Docsity
Docsity

Prepare for your exams
Prepare for your exams

Study with the several resources on Docsity


Earn points to download
Earn points to download

Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan


Guidelines and tips
Guidelines and tips

Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding-Forging, Melting, Welding and Mechanical and Materials Engineering Specifications-Handout, Exercises of Materials science

Dr. Ajitabh Sai delivered this lecture at Baba Farid University of Health Sciences for Mechanical and Materials Engineering Specifications course. It includes: Specification, Carbon, Steel, Electrodes, Shielded, Metal, Arc, Welding, Test, Requirements, Procedures

Typology: Exercises

2011/2012

Uploaded on 07/17/2012

sarikae
sarikae 🇮🇳

5

(2)

34 documents

1 / 44

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON STEEL ELECTRODES
FOR SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING
SFA-5.1
(Identical with AWS Specification A5.1-91)
1. Scope
This specification prescribes requirements for the
classification of carbon steel electrodes for shielded
metal arc welding.
SECTION A—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2. Classification
2.1 The welding electrodes covered by this specifica-
tion are classified according to the following:
(1) Type of current (see Table 1)
(2) Type of covering (see Table 1)
(3) Welding position (see Table 1)
(4) Mechanical properties of the weld metal in the
as-welded or aged condition (see Tables 2 and 3)
2.2 Materials classified under one classification shall
not be classified under any other classification of this
specification, except that E7018M may also be classified
as E7018 provided the electrode meets all of the
requirements of both classifications.
3. Acceptance
Acceptance
1
of the welding electrodes shall be in
accordance with the provisions of the ANSI/AWS
A5.01, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines.
2
1
See A3 (in the Appendix) for further information concerning accept-
ance, testing of the material shipped, and ANSI/AWS A5.01 Filler
Metal Procurement Guidelines.
2AWS standards can be obtained from the American Welding Society,
550 N.W. Leleune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135.
1
4. Certification
By affixing the AWS specification and classification
designations to the packagings, or the classification to
the product, the manufacturer certifies that the product
meets the requirements of this specification.
3
5. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off
Procedure
5.1 U.S. Customary Units are the standard units of
measure in this specification. The SI Units are given
as equivalent values to the U.S. Customary Units. The
standard sizes and dimensions in the two systems are
not identical, and for this reason, conversion from a
standard size or dimension in one system will not
always coincide with a standard size or dimension in
the other. Suitable conversions, encompassing standard
sizes of both, can be made, however, if appropriate
tolerances are applied in each case.
5.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with
this specification, an observed or calculated value shall
be rounded to the “nearest unit” of the last right-hand
place of figures used in expressing the limiting value
in accordance with the round-off method of ASTM
Practice E29 for Using Significant Digits in Test Data
to Determine Conformance with Specifications.
4
3
See A4 (in the Appendix) for further information concerning certifi-
cation and the testing called for to meet this requirement.
4
ASTM standards can be obtained from the American Society for
Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylva-
nia 19103.
docsity.com
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27
pf28
pf29
pf2a
pf2b
pf2c

Related documents


Partial preview of the text

Download Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc Welding-Forging, Melting, Welding and Mechanical and Materials Engineering Specifications-Handout and more Exercises Materials science in PDF only on Docsity!

SPECIFICATION FOR CARBON STEEL ELECTRODES

FOR SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING

SFA-5.

(Identical with AWS Specification A5.1-91)

1. Scope

This specification prescribes requirements for the

classification of carbon steel electrodes for shielded

metal arc welding.

SECTION A—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

2. Classification

2.1 The welding electrodes covered by this specifica- tion are classified according to the following:

( 1 ) Type of current (see Table 1) ( 2 ) Type of covering (see Table 1) ( 3 ) Welding position (see Table 1) ( 4 ) Mechanical properties of the weld metal in the

as-welded or aged condition (see Tables 2 and 3)

2.2 Materials classified under one classification shall

not be classified under any other classification of this

specification, except that E7018M may also be classified

as E7018 provided the electrode meets all of the

requirements of both classifications.

