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cardiology_fisdap.docx, Exams of Nursing

Los Angeles Pierce College Nursing

cardiology_fisdap.docx cardiology_fisdap.docx

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 08/17/2023

Peterr 🇺🇸

215 documents

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Cardiology FISDAP

. A 54 year old complains of chest tightness after raking leaves for an hour.

The pain subsided after rest and two nitroglycerin. He has had very similar

episodes in the past. He is most likely experiencing?

·Angina Pectoris/ Unstable Angina/ Myocardial Infarction/

Esophageal spasm

Reason for answer: Angina occurs when the heart's need for oxygen exceeds it's

supply, usually during periods of physical or emotional stress when the heart is

working hard. (Page 637)

2. At what rate should single rescuer CPR be performed for a 17 year old

female?

·120 per min/ 90/ 80

Reason for answer: 100-120 Beats per minute. (Page 514)

3. A 40 year old patient with a history of coronary artery disease and

recent mastectomy is complaining of chest discomfort. Vitals are P 120, R

22, and BP 80/54. You should suspect?

·CHF/ Cardiogenic Shock/ septic

shock Reason for answer: BP 80/54 is low BP(shock

may occur)

4. Nitroglycerin is a medication that is typically administered?

·Sublingually/ intraosseously/ subcutaneously

Reason for answer: Beneath the tongue is very vascular, so the medication can be

absorbed quicker

5. A patient was struck by lightning. You should suspect?

·An irregular heartbeat/ peripheral nerve damage

Reason for answer: Your heart functions on electricity, the shock changes

the rhythm.

6. During CPR which of the following is most important?

·Minimal interruptions during compressions

Reason for answer: providing circulation supports the bodies tissues to stay alive

7. A buildup of calcium and cholesterol form plaque inside a blood vessel

which would most likely be the cause?

·Pulmonary embolism/ CHF/ ACS/ hemorrhagic stroke

Reason for answer: Plaque, build up. (key words) (Atherosclerosis-The build-up of

fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls.)

8. During the Primary Assessment a 57 year old female says she has

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Cardiology FISDAP

. A 54 year old complains of chest tightness after raking leaves for an hour. The pain subsided after rest and two nitroglycerin. He has had very similar episodes in the past. He is most likely experiencing? · Angina Pectoris/ Unstable Angina/ Myocardial Infarction/ Esophageal spasm Reason for answer: Angina occurs when the heart's need for oxygen exceeds it's supply, usually during periods of physical or emotional stress when the heart is working hard. (Page 637)

At what rate should single rescuer CPR be performed for a 17 year old female? · 120 per min/ 90/ 80 Reason for answer: 100-120 Beats per minute. (Page 514)
A 40 year old patient with a history of coronary artery disease and recent mastectomy is complaining of chest discomfort. Vitals are P 120, R 22, and BP 80/54. You should suspect? · CHF/ Cardiogenic Shock/ septic shock Reason for answer: BP 80/54 is low BP(shock may occur)
Nitroglycerin is a medication that is typically administered? · Sublingually/ intraosseously/ subcutaneously Reason for answer: Beneath the tongue is very vascular, so the medication can be absorbed quicker
A patient was struck by lightning. You should suspect? · An irregular heartbeat/ peripheral nerve damage Reason for answer: Your heart functions on electricity, the shock changes the rhythm.
During CPR which of the following is most important? · Minimal interruptions during compressions Reason for answer: providing circulation supports the bodies tissues to stay alive
A buildup of calcium and cholesterol form plaque inside a blood vessel which would most likely be the cause? · Pulmonary embolism/ CHF/ ACS/ hemorrhagic stroke Reason for answer: Plaque, build up. (key words) (Atherosclerosis-The build-up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls.)
During the Primary Assessment a 57 year old female says she has

chest pain and points to her epigastric area. What should you do? · Obtain vital signs/ Admin Nitro/ Assess breathing/ Admin oxygen Reason for answer: The book mentions assessing patient, if they worsen administer oxygen

What is the cause of heart failure? · Inadequate ejection of blood from the ventricles/ fluid in lungs/ poor gas exchange in alveoli/ backup of fluid in lower extremities

cause? · Pneumonia/ cardiogenic shock/ hypovolemic shock/ unstable angina Reason for answer: Low blood pressure usually is cardiogenic shock.

