



Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Prepare for your exams
Study with the several resources on Docsity
Earn points to download
Earn points by helping other students or get them with a premium plan
Community
Ask the community for help and clear up your study doubts
Discover the best universities in your country according to Docsity users
Free resources
Download our free guides on studying techniques, anxiety management strategies, and thesis advice from Docsity tutors
An overview of the digestive system, explaining how it breaks down food into nutrients that can be used by the body. It covers both mechanical and chemical digestion, the role of various organs, and the importance of enzymes. Students will learn about the process of digestion from the mouth to the large intestine.
Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps
1 / 5
This page cannot be seen from the preview
Don't miss anything!
1!.....'--.:s :',i,r ll!. ::,\ i::a;
..! .,,.-!n14;: ,,gl$*1^ i: i"+ .$ :-: '-'l-.^ ii:;-;..-.. (^) - t" k' (^) Ifl-:t'ff'E:1'rl I-.-Y: ldentify As^ you^ read, undertine the ways that your^ body uses n utrients.
T ; : :
B kr
6 lnfer The stomach tining is made up of deep muscutar
grooves. (^) How do you (^) thinl< these structures help the stomach to breal< down food? Sa SA ln (^) t- grir ln th are I ffiFrcm$" $s (^) &fu* #$gms€Erus*= sgss€+=rceH Your cells need a lot of energy for their daily activities. Cells
maintenance, and repair.^ The^ digestive system^ breaks^ down the food
that can provide^ energy^ for^ cells. The digestive system interacts rvith other body^ systems^ to obtain and use^ energy^ from^ food. Blood,^ part^ of the^ circulatory
energy from nutrients,^ cells need oxygen.^ The respiratory^ system is responsible for obtaining this oxygen from the environment. The nerr.ous system^ controls^ and regulates^ the^ functioning^ of the digestive system. W$#mH #Fjffi €"fu E+-s+^ Epsg"Btrs #,$^ €€$g*sE:E+src.i- Digestion is the process of breaking down^ food into^ a^ form that can pass from the digestive system into the bloodstream. There are two types of digestion: mechanical and chemical. 48 Unit^ l^ Human Body Systems -T
-.od. Chewing^ is^ a type of mechanical digestion. Chewing creates .nrall pieces (^) of food that are easier to (^) swallow and digest than large :Leces are. Mechanical digestion increases the surface (^) area of food
. (^) .,r the action of chemical digestion.
-.odr. uses^ to break down^ large^ molecules into smaller molecules. -nzymes (^) act like (^) chemical scissors. They'tut (^) up" large molecules .nto smaller pieces. Mechanical digestion breaks up food (^) and -ncreases surface area so that enzymes can (^) break nutrients into
Jigestion (^) would take days instead of hours!
7 Categorize Decide whether (^) each of these steps in (^) digestion is an example of mechanicat (^) digestion or chemical digestion. (^) Then put (^) a checl< in (^) the correct box.
In your mouth, teeth grind food. ffmechanicat
Salivary glands^ release a tiquid called saliva, which helps to break food down.
ffchemicat ln the stomach, (^) muscles contract to grind food into (^) a pulpy mixture.
Mmechanicat
In (^) the smal[ intestine, most nutrients are broken down (^) by enzymes.
AU l:l/chemicat
{
I",|I lnl^ :
i, 'l:!. r,l'^ .e
t .# Lesson 4 The Digestive and Excretory S@'ems (^49)
The stomach is a muscular bag that crushes food and contains acids
walls of the stomach contain layers of muscle so the stomach walls
mechanical digestion of the food you^ have eaten. Tiny glands in the stomach release^ a^ special^ type of^ acid^ that
from the acid. The glands in the stomach also release enzymes that begin the process of breaking down proteins. The^ enzymes^ that
the stomach.
reduced to a soupy mixture called chyme (kym). (^) Chyme leaves the stomach and moves into the small intestine. The smatl intestine is^ a muscular tube where most chemical digestion takes place and most nutrients are absorbed.
small intestine, it moves to the large intestine. In^ the^ large intestine, water and nutrients are absorbed. Most of the solid material remaining is waste, which is compacted and stored.
the body.
ffi
l
,I ;i.. ':lill ,iiril
l$ il
,it t I fl 1t ll
=#r*'
kEes =F* (^) ==€=E**Es
.wsrfu*#E
the help of three organs that attach to the small intestine. These organs are the pancreas,liver,^ and gall bladder. The pancreas (PANG.kree.uhz)^ makes fluids that break down
and nucleic acids. The tiver makes and releases a mixture called bile that is then stored in the gail bladder. Bile breaks up iarge fat droplets into very small fat droplets.
i :=i (^) l, J-r :,11^ :i^ 1.,,.1a :'^ i^ :i:'::i,aiir;.i^ I,i i:'.ii'ir:,:
After nutrients are broken down, they are absorbed into the bloodstream and used by the body's cells. The inside wall of the small intestine
First, the walls of the small intestine have many folds. These folds increase the surface area inside the intestine wall, creating more room for nutrients to be absorbed. Each fold is
villi (YIL.eye). In turn, the villi are covered with
the surface area of the villi. Villi contain blood
food (^) as it passes (^) through the small intestine.
T'he large intestine removes water from mostly- digested food,^ absorbs vitamins,^ and^ turns food
plants, cannot be absorbed by the body. Bacteria live in the large intestine that feed off of this undigested food. The bacteria produce vitamins that are absorbed by the large intestine along
The rectum is the last part of the large
be expelled. Feces pass to the outside of the body through an opening called the anus.It
journey through a person's digestive system.
inlil
10 Relate How is the structure and function of this sponge similar to that of the smatt intestine? *rt r *-l :lc
;"rj __a .: iId
Small intestine
q
This (^) natvral sTonge has many c?evattet,which incrLase its (^) sur{ace area.
ffi.^ e# ;#r:' Vlli^ eoverthe sur{ace o{ the^ small inferline.