3. Acceptance

Acceptance^1 of the welding electrodes shall be in

accordance with the provisions of the ANSI/AWS

A5.01, Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines.^2

(^1) See A3 (in the Appendix) for further information concerning accept-

ance, testing of the material shipped, and ANSI/AWS A5.01 Filler Metal Procurement Guidelines.

2AWS standards can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. Leleune Road, P.O. Box 351040, Miami, Florida 33135.

4. Certification

By affixing the AWS specification and classification designations to the packagings, or the classification to the product, the manufacturer certifies that the product meets the requirements of this specification.^3

5. Units of Measure and Rounding-Off Procedure

5.1 U.S. Customary Units are the standard units of measure in this specification. The SI Units are given as equivalent values to the U.S. Customary Units. The standard sizes and dimensions in the two systems are not identical, and for this reason, conversion from a standard size or dimension in one system will not always coincide with a standard size or dimension in the other. Suitable conversions, encompassing standard sizes of both, can be made, however, if appropriate tolerances are applied in each case.

5.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with this specification, an observed or calculated value shall be rounded to the “nearest unit” of the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value in accordance with the round-off method of ASTM Practice E29 for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications.^4

(^3) See A4 (in the Appendix) for further information concerning certifi- cation and the testing called for to meet this requirement. (^4) ASTM standards can be obtained from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylva- nia 19103.

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

TABLE 1

ELECTRODE CLASSIFICATION

AWS Type of Classification Type of Covering Welding Position a^ Currentb

E6010 High cellulose sodium F, V, OH, H dcep E6011 High cellulose potassium F, V, OH, H ac or dcep E6012 High titania sodium F, V, OH, H ac or dcen E6013 High titania potassium F, V, OH, H ac, dcep or dcen E6019 Iron oxide titania potassium F, V, OH, H ac, dcep or dcen

E6020 High iron oxide H-fillets ac or dcen (^5) F ac, dcep or dcen

E6022c^ High iron oxide F, H ac or dcen

E6027 High iron oxide, iron powder H-fillets ac or dcen (^5) F ac, dcep or dcen

E7014 Iron powder, titania F, V, OH, H ac, dcep or dcen E7015d^ Low hydrogen sodium F, V, OH, H dcep E7016d^ Low hydrogen potassium F, V, OH, H ac or dcep E7018d^ Low hydrogen potassium, F, V, OH, H ac or dcep iron powder E7018M Low hydrogen iron powder F, V, OH, H dcep E7024d^ Iron powder, titania H-fillets, F ac, dcep or dcen

E7027 High iron oxide, iron powder H-fillets ac or dcen (^5) F ac, dcep or dcen

E7028d^ Low hydrogen potassium, H-fillets, F ac or dcep iron powder

E7048d^ Low hydrogen potassium, F, V, OH, H, ac or dcep iron powder V-down

Notes: a. The abbreviations indicate the welding positions as follows: F p Flat H p Horizontal H-fillets p Horizontal fillets V-down p Vertical with downward progression

V p Vertical For electrodes 3 ⁄ 16 in. (4.8 mm) and under, except 5 ⁄ 32 in. (4.0 mm) OH p Overhead 6 5 and under for classifications E7014, E7015, E7016, E7018, and E7018M.

b. The term “dcep” refers to direct current electrode positive (dc, reverse polarity). The term “dcen” refers to direct current electrode negative (dc, straight polarity). c. Electrodes of the E6022 classification are intended for single-pass welds only. d. Electrodes with supplemental elongation, notch toughness, absorbed moisture, and diffusible hydrogen requirements may be further identified as shown in Tables 2, 3, 10, and 11.

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

TABLE 3

CHARPY V-NOTCH IMPACT REQUIREMENTS

Limits for 3 out of 5 Specimens a

AWS Single Value, Classification Average, Min. Min.

