observes all of the below on the treatment floor, which one poses an environment risk? ✔✔about one ounce (30ml) fluid is on the floor
what is the most important activity that the dialysis technician can perform to prevent the spread of infectious disease in the dialysis clinic? ✔✔hand washing
symptoms of hyperkalemia (high potassium) may include ✔✔numbness and tingling
which of the following might indicate a need to decrease the heparin dose? ✔✔the patient just had surgery yesterday
which of the following might indicate the need to increase heparin ✔✔clotting in the extracorporeal circuit
the usual heparin sodium concentration for anticoagulation during hemolysis is ✔✔1,000u/ml
lidocaine is administered ✔✔intradermally
medications that dialyze easily are all expect: ✔✔digoxin
Mr. jones suffers from constipation. he goes to the drug store to buy a laxative. Mr. jones should avoid which medication? ✔✔milk of magnesia
which of the following is the largest needle? ✔✔18 gauge
your patient is to receive 2000 units of heparin. the vial you are using is 1000u/ml heparin. how many mis will you draw up for this patient? ✔✔1.
all of the following are phosphate binders expect: ✔✔vitamin B 12
the medication used to treat anemia is ✔✔epogen
the medication used to improve calcium absorption is: ✔✔zemplar
a female dialysis technician has been caring for a male patient for several months. the patient tells the dialysis technician that he is lonely and depressed. he asked the dialysis technician to go out to dinner with him. in addition to politely declining the patient's invitation, which of these actions, if any, should the dialysis technician take? ✔✔refers the patient to the social worker
you have documented incorrectly on a patient's chart. how do you correct this? ✔✔draw one line through it, date, time, signature/credentials, with the works " error"
