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Boxed & Bold Text - Correct Answers ✅Represent AIS coding rules and conventions and contain directives to assist in the appropriate use of specific descriptions. Brackets - Correct Answers ✅Denote inclusive or exclusive information. Parentheseses - Correct Answers ✅Include synonyms or occasionally, non-clinical terms and provide a definition for the injury description. Semicolons - Correct Answers ✅Separate injury descriptors that are comparable in severity. Bold Type - Correct Answers ✅Identifies an anatomical structure Italics - Correct Answers ✅Are used for proper-named anatomical structures or injuries, and for OIS grades. AIS .1 - Correct Answers ✅Minor AIS .2 - Correct Answers ✅Moderate
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AIS .3 - Correct Answers ✅Serious AIS .4 - Correct Answers ✅Severe AIS .5 - Correct Answers ✅Critical AIS .6 - Correct Answers ✅Maximum Range of AIS severity codes - Correct Answers ✅1- Is "DEATH" part of the AIS severity scale? - Correct Answers ✅No Does a linear relationship exist between AIS severity codes? - Correct Answers ✅No (T/F) Injuries within the same code may not be strictly compatible. - Correct Answers ✅T AIS .9 - Correct Answers ✅Unknown
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Level of injury within the specific body region and anatomic structure - Correct Answers ✅The fifth & sixth numbers in the pre-dot code stands for? (T/F) AIS assesses the severity of single injuries. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) The ISS is the sum of the squares of the highest AIS in each of the (3) most severity injured ISS body regions. - Correct Answers ✅T There are how many ISS body regions? - Correct Answers ✅ 6 ISS Body Regions - Correct Answers ✅Head & Neck Face Chest Abdominal & Pelvic Contents Extremities & Pelvic Girdle External Head & Neck - Correct Answers ✅Include injury to the brain, skull, cervical spine or neck organs.
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(T/F) Asphyxia is assigned to the ISS Head region? - Correct Answers ✅T Face - Correct Answers ✅Include injury to mouth, ears, eyes, nose and facial bones. Chest - Correct Answers ✅Include injury to abdominal and pelvic contents, including all lesions to internal organs in the respective cavities and injuries to diaphragm, rib cage and thoracic spine. (T/F) Drowning is assigned to the Chest region? - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) The ISS is the sum of the squares of the highest AIS in each of the (5) most severity injured ISS body regions. - Correct Answers ✅F (T/F) There are 9 ISS body regions? - Correct Answers ✅F (T/F) Asphyxia is assigned to the ISS Chest region? - Correct Answers ✅F
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Injury - Correct Answers ✅The anatomic lesion resulting from a transfer of energy rather than a complication or immediate sequelae is what? Blunt, Penetration, Burns & Selected other Trauma - Correct Answers ✅The AIS includes injuries from the what mechanisms? (T/F) The AIS sometime permits the coding of immediate sequelae, but withing strictly defined rules? - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) You can code suspected, possible or rule out diagnosis? - Correct Answers ✅F (T/F) Clinical diagnosis alone are not codable for certain injuries. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) In order to code clinical diagnosis, there must be back-up with a CT, MRI or autopsy documentation. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Cranial Nerve Injuries or Basilar Skull Fractures are an exception to coding clinical diagnosis. - Correct Answers ✅T
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Basilar Skull Fracture - Correct Answers ✅Physical signs of raccoon eyes, Battle signs, CSF rhinorrhea, CSF otorrhea and Hemotympanum are indications of what? (T/F) AIS allows coding of cranial nerve "contusion" if there is documented cranial nerve weakness/paresis or subtotal loss of function? - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) AIS allows coding of cranial nerve "laceration" if there is documented cranial nerve paralysis, or total loss of function? - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Coding a basilar skull fracture based on physical signs or manifestations is only permitted if there is evidence of traumatic head injury or the physical manifestations cannot be related to a peripheral or facial injury (e.g., facial fractures)? - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Complications are coded as injuries? - Correct Answers ✅F (T/F) Do not assume that a specific injury has occurred simply because a particular outcome occurred. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Death is an automatic AIS .6. - Correct Answers ✅F
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Open Fracture - Correct Answers ✅Skin overlying the fracture is lacerated. Closed Fracture - Correct Answers ✅Skin overlying the fracture is not lacerated. Articular Fracture - Correct Answers ✅Fracture involving the joint. Comminuted Fracture - Correct Answers ✅Multiple bone fragment fracture Displaced Fractrue - Correct Answers ✅Fracture in which two ends of the bone are not aligned Complex Fracture - Correct Answers ✅Fracture with three or more fragments with the proximal and distal fragments not touching Sprain - Correct Answers ✅Injury to joints Strain - Correct Answers ✅Injury to muscles, tendons
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Crush - Correct Answers ✅Massive destruction of body part with damage to underlying body systems (e.g., skeletal, organ and vascular) Amputation - Correct Answers ✅Total loss of body part from trauma or burn Vessel Laceration - Correct Answers ✅Same as puncture or perforation Minor vessel laceration - Correct Answers ✅Superficial, incomplete circumferential involvement, blood loss less than or equal to 20% by volume Major vessel laceration - Correct Answers ✅Rupture, transection, segmental loss, complete circumferential involvement, blood loss > 20% by volume Thrombosis - Correct Answers ✅Includes any injury to the vessel resulting in its occlusion Muscle laceration - Correct Answers ✅same as rupture, tear or avulsion