E6010, E6011, E6027, E7015, 20 ft-lb at −20°F 15 ft-lb at −20°F E7016b, (27 J at − 29°C) (20 J at −29°C) E7018b, 6 E7027, E

E6019 20 ft-lb at 0°F 15 ft-lb at 0°F E7028 6 (27 J at −18°C) (20 J at −18°C)

E6012, E6013, E6020, E6022, 6

Not Specified Not Specified E7014, E7024b

Limits for 5 out of 5 Specimens c

Single Value, Average, Min. Min.

E7018M 50 ft-lb at −20°F 40 ft-lb at − 20°F (67 J at −29°C) (54 J at −29°C) NOTES: a. Both the highest and lowest test values obtained shall be disregarded in computing the average. Two of these remaining three values shall equal or exceed 20 ft-lb (27 J). b. Electrodes with the following optional supplemental designations shall meet the lower temperature impact requirements specified below. Charpy V-Notch Impact Requirements, Limits for 3 out of 5 specimens (Refer to Note a above)

AWS Electrode Single Value, Classification Designation Average, Min. Min.

E7016 E7016-1 20 ft-lb at −50°F 15 ft-lb at −50°F E7018 E7018-1 6 (27 J at −46°C) (20 J at −46°C)

E7024 E7024-1 20 ft-lb at 0°F 15 ft-lb at 0°F (27 J at −18°C) (20 J at −18°C) c. All five values obtained shall be used in computing the average. Four of the five values shall equal, or exceed, 50 ft-lb (67 J).

( 4 ) The groove weld in Fig. 4 for transverse tensile

and longitudinal bend tests for welds made with the

E6022 single pass electrode

( 5 ) The groove weld in Fig. 5 for mechanical proper-

ties and soundness of weld metal made with the E7018M

electrode The sample for chemical analysis may be taken from

a low dilution area either in the groove weld in Fig.

2 or 5 or in the fractured all-weld-metal tension test

specimen, thereby avoiding the need to make a weld pad. In case of dispute, the weld pad shall be the referee method.

8.2 Preparation of each weld test assembly shall be as prescribed in 8.3 through 8.5. The base metal for each assembly shall be as required in Table 5 and shall meet the requirements of the ASTM specification shown there or an equivalent specification. Testing of

PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,

ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.

TABLE 4

REQUIRED TESTS

a,b

Electrode Size

c^

Radiographic Test

e

AWS

Current and

Chemical

d^

All-Weld-Metal

Impact

Fillet

Moisture

Classification

Polarity

a^

in.

mm

Analysis

Tension Test

f^

Test

g^

Weld Test

h^

Test

f

3 ⁄^32
,^
1 ⁄^8
NR
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR
5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
NR
F
F
V & OH
NR
E

dcep

7 ⁄^32
NR
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

5

1 ⁄^4
NR
F
F
H
NR
5 ⁄^16
NR
F
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR
3 ⁄^32
,^
1 ⁄^8
NR
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR
5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
NR
F
F
V & OH
NR
E

ac and dcep

7 ⁄^32
NR
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

5

1 ⁄^4
NR
F
F
H
NR
5 ⁄^16
NR
F
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR
1 ⁄^16

to

(^1)

⁄^8

inc.

1.6 to 3.2 inc.

NR
NR

b^

NR
NR

b^

NR
E

ac and dcen

5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
NR
F

i^

NR
V & OH
NR

5

7 ⁄^32
NR
NR

b^

NR
NR

b^

NR
1 ⁄^4
,^
5 ⁄^16
NR
F

i^

NR
H
NR
1 ⁄^16

to

(^1)

⁄^8

inc.

1.6 to 3.2 inc.

NR
NR

b^

NR
NR

b^

NR

ac, dcep, and

5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
NR
F

l^

NR
V & OH
NR
E

dcen

7 ⁄^32
NR
NR

b^

NR
NR

b^

NR

5

1 ⁄^4
,^
5 ⁄^16
NR
F

l^

NR
H
NR
5 ⁄^64

to

(^1)

⁄^8

inc.

2.0 to 3.2 inc.