A 65 year old male complains of weakness and indigestion that began in the morning. Vitals are 150/90, P 116, and R 24. You should suspect? · Myocardial Infarction/ Pul edema/ CVS Reason for answer:
What is the primary action of Nitroglycerin?

Dilates coronary arteries

Reason for answer: Dialtes, makes them bigger chapter 11

20.An oriented 78 year old female with pale, moist skin is complaining of indigestion. Vital signs are BP 180/90, P 116, and irregular, R 24 and regular. What should you suspect? · Appendicitis/ hypoglycemic shock/ myocardial infarction/ stroke Reason for answer: myocardial infarction because of stomach indigestion
A patient presents with a sudden onset of tearing chest pain, absent radial pulse on the right arm, and a history of high blood pressure. · Arterial occlusion/ pulmonary embolism/ aortic dissection/ MI Reason for answer: Tearing is the key word.
22.A 67 year old male with a history of asthma complains of chest tightness, shortness of breath. Took 1 Nitro but no relief. He is pale and sweaty. Oxygen saturation of 76%. What should you do? · Obtain vitals/ give oxygen via nonrebreather/ more nitro/ assist with prescribed inhaler Reason for answer: Below 95%
23.Sudden severe increase of blood pressure is called? · Transient ischemic attack/ hypotensive emergency/ hypertensive crisis/ central vascular accident Reason for answer: Hyper means increase or higher.
24.A 64 year old patient tells you I feel like I’m about to die. You administer Nitro and oxygen and there is no relief of chest pain. Vitals are BP 90/66, P 60, R 24. You should? · Begin assisting ventilations/ more nitro/ transport immediately Reason for answer: You aren't capable of handling this.
1. 69 year old male lying in bed complains of chest pain during your primary assessment he becomes unresponsive and pulseless. What should you do?

26.What valve controls blood flow between the left atrium and left ventricle? · Mitral valve Reason for answer:
Which patient is most likely to benefit from an AED? · 54 year old choking patient who becomes unresponsive with no carotid pulse Reason for answer: No pulse
28.What action does Aspirin have in the body that makes it beneficial for patients experiencing an AMI? · Breaks up red blood cell clots/ Prevents platelets from clotting Reason for answer: Makes them unsticky.
29.Which vessels regulate regional blood flow to the capillary bodies? · Venules/ alveoli/ capillary ducts/ arterioles Reason for answer: Branches out to your body
30.Which of the following is the largest artery in the body? · Carotid/ femoral/ great saphenous/ aorta Reason for answer:
Systolic blood pressure measures which of the following? · Ventricular contraction Reason for answer: Since it is expanding
32.The pulmonary artery carries? · Oxygenated blood to the heart/ deoxygenated blood away from the heart/ oxygenated blood away from the heart/ deoxygenated blood to heart Reason for answer: Goes from the right ventricle to the left/right pulmonary artery and goes to the lungs to get oxygenated.
33.What is the muscular middle layer of the heart?

· Pericardium/ epicardium/ endocardium/ myocardium Reason for answer: its Myocardium

output/ nitro lost potency/Nitro caused vasodilation and decreased perfusion Reason for answer: Nitro dilates and aspirin prevents clotting

42.A 60 year old with short of breath, cyanotic, lung sounds crackles and accessory muscle use. You should suspect?

· Left heart failure/ right heart failure/ pneumonia/ chronic bronchitis Reason for answer: (Gonna look up) Cyanotic, crackles and wheezing is left side. LOOK at discord picture.

