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California Water Distribution Grade 3 /
Actual Exam Review Questions &
Complete Answers / Newest Update
_____________Quiz____________? R.P.P.A. -
Answer ✓✓
Reduced pressure principal assembly. Backflow prevention for back siphonage and back pressure. _____________Quiz____________? American Public Works Association color codes. White, pink, red, yellow, orange, blue, purple and green -
Answer ✓✓
White=proposed excavation Pink=temporary survey markings red=electric power yellow=gas,oil and steam orange=communications(phone/cable) blue=water purple=reclaimed water
green=sewer and storm drains. _____________Quiz____________? Distance between water and sewer lines. -
Answer ✓✓
Running parallel-at least 10ft apart. Perpendicular crossing-water lines at least 1ft above sewer. Common trench-water and sewer must not be in same trench. _____________Quiz____________? Water main and force main regulations. -
Answer ✓✓
Parallel-at least 10ft apart. Perpendicular crossing-Water lines at least 1ft above and force main should be encased 10ft in both directions. New water lines installed over force mains should be rated to 200psi or equivalent. Force mains over 1000ft must have clean outs every 600ft.
_____________Quiz____________? What is Coliform Bacteria? -
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A group of bacteria found in the intestines of warm blooded animals. Also found in plants, soil, air and water. It's positive test is and indication that the water is polluted and may contain pathogenic (disease causing) organisms. Most coliform bacteria are not necessarily bad for you, but are used as an indicator to warn of more harmful bacteria. Testing this way is the easiest, most efficient and least expensive way. E. coli, however, is a type of coliform bacteria (fecal) that can make people sick. _____________Quiz____________? 4 types of corrosion -
Answer ✓✓
Chemical: Low PH/ soft water Electrical: Galvanic reaction of dissimilar metals where one erodes the other. Erosion: Velocity greater than 5 feet per second erodes pipes and bends like sandpaper over time. Also increases dissolved oxygen content in highly oxygenated water.
Biological: Living organisms-Iron bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria. Common in ground water. _____________Quiz____________? What is corrosion? -
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The gradual decomposition of a material over time by a chemical action. _____________Quiz____________? Tier 1 violations -
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Directly and immediately affect public health.
- Fecal coliform positive.
- Nitrite, nitrate or total MCL violation.
- Chlorine Dioxide MRDL violation.
- Turbidity MCL violation.
- Perchlorate MCL violation. _____________Quiz____________? Relationship between Nitrates and methemoglobinemia. -
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Less than or equal to 8% lead in pipes. Less than or equal to 0.2% lead in solder Utilities not in compliance must modify treatment techniques until they are in compliance. _____________Quiz____________? Dynamic Water -
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Water moving _____________Quiz____________? Volatile -
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A liquid capable of going from liquid to gas at a relatively low temperature. _____________Quiz____________? Flexural strength -
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Resistance to breaking while being bending. _____________Quiz____________? Safe Drinking Water Act -
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Passed by congress in 1974 creating uniform national standards for drinking water quality to ensure every public water supply would meet minimum health standards. Set primary and secondary regulations. Created the Total Coliform Rule, Surface Water Treatment Rule and Lead and Copper Rule among others. _____________Quiz____________? Tier 2 Violations -
Answer ✓✓
- All MCL or MRDL treatment technique violations except those that are Tier 1
- Monitoring Violations if elevated to Tier 2
- Failure to comply with variance or exemption conditions. _____________Quiz____________? 95 degrees for 24 Hours is? -
Answer ✓✓
Test for coliform bacteria. Will produce gas and acid in lactose or a lauryl tryptose broth. _____________Quiz____________? Public water system break down. -
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Community Water System-Piped water for consumption with 15 or more service connections.
_____________Quiz____________? Chlorine levels -
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Minimum Residual: .2 mg/L RCML: 2.0 mg/L (recommended maximum contaminant level) MCL: 4.0 mg/L _____________Quiz____________? Types of Connecting Joints -
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Push on joint(Bell and spigot): Very common. Least expensive, quick to install.
- Install:Clean bell and plain end, lube gasket and plain end. Plain end edge is beveled, push together. Concrete Pipe joints: Similar to bell and spigot, but gasket sits in groove on plain end. Restrained Joint: Used with ground movement or high thrust. Allthread and nuts. Flanged Joints:Use above ground where pipe is rigid. Ends are flanged and connected with nuts and bolts.