NR
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

ac, dcep, and

5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
NR
F

l^

F

l^

V & OH
NR
E

dcen

7 ⁄^32
NR
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

5

1 ⁄^4
,^
5 ⁄^16
NR
F

l^

F

l^

H
NR
NR
NR

b^

NR
NR

b^

NR
1 ⁄^8
NR
F

l^

NR
H
NR
5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
NR
NR

b^

NR
NR

b^

NR
E
7 ⁄^32

5

5

1 ⁄^4
NR
F

l^

NR
H
NR

For H-fillets,

ac and dcen; For flat

position ac, dcep, and

dcen

6

5 ⁄^16
NR
F

l^

NR
NR

b^

NR
1 ⁄^8
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
E

ac and dcen

5

5 ⁄^32

to

(^7)

⁄^32

inc.

4.0 to 5.6 inc.

NR
NR

i,k

NR
NR
NR

For H-fillets,

NR
NR

b

1 ⁄^8
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

ac and dcen;

NR
F

l,m

5 ⁄^32
,^
3 ⁄^16
F

l^

H
NR

For flat

NR
NR

b

E
7 ⁄^32
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

position

5

1 ⁄^4
F

l^

H
NR
NR
F

l,m

ac, dcep, and

5 ⁄^16
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR
NR
F

l,m

dcen

(Continued)

PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,

ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.

TABLE 4 (CONT’D)REQUIRED TESTS

a,b

Electrode Size

c^

Radiographic Test

e

AWS

Current and

Chemical

d^

All-Weld-Metal

Impact

Fillet

Moisture

Classification

Polarity

a^

in.

mm

Analysis

Tension Test

f^

Test

g^

Weld Test

h^

Test

f

1 ⁄^8
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b

5 ⁄^32
F
F

m^

F

Req’d.

3 ⁄^16
NR

b^

F

m^

F
H
NR

b

E

ac and dcep

7 ⁄^32
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b

5

1 ⁄^4
F
F

m^

F
H

Req’d.

5 ⁄^16
NR

b^

F

m^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b

1 ⁄^8
NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b^

NR

b

NR

b

5 ⁄^32
F
F
F

Req’d.

E

ac and dcep

V-down & OH

5

V-down & H

3 ⁄^16
NR

b^

F
F
NR

b

NOTES:a. NR means “not required”. The abbreviations, F, H, H-fillets, V-down, V, and OH, are defined in Note a of Table 1. The terms “dcep” and “dcen”, are defined in Note b of Table 1.b. Standard electrode sizes not requiring this specific test can be classified provided at least two other sizes of that classification have passed the tests required for them, or the size to beclassified meets specification requirements by having been tested in accordance with Figures 1, 2, and 3 and Table 6.c. Electrodes manufactured in sizes not shown shall be tested to the requirements of the nearest standard size. 6.0 mm electrode shall be tested to the requirements of

(^1)

⁄^4

in. (6.4 mm)

electrode.d. See Section 9, Chemical Analysis.e. See Section 10, Radiographic Test.f.

See Section 11, Tension Test. g. See Section 13, Impact Test.h. See Section 14, Fillet Weld Test.i. A radiographic test is not required for this classification.j. The moisture test given in Sections 15 through 15.9 is the required test for measurement of moisture content of the covering. In Section 16, Absorbed Moisture Test, and Section 17,Diffusible Hydrogen Test, are supplemental tests required only when their corresponding optional supplemental designators are to be used with the classification designators.k. A transverse tension test (see 11.2 and Figure 9) and a longitudinal guided bend test (see Section 12, Bend Test, and Figure 10) are required for classification of

(^5)

⁄^32
,^

16

, and

(^7)

⁄^32

in.

(4.0, 4.8, and 5.6 mm) E6022 electrodes. Welding shall be in the flat position. See Note d of Table 2.l. When dcep and dcen are shown, only dcen need be tested.m. Electrodes longer than 18 in. (450 mm) will require a double length test assembly in accordance with Note 2 of Figure 2, to ensure uniformity of the entire electrode.n. Tests in Section 16 Absorbed Moisture Test, and in Section 17, Diffusible Hydrogen Test, are required tests for all sizes of E7018M.o. Electrodes identified as E7024-1 shall be impact tested. See Note b of Table 3.