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(T/F) "Crush" should only be used when vascular, skeletal and soft tissue injury occur with an injury. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) If "crush" code is used, you should also code the injuries separately. - Correct Answers ✅F (T/F) Transection should be coded as a complete transection. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) An incomplete transection should be coded one AIS code less severe than a complete transection. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) If a vessel injury occurs in combination with an organ injury, the vessel injury is not coded separately if it is already included in the organ injury descriptor. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Branches of vessels are not coded unless they are named vessels and/or are listed within a specific vessel descriptor. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) When more than one injury claims the qualifier "blood loss > 20%", the blood loss is assigned to the most severe associated injury. - Correct Answers ✅T
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(T/F) For AIS coding, penetrating injuries are defined as injuries resulting from gunshot or stab wounds, or from impalement or spearing-type trauma, with or without damage to underlying organs or structures. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Penetrating injuries that do not involve underlying structures or internal organs are coded to the Whole Body region except injuries to the skull and face. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) You should code all internal injuries for a penetrating injury that involves internal organs and structures. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) If a penetrating injury in the brain crosses more than one region it should be coded to "penetrating major" under the Whole Area section rather than specific site of the brain. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Penetrating injury to the brain stem is an AIS .6 injury and should be coded there even if two regions of the brain are involved. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) If a physician describes an injury as severe, you should automatically assign the injury AIS .4. - Correct Answers ✅F
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Scratch, Scrap, Graze, Road Rash, Friction Burn - Correct Answers ✅Abrasions Bruise, Contused Wound, Ecchymosis, Subcutaneous Hematoma, Bump, Subgaleal Hematoma - Correct Answers ✅Contusions Laceration - Correct Answers ✅Tear or ripping apart of tissues resulting from blunt or penetrating force. Open Flesh Wound, Scrub Wound, Cut, chop Wound, Gash - Correct Answers ✅Laceration Avulsion - Correct Answers ✅Ripping or tearing away all of the layers of the skin in which a portion is separated from underlying tissues often creating a flap. Degloving - Correct Answers ✅Traumatic removal of skin and subcutaneous tissue separating tissue planes from blood supply, especially from a limb. (T/F) Degloving injuries can be open or closed. - Correct Answers ✅T
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Decollement Injury - Correct Answers ✅Closed degloving injury (T/F) If a skin injury, including penetrating injury, occurs in isolation (i.e., no underlying injury), it is coded under the appropriate AIS section BUT assigned to the External Body region when calibrating ISS. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) The AIS External and Thermal Injuries chapter should only be used if no information is available locating the injury on a specific body part or area. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) When a skin injury occurs in combination with an underlying injury, except open fractures and penetrating injuries, both are coded under the specific body region. - Correct Answers ✅T 1st Degree Burn - Correct Answers ✅Superficial 2nd Degree Burn - Correct Answers ✅Partial Thickness 3rd Degree Burn - Correct Answers ✅Full Thickness
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(T/F) If an electrical burn includes "flash" burns code both the electrical and flash burn separately. - Correct Answers ✅F (T/F) Caustic agent ingestion injuries are assigned to the region of the specific organ that is injured. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Caustic agent inhalation injures are assigned to the Chest ISS body region. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) When coding hypothermia you should code the whole number of the temperature and not round up or down. - Correct Answers ✅T (T/F) Whole body injury with massive chest and abdominal injuries, including the loss of one or more limbs or decapitation is an AIS. injury. - Correct Answers ✅T Facial Bones - Correct Answers ✅Hyoid, Palatine, Zygoma, Mandible, Maxilla, and Nasal Facial Vessels - Correct Answers ✅External Carotid and it's branches (facial and internal maxillary) Facial Nerves - Correct Answers ✅Optic (intraorbital portion)
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Supraorbital Ridge and Above - Correct Answers ✅Fractures of the upper third of face Nasal Bones & Septum, Maxillary Sinuses, Orbital Bones, Zygoma, Zygomatic Arch, Maxilla, Alveloar Process & Maxillary Dentition - Correct Answers ✅Fractures of middle third of face Mandibular Dentition, Alveolar Process, Symphysis/Parasymphysis, Corpus or Body, Angle, Ramus, Condyle & Coronoid Process - Correct Answers ✅Fractures of lower third of face LeFort I Fracture - Correct Answers ✅(Tranverse, horizontal maxillary alveolar fractures, Palate-facial disjunction (Guerin fracture)), occurs through the lower maxilla into the nasal cavity including the maxiallary alveolar process, portion of the maxillary sinus, the hard palate and the lower aspect of the pterygoid plates. Fracture detaches the tooth-bearing portion from the rest of the maxilla with one fracture line. LeFort II Fracture - Correct Answers ✅(Pyramidal Disjunction) Fracture line passes through the nasal bone, lacrimal bone, floor of orbit, infraorbital margin, across the upper portion of the zygomatic- maxillary suture line and maxillary sinus and pterygoid plate along the lateral wall fo teh maxilla into the ptergopalatine fossa. Two fracture
