Partial preview of the text
Download Genetics Terminology and Concepts and more Quizzes Biology in PDF only on Docsity!
Fraternal Twins
Dizygotic Twins
TERM 2
Identical Twins
DEFINITION 2
monozygotic
TERM 3
Plan B
DEFINITION 3
Must be taken within 72 hours. -No pregnancy
TERM 4
RU
DEFINITION 4
Taken up to nine weeks of development. ('abortion pill") -
Yes Pregnancy
TERM 5
Law of segregation
DEFINITION 5
Particles segregated in gamete formation
Allele
Different forms of gene
TERM 7
What is an example of a Dihybrid cross?
DEFINITION 7
Pea Example
TERM 8
Incomplete Dominance
DEFINITION 8
When the the heterzoygote has the intermediates between
both parental types
TERM 9
Co-Dominance?
DEFINITION 9
When the heterozygote is like both parental types and there
is no mixing or blending.
TERM 10
Complete dominance?
DEFINITION 10
When one trait covers or mask another trait entirely
What letters have huntington's disease?
HH an Hh
TERM 17
Which letters will not have huntington's
disease?
DEFINITION 17
hh
TERM 18
What does genetic testing allow you to
do?
DEFINITION 18
it allows you to find out what your offspring is predisposed
to.
TERM 19
What can non-disjuction chromosome be led
to?
DEFINITION 19
Miscarriage, Aneuploidy, and Trisomy
TERM 20
Amniocentesis
DEFINITION 20
takes place at least 16 weeks, takes 4 weeks to receive
results.
CVS
removes small portion of placenta. Results given at 10
weeks or 2 and half months
TERM 22
PGD
DEFINITION 22
Preimplantation genetic diagnosisEmbryo test
TERM 23
Spermatogenesis
DEFINITION 23
Mens production
TERM 24
Testes
DEFINITION 24
Sperm production (outside of the body to control
temperature)
TERM 25
Seminiferous tubules
DEFINITION 25
Where sperm is made. Where meiosis takes place. Millions
and millions of cells can be produced at a fairly rapid rate.
Bulbourethral Gland
bulb at base of urethral also adjust pH, but of the MALE, not
female. Secretions before ejeacualtion, neutralizing male
reproduction system to increase.
TERM 32
Oogenesis
DEFINITION 32
all eggs developed by the end of the 1st trimester of her
development until puberty. At puberty 1 egg per month
matures and stops at menopause
TERM 33
Ovary
DEFINITION 33
egg production
TERM 34
Oviduct
DEFINITION 34
transport to uterus where development takes place
TERM 35
Cervix
DEFINITION 35
Barrier between chamber where embryonic development
takes place and the vaginal opening
Vagina
receives gametes
TERM 37
Where are most eggs
found?
DEFINITION 37
In the ovary from birth
TERM 38
Follicle
DEFINITION 38
egg + surrounding cells. All cells are pumping energy into
egg. When ovulation occurs, follicle ruptures annd travels
down.
TERM 39
When does fertilization
occur?
DEFINITION 39
it usually happens within the first 24 hours
TERM 40
How long does it take for the zygote to get to
the uterus?
DEFINITION 40
about 1 week
What is a female reproductive strategy?
quality not quantity. A lot of energy investment into
individual cells.
TERM 47
Why is day 14 so important for
development?
DEFINITION 47
legal - experimentation,Health/Society/$$$ - Brain and spinal
chord are beginning to develop - When does life begin? - B-
Folate is needed.
TERM 48
What does the brain says?
DEFINITION 48
NO MORE EGGS
TERM 49
What is the cervix low in?
DEFINITION 49
Low Acidity
TERM 50
What happens after ovulation occurs?
DEFINITION 50
The follicle becomes and corpus luteum (body-yellow) which
produces progeterone.
What happens to the cervical
mucus?
becomes Thick, pasty, white, etc.
TERM 52
What is the function of mitosis?
DEFINITION 52
Grow, Repair, and Replicate
TERM 53
Where does Mitosis occur?
DEFINITION 53
in somatic cells, ( Body Cells)
TERM 54
S stands
for?
DEFINITION 54
Synthesis of DNA chromosomes replicate
TERM 55
G2 stands
for?
DEFINITION 55
more metabolism
What is the third source of genetic
variation?
fertilization of the cell (likelihood that parents came up with
YOU is 1/64 trillion possibilities)
TERM 62
What are microtubules?
DEFINITION 62
protein fibers that stretch the cell and move the
chromosomes.
TERM 63
How does oral contraceptive work to prevent
contraception?
DEFINITION 63
By realizing certain hormones that trick the woman's body
into thinking that she is pregnant.
TERM 64
What is the difference between cell division in
animal and plant cells?
DEFINITION 64
Plant cells create new cell walls in cytoknesis while animal
cells spilt apart
TERM 65
What happens during metaphase II?
DEFINITION 65
crossing over occurs
What does it mean for chromosomes to be
homologous?
it means they are maternal and paternal of the same
chromosome.
TERM 67
What is the purpose of meiosis?
DEFINITION 67
To produce gametes.
TERM 68
How are the structures of the egg and the
sperm well adapted to their functions?
DEFINITION 68
egg is with rich with nutrients for the growing zygote and
sperm is small, agile and coated with an enzyme to allow
easy entrance.
TERM 69
What do follicle cells
do?
DEFINITION 69
They help the oocyte (egg) growth with the uterus
TERM 70
If a trait is autosomal recessive, what does an
organism need to have in order to have that
trait?
DEFINITION 70
It has to inherit recessive alleles for the trait from its parents
(s)
