Download BIOL 308 - Lecture 10 | BIOL - Molecular Biology and more Quizzes Molecular biology in PDF only on Docsity!
What are 3 protein interactions important in DNA? Enzymatic (NA, substrates, proteins, enzymes) Structural (change in DNA/RNA structure)ex. DNA helicase, histones Regulatory-in both transcription + translation TERM 2 What are 4 protein-NA interactions? (forces) DEFINITION 2 +ve to -vehydrogen bondsVdWHydrophobicinteractions TERM 3 What happens when a protein binds a nucleic acid? DEFINITION 3 Positive ions surrounding them are displaced --> energy requirement TERM 4 Which is involved more in regulatory process
- the major or minor groove? (Why?) DEFINITION 4 The major, because it is larger and more specific TERM 5 What is the replication origin? DEFINITION 5 A stretch of DNA that signals for the start of replication. Prokaryotes typically only have one, Eukaryotes have several.
What is a replicon? Any piece of DNA that replicates as a single unit TERM 7 T/F: Replication is bidirectional in most organisms. DEFINITION 7 True TERM 8 Where was DNA replication first studied? DEFINITION 8 In prokaryotes TERM 9 Genetic approach to studying replication DEFINITION 9 Create a mutant population and screen for mutants affected during replication--> characterize where replication stops quickly or slowly under permissive conditions TERM 10 Biochemical approach to studying replication DEFINITION 10 Add radiochemical dNTP to an extract containing replication necessary as well as template DNAMeasure incorporation of radioactivity into the new DNA
What is a leading strand? Strand that is synthesized CONTINUOUSLY in a 5' - 3 ' off a single primer TERM 17 What is a lagging strand? DEFINITION 17 Strand that is synthesized discontinuously off multiple primers TERM 18 T/F: One strand will replicate as both a leading + lagging strand in the SAME direction. DEFINITION 18 False, in opposite direction TERM 19 What are two functions involved in initiating replication? Briefly describe them. DEFINITION 19 CIS ELEMENTS-specific nucleotide sequences (not movable)-ex. DnaA box, OriC in E.coli Trans factors-proteins that recognize and bind to CIS elements-capable of diffusing through the cell/nucleus TERM 20 In E.Coli - how do we activate a site for replication? DEFINITION 20 Methylation of oriC
Can oriC methylated anywhere? Which enzyme does the methylating? No, only on the A of the GATC/CTAG sequence -so GmATC/CTmAG-Dam Methylase TERM 22 NOTE: Both top and bottom of strand need to be methylated in order to be active DEFINITION 22 N/A TERM 23 What is DnaA? What does it recognize? It only intiate replication if...? Why? DEFINITION 23 Protein responsible for initiating replication at oriC of E.ColiRecognize 4 DnaA boxes (9 mers)If DNA is negatively supercoiledBecause it is easier to melt (stored energy) TERM 24 What are helicases? What are they known as in E.Coli? DEFINITION 24 Group of enzymes that move along the dsDNA and unwind it using ATPDnaB TERM 25 Why does DnaB need DnaC? Why is this important? DEFINITION 25
- to escort to DnaA-to form the pre-priming process
How do primers know where to get synthesized? Primase teams up with helicase to form the next priming site TERM 32 What is a priming site known as? DEFINITION 32 Primosome
