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Calculating Drug Doses - RAU's Ch 4
Questions and Answers.
The amount of solute in a solution, usually expressed as a percentage, is called the - Correct Answer strength. The amount of solute that is in a solution containing 100 parts is the - Correct Answer Percentage. A physically homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called a(n)
- Correct Answer Solution A ______ is a substance that is dissolved in a solution - Correct Answer Solute. A substance, usually a liquid, that is used to make a solution is called a - Correct Answer Solvent. The amount of drug that is needed, based on a patient's weight, is called - Correct Answer Schedule. 51 cm = - Correct Answer 510 mm 33 g = - Correct Answer 3300 mg 24 mL = - Correct Answer 0.024 L 17 m = - Correct Answer 1700 cm 68 kg = - Correct Answer 68,000 g 2 teaspoons = - Correct Answer 120 drops How many drops are in 1.0 mL? - Correct Answer 12
Drug A comes in 200 mg tablets. A dose of 500 mg/day is prescribed. How many tablets should the patient take? - Correct Answer Original dose = 200 mg (amount in 1 tablet) Per amount = 1 tablet Desired dose = 500 mg Per amount = x tablets 500(1) = 200 (x) 500 = 200 (x) x = 2.5 tablets You are ordered to give 6 mg of dextromethorphan hydrobromide. How many milliliters of dextromethorphan hydrobromide should be given? - Correct Answer Original dose = 10 mg Per amount = 5 mL Desired dose = 6 mg Per amount = x mL 10(x) = 5(6) x = 3 mL If there is 100 mg of drug in 50 mL of elixir and you want to give a 10 mg dose, how many milliliters of elixir should be given? - Correct Answer Original dose = 100 mg Per amount = 50 mL Desired dose = 10 mg Per amount = x (mL) Cross multiply 100 mg(x) = 500 mL/mg x = 5 mL How many milliliters do you need to give to deliver 650 U of heparin? - Correct Answer Original dose = 1000 units Per amount = 1 mL Desired dose = 650 units Per amount = x mL 1000(x) = (650) L 1000(x) = 650 x = 0.65 mL Insulin has a standard preparation of 1 unit - Correct Answer 0.04 mg.
Next find the number of milliliters required to achieve this dose Original dose = 100 mg/5 mL Desired dose = 100 mg Amount needed = x 100 mg (x) = 100 mg (5 mL) x = 5 mL Based on the weight of the newborn, prepared strength, and dosing schedule, 5 mL will give the needed dose of 100 mg. To achieve a homogenous solution, a ________ is dissolved in a _________. - Correct Answer Solute, Solvent. What percent strength is a 1:100 solution of a drug? - Correct Answer 1/100 = 0.01, which is 1% mg Percent strength = 1:250 = 0. Total amount of solution = 5 mL Active ingredient = x 0.004 = x/5 mL x g = 0.004 X 5 = 0.02 g active ingredient, or 20 mg. How many milligrams of active ingredient are in 5 mL of a 1:250 drug? - Correct Answer Percent strength = 1:250 = 0. Total amount of solution = 5 mL Active ingredient = x 0.004 = x/5 mL x g = 0.004 5 = 0.02 g active ingredient, or 20 mg. A patient needs 3 mL of 10% Mucomyst, but only 20% Mucomyst is available. How much 20% Mucomyst should be used? - Correct Answer Percent strength (in decimals) = 0. Total amount of solution = 3 mL Percent strength of solute = 0. Dilute solute (active ingredient) = x mL 0.10 = x(0.20) / 3 mL x(0.20) = 0.10 X 3 x(0.20) = 0.
x = 0.3 / 0.20 = 1.5 mL of 20% Mucomyst If you have 2.5 mL of a 20% solution and mix it with 2.5 mL of normal saline for a total of 5 mL, what will be the percent solution? - Correct Answer 10% (this is a half-half mixture) Although the definition of percentage strength is solution involves grams or milliliters, the amount of active ingredient in most nebulized drug solutions is in - Correct Answer Milligrams. Complete the following medication calculations. - Correct Answer Percent Strength (%) / Drug Amount (mg/mL) a. 20% / 200 b. 10% / 100 c. 0.5% / 5 d. 0.0% / 0. Convert from gram to percent strength to mg/mL. - Correct Answer Grams (g) / Percent Strength (%) / Drug Amount (mg/mL) a. 0.001 g / 0.1% / 1 b. 0.002 g / 0.2% / 2 c. 0.003 g / 0.3% / 3 If you have 2 mL of a 1% solution of a drug, how many milligrams is the active ingredient? - Correct Answer 0.01 = 0.01 (2 cc) = x g x = 0.02 g Now convert grams to milligrams 0.02 X 1000 mg/g = 20 mg. What is the amount of active ingredient in 0.5% strength albuterol that has a usual dose of 0.5 mL? - Correct Answer 0.005 = x g = 0.005 (0.5) = 0.0025 g 0.0025 g = 2.5 mg Using the equation for percentage strength on page 70 of the textbook, calculate the amount of albuterol in mg/mL if you had a 0.5% strength solution. - Correct Answer 5 mg/mL or 5 mg per 1 mL of solution
b. 60 c. 50 d. 20 - Correct Answer a. 40 The physician's order reads, "Instill 5mL 5% NaHCO3 q4h and prn." The pharmacy has 50-mL ampoules of an 8.4% solution. How many milliliters of distilled water must be added to make a 5% solution? a. 10 b. 21 c. 34 d. 42 - Correct Answer c. 34 The physician's order reads, "Administer 75mg Decadron via hand-held nebulizer." How many milliliters of a 2.5% solution should you use? a. 2. b. 0. c. 3 d. 1.5 - Correct Answer c. 3 The amount of drug that is needed, based on a patient's weight, is called: a. solution b. body weight proportion c. schedule d. active ingredient - Correct Answer c. schedule What is the percent strength of a drug available at 50mg/mL? a. 1 b. 5 c. 10 d. 15 - Correct Answer b. 5 The usual dose of albuterol sulfate is 0.5mL of a 0.5% strength solution. How many milligrams is this? a. 5. b. 2. c. 1. d. 0.50 - Correct Answer b. 2.
Surfactant has been ordered to be delivered to a premature newborn infant weighing 1.2kg. What dose should be delivered for a dosage schedule of 5mL/kg of body weight? a. 6mL b. 5mL c. 3mL d. 2.5mL - Correct Answer a. 6 mL A patient has been administered 2g of a drug per 100mL of solution. This would indicate the patient has received which of the following strength solutions? a. 3% b. 1% c. 2% d. 0.5% - Correct Answer d. 0.5% A patient has just completed a walk down the hospital hallway to determine the oxygen saturation during exercise. The patient walked 1500cm. How many meters did the patient walk? a. 1. b. 5 c. 15 d. 20 - Correct Answer c. 15 A prescription for an oral medication for a 3-year-old child states to give 1 teaspoon every 8 hours. The mother decides to use a syringe to obtain the medication to five a more exact dosage. How many milliliters of a drug should be given. a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 6 - Correct Answer c. 5 A patient needs 0.5g of a drug every 8 hours. If each tablet contains a strength of 250mg, how many tablets should the person take? a. 1 b. 2 c. 2. d. 1.5 - Correct Answer b. 2
