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Chem 202 Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles. Naming, Substituent Effects on Acidity & Reactions of Carboxylic Acids. 1. Name the following molecules ...
Typology: Exercises
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Cl
3
Ph
In order to name a carboxylic acid,
we substitute -ane with -oic acid
butanoic acid
E -4-methyl-hex-3-enoic acid
We start by finding the longest chain and determine
carbon our substituent is on.
Then we determine whether the double has a Z- or E-
configuration
benzoic acid
Although we woudl name it using IUPAC rules,
such as adding carboxylic acid as the parent name,
this compound is an exception as it is more commonly
refered to as its ‘special name’
hexanedioic acid
We determine the longest chain and
since there are two carboxylic groups
we simply add -dioic acid
Acidity of carboxylic acids is determined by how
stable the negative on its oxygen will be. Adding
an electron donating group would destabilize
the charge. On the other hand, an electron
withdrawing group would stabilize the negative
charge as it pulls the negative towards it
via resonance.
2
Br N
Undergoes a Free Radical Substitution
to the most stable radical position.
Br
3
2
MgBr
MgBr
MgBr
Br
BrMg
Cl AlCl 3
Br C N
Nitrile group into a
Carboxylic Acid
Ph
Ph MgBr
Ph
Br
Ph