Ball and socket: Good for deflection up to 15 degrees. Called flexible joints. Each side can move independently. Mechanical Joint: Good for high degree of deflection. Has gasket running deep into joint with a follower to force gasket onto pipe. Bolts through entire joint. _____________Quiz____________? Competent person and duties -
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Individual with excavation knowledge and training who is in charge of an excavation job and has the power to stop work in the event of a hazard. DUTIES:
- Inspect trench safety daily.
- Classify soil.
- monitor de watering.
- Ensure proper use of shoring
- monitor work, account for workers _____________Quiz____________? Soil types -
Answer ✓✓
A Strongest: Clay
Story Pole -
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Tool used for measuring depth in a trench. _____________Quiz____________? Trench width for mains. -
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1 - 2ft greater than pipe diameter. _____________Quiz____________? Location of service tap on main and possible issues. -
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45 degrees from top.
- Too low: sedimentation can get into service line.
- Too high: Air can get into service line. _____________Quiz____________? Main line sizes and factors. -
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6" Minimum residential 8" Minimum business 4" Should only be used for circulation. FACTORS
- Minimum size able to satisfy domestic use PLUS fire protection.
- Fire protection is the primary factor for water mains, tanks and pump stations.
- based on velocities of 2-4 ft per second. _____________Quiz____________? Dry Barrel fire hydrant -
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Valve is located under ground and no water in hydrant when not in use. Used where freezing is a concern. 2 Types-Wet Top and dry top.
- Wet top has threaded end of rod and stem submerged in water when in use.
- Dry Top has threaded end of rod and stem sealed from water when in use. _____________Quiz____________? Wet barrel fire hydrant -
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Hydrant has no main valve. Rather each nozzle has a separate valve. Not suitable for freezing climates. Always has water in it. _____________Quiz____________? Haunching -
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Measures a known amount of water passing through. - Nutating disk-disk on a spindle wobbles up and down.
- Piston-moves back and forth with flow of water. _____________Quiz____________? Velocity meters -
Answer ✓✓
- Turbine meter-Rotor turns with flow.
- Multijet-Flow is directed at vanes on a rotor, rotor speed measures flow.
- Ultrasonic-Sound pulses in water used to calculate flow.
- Venturi-A defined throat restricts flow and increases velocity. Little maintenance, good on large pipes, only good for specific flow range.
- Orifice meters-This plate with hole. Cheap and easy...high head loss. _____________Quiz____________? Proportional Meter -
Answer ✓✓
A portion of flow is diverted through a bypass and metered. Diversion is accomplished through an orifice plate causing pressure differential
Used for fire services. _____________Quiz____________? Insertion meter -
Answer ✓✓
Inexpensive way to add a meter to existing line. Probe with rotor is inserted through a mounting saddle. _____________Quiz____________? Compound meter -
Answer ✓✓
Combo of a high flow measuring meter(typically turbine) and low flow measuring meter(usually multijet or positive displacement) with a check valve to divert flow to whatever meter is needed. Good for wide flow range. _____________Quiz____________? TTHM, HAA5, chlorite and bromate meaning, what are they and MCL's. -
Answer ✓✓
They are disinfection byproducts or DBPs. TTHM= Total Trihalomethanes
- Scale from 0 to 14 that quantifies the number of hydrogen ions in a solution.
- 0=most acidic 14= most basic
- pH= power of hydrogen _____________Quiz____________? pH of natural water. -
Answer ✓✓
7 is neutral. _____________Quiz____________? Acids and bases supply what? -
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Acids supply hydrogen atoms (H+) hydrochloric acid HCL = H+ & CL- Bases supply hydroxyl (OH-) Sodium Hydroxide Na OH = Na & OH-
_____________Quiz____________? pH measured in water. -
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A small percentage of water (H20) will break apart into Hydrogen ions (H+)(acid) and Hydroxyl Ions (OH)(base). PH measures Hydrogen Ion concentration. The higher the Hydrogen Ion(H) concentration the more acidic the water. _____________Quiz____________? Explain Alkalinity and define 3 ways. -
Answer ✓✓
Alkalinity works as a buffer for pH. Defined
- The capacity of water to neutralize acids due to the total amount of bases in it.
- The capacity of water to resist a change in pH by neutralizing hydrogen ions..
- A measure of how much acid must be added to lower pH to 4.5, where no more alkalinity exists. More acid drops pH dramatically after that. _____________Quiz____________? Main forms of alkalinity, where they come from and what they do. -
Answer ✓✓
