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Drosophila Fertilization & Development: Calcium Influx & Mid-blastula Transition, Quizzes of Developmental biology

University of WaterlooDevelopmental biology

An in-depth exploration of various aspects of drosophila melanogaster development, focusing on syncytial specification, calcium influx, and the mid-blastula transition. Topics covered include the effects of sperm entry sites, the role of calcium in meiosis and egg activation, the activation of calcium channels, and the differences in fertilization processes. Additionally, the document discusses the onset of the mid-blastula transition, the influence of nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, smaug protein, and the formation of the germ band and nervous system.

Typology: Quizzes

2010/2011

Uploaded on 10/16/2011

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TERM 1
In general, what kind of specification do
drosophila exhibit?
DEFINITION 1
Syncytial Specification
TERM 2
Does sperm entry site have an effect on
establishment of body axes?
DEFINITION 2
No
TERM 3
What does the influx of calcium result in with
respect to drosophila?
DEFINITION 3
Completion of meiosis
intiation of mRNA translation
Vitelline envelope becomes impermeable
Egg changes from flacid to turgid
TERM 4
How are calcium channels activated in the
drosophila?
DEFINITION 4
Pressure on the egg
TERM 5
In which phase of meiosis is the drosophila
oocyte prior in calcium influx?
DEFINITION 5
IN METAPHASE I
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8

Partial preview of the text

Download Drosophila Fertilization & Development: Calcium Influx & Mid-blastula Transition and more Quizzes Developmental biology in PDF only on Docsity!

In general, what kind of specification do

drosophila exhibit?

Syncytial Specification

TERM 2

Does sperm entry site have an effect on

establishment of body axes?

DEFINITION 2

No

TERM 3

What does the influx of calcium result in with

respect to drosophila?

DEFINITION 3

Completion of meiosis

intiation of mRNA translation

Vitelline envelope becomes impermeable

Egg changes from flacid to turgid

TERM 4

How are calcium channels activated in the

drosophila?

DEFINITION 4

Pressure on the egg

TERM 5

In which phase of meiosis is the drosophila

oocyte prior in calcium influx?

DEFINITION 5

IN METAPHASE I

What are two differences in drosophila

fertilization from the other methods we've

seen?

Micropyle - single entry for sperm - physical block of

polyspermy

No cortical granules - cortical changes in cytoplasm are

seen @ egg activation

TERM 7

T/F: By the time the sperm enters the egg,

that fun has already started.

DEFINITION 7

T

TERM 8

4 cleavage steps in drosophila fertilization.

DEFINITION 8

Superficial cleavage - rapid syncytial nuclear division - creates

syncytium

Division cycle 9 - pole cells enclosed by membrane at extreme

posterior, sit outside of the syncytium

Nuclei migrate to cortex --> 3 cortical divison --> form syncytial

blastoderm

Cellularization @ interphase of division 14 --> forms cellular

blastoderm

TERM 9

Do male and female pronuclei divide prior to

the first division?

DEFINITION 9

No, the share a common spindle

TERM 10

Where is zygotic gene expression first seen?

DEFINITION 10

Syncytial devisions

What is the second thing that influences the

onset of mid-blastula transition?

Smaug Protein

TERM 17

Which mRNA encodes for Smaug? What is it?

What does it do?

DEFINITION 17

Maternal mRNA

RNA protein associated with repression of translation

Targets maternal mRNA for degradation

TERM 18

What is the third thing that influences the

onset of mid-blastula transition?

DEFINITION 18

-depletes maternal cyclins + transcription of further cell

cycle regulators-introduces further cell cycle regulation and

G phases

TERM 19

What is gastrulation?

DEFINITION 19

Segregation of presumptive ectoderm, mesoderm and

endoderm

TERM 20

Where does the mesoderm form from?

DEFINITION 20

FROM THE VENTRAL FURROW

Anterior and posterior midgut invaginations

are:

Endoderm invaginations

TERM 22

What is the germ band?

DEFINITION 22

The product of when the ectoderm and mesoderm undergo

convergence and extension

TERM 23

What happens during the germ band

extension?

DEFINITION 23

The tail is pushed around the egg case and lies behind the

head on the dorsal side

TERM 24

What three important things happen during

the germ band extension?

DEFINITION 24

Organogenesis

Segmentation becomes apparent

Precursors to adult fly are specified

TERM 25

What does the nervous system form from?

DEFINITION 25

NEUROGENIC VENTRAL ECTODERM

What happens to the other 15 cells?

They enter an endophase cycle and become polyploid nurse

cells that feed the developing oocyte

TERM 32

What defines the A/P + D/V axes of the

drosophila embryo?

DEFINITION 32

Bicoid, Gurken and Oskar mRNA

TERM 33

Where does the bicoid mRNA localize? What

does it develop into?

DEFINITION 33

Anterior of the oocyte

Directs where the head + thorax develop

TERM 34

Where is oskar mRNA localized? What does it

form?

DEFINITION 34

Posterior

Forms the pole plasm that contains abdominal and

germinal determinants

TERM 35

Describe the establishment of the A-P

polarity.

DEFINITION 35

Gurken protein synthesized --> binds to EGFR receptors on

follicle --> follicles posteriorize --> follicles send signal X to

oocyte --> signal X recruits par-1 protein --> par-1 organizes

microtubules such that ends are at posterior

Two reasons why microtubules are

important?

form mitotic spindle + cillia/flagella

guide transport along the axon in nerve cells

TERM 37

Intermediate filaments

DEFINITION 37

form cables in cytosol to hold epithelial cells together as a

sheet

support axons in nerve cells

form hair + finger nails

TERM 38

Actin (2)

DEFINITION 38

support plasma membrane

cell projections (contractile ring in cytokinesis, stereocilia

for hearing, microvilli)