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

FIG. 1 PAD FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF

UNDILUTED WELD METAL

the assemblies shall be as prescribed in Sections 9

through 14.

Electrodes other than low hydrogen electrodes shall

be tested without “conditioning.” Low hydrogen elec-

trodes, if they have not been adequately protected

against moisture pickup in storage, shall be held at a

temperature of 500 to 800°F (260 to 427°C) for a

minimum of one hour prior to testing.

8.3 Weld Pad. A weld pad, when required, shall

be prepared as specified in Fig. 1. Base metal of any

convenient size of the type specified in Table 5 shall

be used as the base for the weld pad. The surface of

the base metal on which the filler metal is deposited shall be clean. The pad shall be welded in the flat

position with multiple layers to obtain undiluted weld

metal. The preheat temperature shall not be less than

60°F (16°C) and the interpass temperature shall not exceed 300°F (150°C). The slag shall be removed after each pass. The pad may be quenched in water between passes. The dimensions of the completed pad shall be as shown in Fig. 1. Testing of this assembly shall be as specified in Section 9, Chemical Analysis.

8.4 Groove Weld

8.4.1 Mechanical Properties and Soundness. A test assembly shall be prepared and welded as specified in Figs. 2 or 5 using base metal of the appropriate type specified in Table 5. Testing of this assembly shall be as specified in Section 11, Tension Test, and Section 13, Impact Test. The assembly shall be tested in the as-welded or aged condition.

8.4.2 Transverse Tension and Bend Tests. A test assembly shall be prepared and welded as specified in Fig. 4 using base metal of the appropriate type specified in Table 5. Testing of this assembly shall be as specified in 11.2 through 11.4 and Section 12, Bend Test. The assembly shall be tested in the aged condition.

8.5 Fillet Weld. A test assembly shall be prepared and welded as specified in Table 4 and Fig. 3 using base metal of the appropriate type specified in Table

  1. The welding positions shall be as specified in Table 6 and Figs. 3 and 6 according to the size and classifica- tion of electrode. Testing of the assembly shall be as specified in Section 14, Fillet Weld Test. 9. Chemical Analysis

9.1 The sample for analysis shall be taken from weld metal obtained with the electrode. The sample shall come from a weld pad or from a low dilution area in the fractured all-weld-metal tension specimen or the groove weld in Figs. 2 or 5. Areas where arc starts or craters exist shall be avoided. The top surface of the pad described in 8.3 and shown in Fig. 1 shall be removed and discarded, and a sample for analysis shall be obtained from the underlying metal by any appropriate mechanical means. The sample shall be free of slag and shall be taken at least 1 ⁄ 4 in. (6.4 mm) from the nearest surface of the base metal. The low dilution area in the fractured tension test specimen or in the groove weld in Figs. 2 or 5 shall be prepared for analysis by any suitable mechanical means.

9.2 The sample shall be analyzed by accepted analyti- cal methods. The referee method shall be ASTM Stan- dard Method E350, Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

FIG. 3 FILLET WELD TEST ASSEMBLY

PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,

ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.

FIG. 4 TEST ASSEMBLY FOR TRANSVERSE TENSION AND LONGITUDINAL GUIDED BEND TESTS FOR

WELDS MADE WITH E6022 ELECTRODES

PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,

ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.

TABLE 5

BASE METAL FOR TEST ASSEMBLIES

Base Metal UNS AWS Classification Type ASTM Specificationa^ Numberb

A131 Grade B K All Carbon steel 5

A285 Grade A K A285 Grade B K

A285 Grade C K A283 Grade D — All except E7018M Carbon steel A36 K (^5) A29 Grade 1015 G A29 Grade 1020 G NOTES: a. Equivalent steel may be used. b. SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys.

Low Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron

and Wrought Iron.

9.3 The results of the analysis shall meet the require-

ments of Table 7 for the classification of electrode

under test.

10. Radiographic Test

10.1 When required in Table 4, the groove weld

described in 8.4.1 and shown in Fig. 2 or 5 shall be

radiographed to evaluate the soundness of the weld

metal. In preparation for radiography, the backing shall

be removed, and both surfaces of the weld shall be

machined or ground smooth. The finished surface of

the weld may be flush with the plate or have a

reasonably uniform reinforcement not exceeding 3 ⁄ 32 in.

(2.4 mm). Both surfaces of the test assembly in the

area of the weld shall be smooth enough to avoid

difficulty in interpreting the radiograph.

10.2 The weld shall be radiographed in accordance

with ASTM Method E142, Controlling Quality of Radio-

graphic Testing. The quality level of inspection shall

be 2-2T.

10.3 The soundness of the weld metal meets the

requirements of this specification if the radiograph

shows the following:

( 1 ) No cracks, no incomplete fusion or incomplete

joint penetration

( 2 ) No slag inclusions longer than 1 ⁄ 4 in. (6.4 mm) or 1 ⁄ 3 of the thickness of the weld, whichever is greater,

or no groups of slag inclusions in line that have an

aggregate length greater than the thickness of the weld

in a length 12 times the thickness of the weld, except when the distance between the successive inclusions exceeds 6 times the length of the longest inclusions in the group. ( 3 ) No rounded indications in excess of those permit- ted by the radiographic standards in Fig. 7 according to the grade specified in Table 8. One in. (25 mm) of the weld measured from each end of the assembly shall be excluded from radiographic evaluation.

10.4 A rounded indication is an indication (on the radiograph) whose length is no more than three times its width. Rounded indications may be circular, elliptical, conical, or irregular in shape, and they may have “tails.” The size of a rounded indication is the largest dimension of the indication, including any tail that may be present. The indication may be porosity or slag. Indications whose largest dimension does not exceed 1 ⁄ 64 in. (0. mm) shall be disregarded. Test assemblies with porosity indications larger than the largest rounded indications permitted in the radiographic standards do not meet the requirements of this specification.

11. Tension Test

11.1 One all-weld-metal tension test specimen shall be machined from the groove weld described in 8.4. as shown in Fig. 2 or 5. The dimensions of the specimen shall be as shown in Fig. 8.

11.2 For E6022 electrodes, one traverse tension test specimen shall be machined from the groove weld

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

TABLE 6

REQUIREMENTS FOR PREPARATION OF FILLET WELD TEST ASSEMBLIES

Assembly Size

a

Electrode Size

Thickness (T)

Length

b^ (L), Min.

Fillet Weld Size

AWS

Welding

Classification

in.

mm

in.

mm

in.

mm

Position

in.

mm

3 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^8
V & OH

32

max.

1 ⁄^8
3 ⁄^16
V & OH

16

max.

5 ⁄^32
3 ⁄^8
V & OH

4

max.

E6010 and

6

3 ⁄^16
3 ⁄^8
V & OH

16

max.

E
7 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^2

12 or 16

c^

300 or 400

c^

H

4

min.

1 ⁄^4
1 ⁄^2
H

4

min.

5 ⁄^16
1 ⁄^2
H

4

min.

1 ⁄^16
⁄^64
1 ⁄^8
V & OH

8

max.

3 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^8
V & OH

8

max.

1 ⁄^8
3 ⁄^16
V & OH

16

max.

E6012,
5 ⁄^32
3 ⁄^8
V & OH

4

max.

E6013 and

3 ⁄^16
1 ⁄^2
V & OH

8

max.

E
7 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^2

12 or 16

c^

300 or 400

c^

H

4

min.

1 ⁄^4
1 ⁄^2
H

16

min.

5 ⁄^16
1 ⁄^2
H

16

min.

3 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^8
V & OH

32

max.

1 ⁄^8
3 ⁄^16
V & OH

16

max.

5 ⁄^32
3 ⁄^8
V & OH

16

max.

E

6

3 ⁄^16
3 ⁄^8
H

4

min.

7 ⁄^32
3 ⁄^8

12 or 16

c^

300 or 400

c^

H

4

min.

1 ⁄^4
1 ⁄^2
H

16

min.

5 ⁄^16
1 ⁄^2
H

16

min.

3 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^8
V & OH

32

max.

1 ⁄^8
1 ⁄^4
V & OH

16

max.

5 ⁄^32
3 ⁄^8
V & OH

16

max.

E7015 and

6

3 ⁄^16
3 ⁄^8
H

16

min.

E
7 ⁄^32
1 ⁄^2

12 or 16

c^

300 or 400

c^

H

4

min.

1 ⁄^4
1 ⁄^2
H

16

min.

5 ⁄^16
1 ⁄^2
H

16

min.

(Continued)

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

FIG. 6 WELDING POSITIONS FOR FILLET WELD TEST ASSEMBLIES

described in 8.4.2 and Fig. 4. The dimensions of the

specimen shall be as shown in Fig. 9.

11.3 The tension specimens for all electrodes except

the low hydrogen classifications shall be aged at 200

to 220°F (95 to 105°C) for 48 6 2 hours, and cooled

in air to room temperature. All specimens shall be

tested in the manner described in the tension testing section of AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical

Testing of Welds.

11.4 The results of the tension test shall meet the

requirements specified in Table 2.

12. Bend Test (For E6022 Electrodes Only)

12.1 One longitudinal face bend specimen, as required

in Table 4, shall be machined from the groove weld

test assembly described in 8.4.2 and shown in Fig. 4.

Dimensions of the specimen shall be as shown in Fig. 10.

12.2 The bend specimen shall be aged at 200 to

220°F (95 to 105°C) for 48 6 2 hours then air cooled

to room temperature and tested as required in 12.3.

12.3 The specimen shall be tested in the manner

described in the bend testing section of AWS B4.0,

Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds.

The specimen shall be bent uniformly through 180

degrees over a 3 ⁄ 4 in. (19 mm) radius in any suitable

jig. Three standard jigs are shown in Fig. 11. Positioning

of the face bend specimen shall be such that the weld

face of the last side welded is in tension.

12.4 Each specimen, after bending, shall conform to

the 3 ⁄ 4 in. (19 mm) radius, with an appropriate allowance

for springback and the weld metal shall not contain openings in excess of 1 ⁄ 8 in. (3.2 mm) on the convex surface.

13. Impact Test

13.1 Five Charpy V-notch impact test specimens, Fig. 12, shall be machined from the test assembly shown in Fig. 2 or 5, for those classifications for which impact testing is required in Table 4.

13.2 The five specimens shall be tested in accordance with the fracture toughness testing section of AWS B4.0, Standard Methods for Mechanical Testing of Welds. The test temperature shall be that specified in Table 3 for the classification under test.

13.3 In evaluating the test results for all the classifica- tions that require impact testing, except E7018M, the lowest and highest values obtained shall be disregarded. Two of the three remaining values shall equal, or exceed, the specified 20 ft-lb (27J) energy level. One of the three may be lower, but not lower than 15 ft- lb (20J). The average of the three shall not be less than the required 20 ft-lb (27J) energy level.

13.4 In evaluating the results for E7018M, all five values shall be used. Four of the five values shall equal, or exceed, the specified 50 ft-lb (67J) energy level. One of the five may be lower, but not lower than 40 ft-lb (54J). The average of the five shall not be less than the required 50 ft-lb (67J) energy level.

PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,

ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.

TABLE 7

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION REQUIREMENTS FOR WELD METAL

Weight, Percent

b

AWS
UNS

a^

Combined Limit for

Classification

Number

C

Mn

Si

P
S

Ni

Cr

Mo

V

Mn + Ni + Cr + Mo + V

E
W
E
W
E
W
E
W
E
W

--------------------Not Specified-------------------

E
W
E
W
E
W
E
W
E
W

Not Specified

Not Specified

E
W
E
W
E
W

Not Specified

Not Specified

E
W
E
W

6

Not Specified

Not Specified

E
W
E7018M
W

0.40 to 1.