43.Which electrical cardiac disturbance will an AED shock? · V-Fib Reason for answer: Irregular
44.During CPR why is the upstroke of the compression critical? · Allows blood to fill the heart chamber Reason for answer:
45.After blood has been oxygenated it returns to the heart by entering the · Left atrium Reason for answer: page 630 figure 16-1 everything in the heart is backwards than normal.
46.During adult CPR you should compress the chest · At least 2 inches Reason for answer: for adequate depth
You just arrived at scene of a 75 year old male with weakness and chest pain. He has not taken his prescribed medications of Nitro, aspirin, and atenolol. You should? · *Contact medical control to assist the patient with Nitro Reason for answer: Scope of practice
48.A 62 year old patient complains of chest pain and lightheadedness. Vitals are 88/56, 126, and 18. What is the best position for this patient? · Supine Reason for answer: Incase of CPR
49.EMRs have been performing effective CPR on a patient in cardiac arrest. Upon arrival the AED indicates “shock advised.” What should you do? · Defibrillate the patient Reason for answer: You better listen to save that life.
50.Asthmatic 50 year old female patient is sitting at her desk. She is anxious and complaining of tightness in her chest. You should? · Contact medical control/ obtain BP administer Nitro/ assist with prescribed inhaler/ perform focused history and physical exam Reason for answer: To see if her medicine works

· Systemic vasodilation/ jugular vein Distention / progressive hypotension / deep vein thrombosis Reason for answer: Progressive hypotension since cardiogenic shock is going low.

52.You observe an older male slumped on the floor. He is pulseless. What should you do? · Start compressions Reason for answer: CAB -- Circulation, Airway, Breathing
53.After delivering one shock with an AED your patient now has a pulse and effective respirations. Which position should you put them in? · Recovery Reason for answer: Once patient has Return Of Spontaneous Circulation, place patient on left lateral.
54.Chest pain prior to calling, she took 3 doses of her prescribed sublingual nitro with no relief. What should you do? · Assess her vital signs/ admin O2/ consider placing AED pads/ admin your nitro Reason for answer: Nitro will increase BP, assessing to check for any problems
55.What causes heart failure? · Poor gas exchange in alveoli/ inadequate ejection of blood from ventricles/ backup of excess fluid in lower extremities/ fluid accumulation in lungs Reason for answer:
56.Aspirin is administered to patients with chest pain because it? · Decreases ability of platelets to form clots/ breaks up blood clots occluding the vessel/ relieves the patients chest pain/ eliminates side effects of nitro Reason for answer: unsticks
CPR has been ongoing for 10 minutes on a patient in cardiac arrest. An AED has just been applied and is ready to analyze. You should? · Stop compressions but continue ventilation/ stop CPR and clear the patient/ Stop CPR and check for a pulse/ Continue CPR until a shock is advised Reason for answer:
58.A 48 year old male complains of an 8/10 crushing chest pain that radiates to his neck. Vital signs are 112/78, 60, and 18. Patients daily

medications include metoprolol, Cialis, and aspirin. What should you do?

chest pressure and shortness of breath. You should assist him in taking his nitroglycerin if he?

Complains of a headache and has a bp of 132/ Reason for answer: high diastolic

66.A 48 year old patient complains of difficulty breathing, patients history reveals an acute myocardial infarction 8 months ago, vital signs are 144/86, 110, and 24, auscultation reveals crackles in the lung bases. You should suspect? o Pulmonary Edema Reason for answer:
After an AED has analyzed a patient, the machine states “shock advised.” The most likely cause is: · Ventricular tachycardia/ atrial fibrillation/ PEA/ asystole Reason for answer: The heartbeat is irregular,
68.The vessels that supply the myocardium are called the: · Coronary arteries Reason for answer: 69.An 80 year old male presents with shortness of breath, fatigue, peripheral edema, and jugular vein distention. Breath sounds reveal crackles and rhonchi. The most likely cause is o Congestive Heart Failure o Jugular vein is some short of heart failure 70.You shocked a patient back into normal rhythm with an AED. During transport, the patient becomes cyanotic and pulseless. What should you do? Start CPR, and request the EMS unit to stop The bumps will mess you up 71.A patient complains of chest pain radiating to both of his shoulders after dinner. He is pale, diaphoretic and slightly short of breath. The pain worsens with a deep breath. Vital signs are BP 150/90, P 120 and irregular, R 20. You should suspect: Myocardial Infarction 72.A 57 year old female developed severe weakness and mild shortness of breath while shoveling snow. She is diaphoretic and complaining of nausea and jaw pain. You should suspect

Acute Myocardial infarction

73.you are in an airport and see an adult collapse. As you get the AED from the wall, a bystander starts CPR. If indicated, you should deliver your first shock: