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Describes Instrumentation in Blood Gas Analysis
Typology: Lecture notes
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Things You Can Know Without Performing
a Blood Gas Analysis
Oxygenation: Two Key Questions Addressed with an ABG
Is the patient hypoxic?
Is the hypoxia due to:
Hypoventilation One of the 3 other causes Or a combination of both
Importantly, an ABG alone cannot differentiate diffusion block, V/Q inequality, and shunt!
Looking at the PO 2 versus Calculating the A-a gradient
allow a cursory interpretation of oxygenation
Check Aa Gradient
No Yes
Is the patient hypoxic?
Hypoventilation
Normal Elevated
Check Aa Gradient
No defect Compensated Defect. i.e., patient is hyper ventilating or on supplemental O 2
Other Defect
Normal
Elevated
Evaluation of Acid-Base Status:
Is the patient acidemic or alkalemic?
What is the pH?
< 7.38 >7.
Acidemic Alkalemic
Evaluation of Acid-Base Status: Is the disorder respiratory or
metabolic?
If acidemic (pH < 7.38)
What is the PCO 2?
40 mmHg < 40 mmHg
Respiratory acidosis Metabolic acidosis