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BIOL-L112 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH THE LATEST AND UPDATED SCORE.
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As a student in this course, you learn that this particular antibody is considered "bad" when present at elevated levels. However, there is an advantage to its presence. What can this antibody do that other classes of antibodies are unable to do? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ It kills parasitic worms. Adjacent nucleotides on a strand of DNA are connected to each other by a _________________ -- Correct Answer ✔✔ Phosphodiester bond In what stage of translation does the peptide bond join two amino acids? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ Elongation The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of information in eukaryotic gene expression as -- Correct Answer ✔✔ DNA to RNA to Protein A girl steps on an old board and a nail cuts through her shoes and skin, causing a slight puncture wound. Which of the following non-specific defense mechanisms will come to her rescue? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ Inflammation During transcription -- Correct Answer ✔✔ only one of the two DNA strands acts as a template Each DNA nucleotide is made up of -- Correct Answer ✔✔ a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and one of four nitrogenous bases
A class of antibodies is able to cross the placenta from the mother to fetus. This confers immunity to the newborn before it is able to develop its own immunity. Name the antibody class. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ IgG Except for the stop codons, the codons in the genetic code specify which of _______ amino acids to use. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ 20 During the elongation stage of transcription, -- Correct Answer ✔✔ the transcript grows in the 5' to 3' direction. RNA nucleotides are added to the transcript. RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA. The double helix reforms behind RNA polymerase. The region in a tRNA that bonds with mRNA during translation is the -- Correct Answer ✔✔ anticodon Which of the following adds individual nucleotides to the 3' end of an existing strand to build a new DNA strand during replication? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ DNA polymerase Arrange the following three lines of defense from earliest to latest: 1= adaptive immune system 2= physical barriers 3= innate immune systems -- Correct Answer ✔✔ 2,3, the portions of a gene that are transcribed but not translates are called -- Correct Answer ✔✔ introns precursor-mRNA (pre-mRNA) typically exists -- Correct Answer ✔✔ only in the nucleus of eukaryotes Human cells produce perhaps as many as 100,000 different proteins and yet the human genome has only about 35,000 genes. This is best explained by -- Correct Answer ✔✔ alternative splicing All of the following are innate defense mechanisms except: acid secretions of the stomach
Clones of B cells are produced Plasma cells secrete antibodies Which of the following acts to remove over twisting and strain ahead of the replication fork during DNA replication? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ Topoisomerase The genetic material of all eukaryotic living organisms is -- Correct Answer ✔✔ deoxyribonucleic acid The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is particularly damaging to humans because it -- Correct Answer ✔✔ mutates frequently and kills helper T cells Telomere characteristics include all of the following except -- Correct Answer ✔✔ increase with senescence (aging) DNA replication must start at a replication origin. In eukaryotes, the DNA molecule that makes up a chromosome is typically __________ and usually has _________ replication origin. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ linear; more than one What of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complementary sequence that would bind to the DNA strand 5'- GACGTT-3' -- Correct Answer ✔✔ 3'-CTGCAA-5' Translation ends when a stop codon is at the ______ site, allowing a _______ to bind there. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ A; release factor The place where RNA polymerase first associates with DNA so that transcription can begin is called the ________ and is located _______ of the transcribed region -- Correct Answer ✔✔ promoter; upstream The genetic code is made up of units each of which consists of how many nucleotides? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ 3
The DNA of an organism is studied and found to contain 14% guanine. This organism should have ___% thymine and ___% cytosine. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ 36, 14 Which of the following acts as filters in the lymphatic system? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ Lymph nodes The two strands of a DNA double helix are said to be antiparallel. This means that -- Correct Answer ✔✔ the 5' end of one strand is directly pairs with the 3' end of the other strand Mother's milk is considered highly beneficial to infant immunity because it contains an antibody. This antibody is called an ________, is found in mother's milk and in the ________ -- Correct Answer ✔✔ IgA, saliva A polyribosome is -- Correct Answer ✔✔ an mRNA molecule that is bound to many ribosomes in the at of translation The process of transcription in eukaryotes ends when -- Correct Answer ✔✔ enzymes recognize a polyadenylation signal in the trailing RNA sequence Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into primary structure of a polypeptide? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ tRNA Replication of DNA in eukaryotes is -- Correct Answer ✔✔ semi- conservative Prior to the 1940's many biologists thought that ____, being made up of 20 types of _____, was the best candidate for genetic material. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ protein; amino acids Autoimmune disorders result from a breakdown in the ability of the body to -- Correct Answer ✔✔ distinguish self from nonself proteins
The TATA box is a key element of the ______ of most eukaryotic protein-coding genes. -- Correct Answer ✔✔ promoter When a gene transcription occurs in eukaryotes, which of the following events is first produced? -- Correct Answer ✔✔ pre-mRNA