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Definitions and terms related to nucleoproteins, chromatin organization, and histone modifications. Topics include the role of nucleoproteins in dna packaging, chromatin fiber organization, histone composition, and modifications such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation.
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Specific protein that assists in the wrapping and tight packaging of linear DNA molecules TERM 2
DEFINITION 2 Get organized into chromatin fibers which are further condensed and called CHROMOSOMES! TERM 3
DEFINITION 3 -Chromatin is organized like beads on a string-nucleosome TERM 4
DEFINITION 4 -octet of histones which is wrapped by DNA TERM 5
DEFINITION 5 HISTONES package DNATopoisomerase aid in chromatin organization b/c it is important for supercoiing
Scaffold proteins --> frames around which things are built TERM 7
DEFINITION 7 10 nm nucleosome fiber condenses into 30 nm diameter fiber who is in it's predominant form at the interphase nucleus TERM 8
DEFINITION 8 Euchromatin consists of transcriptionally active DNA (susceptible to DNAse activity)Heterochromatin consists of transcriptionally inactive DNA that is less susceptible to DNase TERM 9
DEFINITION 9 -highly condensed inactive chromatin consisting if highly repeating DNA sequences-found in centromeres and telomeres TERM 10
DEFINITION 10 -not active in any particular tissues-forms under specific circumstances to silence gene expression
TRUE - they are vital! TERM 17
DEFINITION 17 -reformation necessary because DNA replication involves disassembly of nucleosomes-newly replicated DNA immediately packaged, first bind H3 + H4 tetramers, then H2A + H2B dimers and finally H1 is last. TERM 18
DEFINITION 18 -negatively charged proteins that assist in histone assembly- they are negatively charged because histones themselves are positively charged (due to several +ve lysines) TERM 19
DEFINITION 19 -direct DNA wrapping --> necessary for the formation and stabilization of the 30 nm fiber TERM 20
DEFINITION 20
Reduces the overall positive charge of the protein TERM 22
DEFINITION 22 Signal - no gene expressionNo signal - gene expression in progress, DNA free of histones for digestion with DNase