Not Specified

NOTES:a. SAE/ASTM Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys.b. Single values are maximum.

PART C — SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDING RODS,

ELECTRODES, AND FILLER METALS SFA-5.

FIG. 7 RADIOGRAPHIC ACCEPTANCE STANDARDS FOR ROUNDED INDICATIONS (Grade 2) (CONT’D)

SFA-5.1 1998 SECTION II

TABLE 8

RADIOGRAPHIC SOUNDNESS REQUIREMENTS

AWS

Classification Radiographic Standard a,b

E E E E7016 Grade 1

E
E7018M
E
E
E
E
E

Grade 2 E

E
E
E
E

E6022^6 Not specified

NOTES: a. See Figure 7. b. The radiographic soundness obtainable under actual industrial con- ditions employed for the various electrode classifications is discussed in A6.10.1 in the Appendix.

14. Fillet Weld Test

14.1 The fillet weld test, when required in Table 4,

shall be made in accordance with 8.5 and Fig. 3. The

entire face of the completed fillet weld shall be examined

visually. It shall be free of cracks, overlap, slag, and

porosity, and shall be substantially free of undercut.

An infrequent short undercut up to 1 ⁄ 32 in. (0.8 mm)

depth shall be allowed. After the visual examination,

a specimen, approximately 1 in. (25 mm) in length,

shall be removed as shown in Fig. 3. One cross-

sectional surface of the specimen shall be polished,

etched, and then examined as required in 14.2.

14.2 Scribe lines shall be placed on the prepared

surface, as shown in Fig. 13, and the fillet weld size,

fillet weld leg, and convexity shall be determined to

the nearest 1 ⁄ 64 in. (0.4 mm) by actual measurement

(see Fig. 13). These measurements shall meet the

requirements of Table 6 with respect to minimum or

maximum fillet weld size and the requirements of Table 9 with respect to maximum convexity and maximum

difference between fillet weld legs according to the

fillet weld size measured.

14.3 The remaining two sections of the test assembly shall be broken through the fillet weld by a force exerted as shown in Fig. 14. When necessary to facilitate fracture through the fillet, one or more of the following procedures may be used: ( 1 ) A reinforcing bead, as shown in Fig. 14, may be added to each leg of the weld. ( 2 ) The position of the web on the flange may be changed, as shown in Fig. 14. ( 3 ) The face of the fillet may be notched, as shown in Fig. 14. Tests in which the weld metal pulls out of the base metal during bending are invalid tests. Specimens in which this occurs shall be replaced, specimen for specimen, and the test completed. In this case, the doubling of specimens as required for retest in Section 7, Retest, does not apply.

14.4 The fractured surfaces shall be visually examined without magnification. The fracture surface shall be free of cracks. Incomplete fusion at the weld root shall not be greater than 20% of the total length of the weld. There shall be no continuous length of incomplete fusion greater than 1 in. (25 mm) as measured along the weld axis except for electrodes of the E6012, E6013, and E7014 classifications. Fillet welds made with electrodes of these classifications may exhibit incomplete fusion through the entire length of the fillet weld, provided that at no point this incomplete fusion exceeds 25 percent of the smaller leg of the fillet weld.

15. Moisture Test

15.1 The moisture content of the covering on the low hydrogen electrodes, when required in Table 4, shall be determined by any suitable method. In case of dispute, the method described in 15.3 through 15. shall be the referee method.

15.2 The electrodes shall be tested without condition- ing, unless the manufacturer recommends otherwise. If the electrodes are conditioned, that fact, along with the method used for conditioning, and the time and temperature involved in the conditioning, shall be noted on the test record. The moisture content shall not exceed the limit specified in Table 10.

15.3 This method (the referee method) consists of heating a sample of the covering in a nickel or clay boat placed inside a combustion tube in order to remove the moisture from the covering. A stream of oxygen is used to carry the moisture to an absorption tube where the moisture is collected. The moisture content of the covering is determined by the increase in weight